Question 1

A 15-year-old girl realizes that the dress she has worn to school has a small stain on it. Her belief that everyone will notice it is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the personal fable 
B)  adolescent egocentrism 
C)  clothes consciousness 
D)  school phobia

Question 2

Blair has heard repeatedly from her parents about the potential dangers of drinking alcohol, yet at a party she gladly accepts a beer from a classmate. Blair thinks that this classmate is one of the most popular students at school. In this situation, what type of thinking is most likely dominating Blair's decision to accept the beer?

Accepted Answer

A)  inductive reasoning 
B)  intuitive thought 
C)  concrete reasoning 
D)  analytic thought

Question 3

Ron thinks he is more unique and admired than other adolescents his age, and is certain that everyone is paying attention to his every action. It appears that he has started to experience adolescent _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  modesty 
B)  moral reasoning 
C)  egocentrism 
D)  logic

Question 4

When adolescents fantasize about how others will react to their new hairstyle, they are creating a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  personal fable 
B)  abstract audience 
C)  personal identity 
D)  imaginary audience

Question 5

In Inhelder and Piaget's balance experiment, trial-and-error problem solving was most characteristic of those of the age defined by _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  unrealistic thought 
B)  concrete operational thought 
C)  logical thought 
D)  formal operational thought

Question 6

Rachel and Matt are in their first year of middle school. Statistically, one would expect their academic achievement to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  improve 
B)  decline 
C)  remain the same as in elementary school 
D)  exhibit an erratic pattern of rising and falling

Question 7

Albert et al. (2013) ran a series of experiments in which adults and adolescents, alone or with peers, played a video game. In the game, taking risks could lead to crashes or gaining points. The experiments found that _____, unlike the _____, were much more likely to take risks and crash when they were _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  adults; adolescents; alone 
B)  adolescents; adults; alone 
C)  adults; adolescents; with peers 
D)  adolescents; adults; with peers

Question 8

Which term refers to reasoning from a general statement, premise, or principle, through logical steps, to figure out specifics?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothetical reasoning 
B)  inductive reasoning 
C)  deductive reasoning 
D)  adolescent egocentrism

Question 9

Which factor is a good predictor of health for people around the world?

Accepted Answer

A)  obtaining a master's degree or a Ph.D. 
B)  completing secondary education 
C)  attending private instead of public schools 
D)  attending schools that follow Western academia

Question 10

A thought that arises through a "feeling" that the thought is right is referred to as a(n) _____ thought.

Accepted Answer

A)  intuitive 
B)  factual 
C)  experimental 
D)  logical

Question 11

Reasoning that includes propositions and possibilities that may not reflect reality defines _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  inductive reasoning 
B)  perceptual thought 
C)  hypothetical thought 
D)  deductive reasoning

Question 12

Jeremy is 7 years old and has been asked to balance a scale with weights that can be hooked to the arms of the scale. Jeremy will probably _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  solve the problem through a trial-and-error strategy 
B)  put weights on both sides without considering distance from the center of the scale 
C)  understand the inverse relationship between distance and weight 
D)  put all the weights on one side of the scale

Question 13

Most U.S. high schools emphasize learning based on _____, which is developmentally appropriate.

Accepted Answer

A)  formal thinking 
B)  memorization 
C)  practical cognition 
D)  international standards

Question 14

Klaczynski's studies of younger and older adolescents' analytical thinking indicated that _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  younger adolescents were rarely logical, whereas older adolescents were nearly always logical 
B)  individuals who were analytical on some problems were analytical on all problems 
C)  most adolescents do not think as analytically as their capabilities allow 
D)  younger adolescents tended to dismiss research that was contrary to their own beliefs

Question 15

_____ is the theorist who coined the term adolescent egocentrism.

Accepted Answer

A)  Erikson 
B)  Skinner 
C)  Elkind 
D)  Kohlberg

Question 16

Juanita just solved this math problem: (35xy2)(6zy3). Her ability to do so places her in which of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensorimotor 
B)  preoperational 
C)  concrete operational 
D)  formal operational

Question 17

"If-then" propositions require _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  concrete thought 
B)  operational thought 
C)  postformal thought 
D)  hypothetical thought

Question 18

The belief that one cannot be harmed by things that would hurt someone else is referred to as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the invincibility fable 
B)  the personal fable 
C)  the imaginary audience 
D)  deductive reasoning

Question 19

A strategy to increase student motivation in middle schools is to encourage a belief in _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  students' ability to master whatever they seek to learn 
B)  doing homework 
C)  the entity approach to learning 
D)  studying for tests

Question 20

Deductive reasoning is also referred to as _____ reasoning.

Accepted Answer

A)  top-down 
B)  theoretical 
C)  concrete 
D)  bottom-up

Exam 15: Seciton 3: Adolescence: Cognitive Development

A 15-year-old girl realizes that the dress she has worn to school has a small stain on it. Her belief that everyone will notice it is an example of _____.

Ron thinks he is more unique and admired than other adolescents his age, and is certain that everyone is paying attention to his every action. It appears that he has started to experience adolescent _____.

When adolescents fantasize about how others will react to their new hairstyle, they are creating a(n) _____.

In Inhelder and Piaget's balance experiment, trial-and-error problem solving was most characteristic of those of the age defined by _____.

Rachel and Matt are in their first year of middle school. Statistically, one would expect their academic achievement to _____.

Which term refers to reasoning from a general statement, premise, or principle, through logical steps, to figure out specifics?

Which factor is a good predictor of health for people around the world?

A thought that arises through a "feeling" that the thought is right is referred to as a(n) _____ thought.

Reasoning that includes propositions and possibilities that may not reflect reality defines _____.

Jeremy is 7 years old and has been asked to balance a scale with weights that can be hooked to the arms of the scale. Jeremy will probably _____.

Most U.S. high schools emphasize learning based on _____, which is developmentally appropriate.

Klaczynski's studies of younger and older adolescents' analytical thinking indicated that _____.

_____ is the theorist who coined the term adolescent egocentrism.

Juanita just solved this math problem: (35xy²) (6zy³) . Her ability to do so places her in which of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?

"If-then" propositions require _____.

The belief that one cannot be harmed by things that would hurt someone else is referred to as _____.

A strategy to increase student motivation in middle schools is to encourage a belief in _____.

Deductive reasoning is also referred to as _____ reasoning.

Exam 15: Seciton 3: Adolescence: Cognitive Development

A 15-year-old girl realizes that the dress she has worn to school has a small stain on it. Her belief that everyone will notice it is an example of _____.

Ron thinks he is more unique and admired than other adolescents his age, and is certain that everyone is paying attention to his every action. It appears that he has started to experience adolescent _____.

When adolescents fantasize about how others will react to their new hairstyle, they are creating a(n) _____.

In Inhelder and Piaget's balance experiment, trial-and-error problem solving was most characteristic of those of the age defined by _____.

Rachel and Matt are in their first year of middle school. Statistically, one would expect their academic achievement to _____.

Which term refers to reasoning from a general statement, premise, or principle, through logical steps, to figure out specifics?

Which factor is a good predictor of health for people around the world?

A thought that arises through a "feeling" that the thought is right is referred to as a(n) _____ thought.

Reasoning that includes propositions and possibilities that may not reflect reality defines _____.

Jeremy is 7 years old and has been asked to balance a scale with weights that can be hooked to the arms of the scale. Jeremy will probably _____.

Most U.S. high schools emphasize learning based on _____, which is developmentally appropriate.

Klaczynski's studies of younger and older adolescents' analytical thinking indicated that _____.

_____ is the theorist who coined the term adolescent egocentrism.

Juanita just solved this math problem: (35xy2) (6zy3) . Her ability to do so places her in which of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?

"If-then" propositions require _____.

The belief that one cannot be harmed by things that would hurt someone else is referred to as _____.

A strategy to increase student motivation in middle schools is to encourage a belief in _____.

Deductive reasoning is also referred to as _____ reasoning.

Juanita just solved this math problem: (35xy²) (6zy³) . Her ability to do so places her in which of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?