Question 1

________ refers to the ability to recognize and understand patterns and relationships in a problem and use this understanding to solve other instances of the problem.

Accepted Answer

A)  Spatial orientation 
B)  Inductive reasoning 
C)  Verbal comprehension 
D)  Perceptual speed

Question 2

Many experts on middle adulthood describe the age period of 55 to 65 as

Accepted Answer

A)  late adulthood. 
B)  early midlife. 
C)  late midlife. 
D)  early adulthood.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true of chronic conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Women have a higher incidence of fatal chronic conditions in middle age. 
B)  Men have a higher incidence of nonfatal chronic conditions in middle age. 
C)  Hypertension is the leading chronic disorder in early adulthood. 
D)  Chronic disorders are rare in early adulthood.

Question 4

Which of the following is a reason for the reduction in light received by the retina during middle adulthood?

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase in the size of the iris 
B)  an increase in blood supply to the eye 
C)  reduced size of the pupil 
D)  reduced opacity of the lens

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true of the physical changes in bones?

Accepted Answer

A)  Maximum bone density occurs in late adolescence. 
B)  By the end of early adulthood, bones break more easily and heal more slowly. 
C)  The rate of bone loss is steady throughout the life span. 
D)  Women lose bone mass twice as fast as men do.

Question 6

The type of white blood cell that is more likely to be present in low-stress circumstances are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma cells 
B)  natural killer (NK) cells 
C)  lymphocytes 
D)  monocytes

Question 7

What is the notable finding of Schaie's assessment of intellectual abilities of parents and their children?

Accepted Answer

A)  The second generation scored higher on numerical abilities. 
B)  The second generation showed higher levels of cognitive functioning in inductive reasoning. 
C)  The offspring generation showed cognitive decline from 60 to 67 years of age. 
D)  The parent generation showed modest increase in cognitive functioning from 60 to 67 years of age.

Question 8

Name the term that refers to the midlife transition, for both men and women, in which fertility declines.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name the term that refers to the...

Question 9

Name the theorist who initiated the Seattle Longitudinal Study that involves extensive evaluations of intellectual abilities in the adult years.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name the theorist who initiated the Seattle...

Question 10

Which of the following is most likely a factor that is associated with erectile problems in middle-aged men?

Accepted Answer

A)  smoking 
B)  moderate exercises 
C)  excessive sexual activity 
D)  high testosterone levels

Question 11

Describe the differences between LDL and HDL and some of the changes one can make in lifestyle to affect cholesterol levels.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the differences between LDL and HDL...

Question 12

Howard, a middle-aged man, is suffering from erectile problems. He consults his doctor to know about the likely causes for his condition. He tells his doctor that he has been suffering from diabetes and low blood pressure. He also tells his doctor that he is a weight lifter and hence spends 2 hours every day at the gym. He also tells his doctor that his recent blood test shows a lower level of natural killer (NK) cells. In this scenario, which of the following would the doctor mention as the most likely cause for Howard's condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  diabetes 
B)  low blood pressure 
C)  low level of NK cells 
D)  excessive weight lifting

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true of cholesterol levels in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  High-density cholesterol leads to the hardening of the arteries when its level increases and sticks to the lining of the blood vessels. 
B)  Low-density cholesterol is referred to as good cholesterol as it reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease. 
C)  High-density cholesterol is referred to as bad cholesterol as the risk of cardiovascular disease increases when low-density cholesterol is high. 
D)  The level of cholesterol in the blood increases during the adult years and in midlife and begins to accumulate on the artery walls.

Question 14

Roy Baumeister and Kathleen Vohs believe that a meaningful life can be understood in terms of four main needs for meaning. Which of the following is a need for meaning according to Roy Baumeister and Kathleen Vohs?

Accepted Answer

A)  the need for shelter 
B)  the need for intimacy 
C)  the need for values 
D)  the need for food

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true of the immune system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Its machinery consists of billions of red blood cells. 
B)  When a person is under stress, the levels of bacteria and viruses drop dramatically. 
C)  Lower levels of natural killer (NK) cells in stressful situations indicate a weakened immune system. 
D)  Stress increases the number of natural killer (NK) cells in the body.

Question 16

Individuals with metabolic syndrome who ________ reduced their risk of developing cardiovascular disease.

Accepted Answer

A)  maintained a high blood glucose level 
B)  were physically active 
C)  maintained a high LDL level 
D)  were physically inactive

Question 17

Which of the following is one of the reasons why many middle-aged workers are delaying their retirement plans?

Accepted Answer

A)  the increase of retirement age to 75 years 
B)  the increasing opportunity for middle-aged professionals 
C)  the increased productive health owing to medical advancements 
D)  the decline in defined-benefit pensions

Question 18

At 60 years of age, the retina receives only ________ as much light as it did at 20 years of age.

Accepted Answer

A)  two-thirds 
B)  one-fourth 
C)  half 
D)  one-third

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a fatal chronic disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  varicose veins 
B)  bursitis 
C)  arthritis 
D)  cardiovascular disease

Question 20

Mildred is in her 20s. Her doctor tells her that she is gradually losing muscle mass and strength especially in her back and legs. Her doctor has advised her to exercise regularly and focus on her diet as a strategy to slow down the decline of muscle mass and strength. Which of the following terms best describes Mildred's condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  sarcoma 
B)  osteopenia 
C)  osteoporosis 
D)  sarcopenia

Exam 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood