Question 1

Who among the following most likely exhibits the developmental pattern of successful aging?

Accepted Answer

A)  Khalid who is 79 years old and has started experiencing a modest decline in his psychological functioning 
B)  Shyam who is 81 years old and frequently forgets where he places his belongings 
C)  Carlo who is 78 years old and suffers from Parkinson's disease, which impairs his daily functioning 
D)  Selena who is 80 years old and capable of walking without the support of a cane

Question 2

Which group of theorists emphasizes that behavior is merely a surface characteristic and that a true understanding of development requires analyzing the symbolic meanings of behavior and the deep inner workings of the mind?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which group of theorists emphasizes that behavior...

Question 3

Peter is a senior partner at his law firm and is an important member of his church and community. Both his children are in college. Peter's situation is most representative of which period of development?

Accepted Answer

A)  early adulthood 
B)  middle adulthood 
C)  late adulthood 
D)  retirement

Question 4

Which of Urie Bronfenbrenner's environmental systems consists of the patterning of environmental events and transitions over the life course, as well as sociohistorical circumstances?

Accepted Answer

A)  the mesosystem 
B)  the chronosystem 
C)  the macrosystem 
D)  the exosystem

Question 5

According to Paul Baltes's perspective of life-span development, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Development stops during adolescence. 
B)  Development is multidimensional. 
C)  Development is unidirectional. 
D)  Development occurs independent of context.

Question 6

Jeremy becomes fluent in English at the age of 4. At the age of 6, he becomes fluent in French. However, when Jeremy's parents try to teach him Spanish when he is 8 years old, they find that Jeremy's capacity to acquire a new language has decreased. This scenario most likely illustrates Paul Baltes's view that development is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  plastic 
B)  contextual 
C)  multidisciplinary 
D)  multidirectional

Question 7

Edwin was a neglected child in his infancy. Now, at 31 years of age, he is highly cynical about the world and feels that no one can be relied upon. In his relationship, he is suspicious toward his partner, and these feelings eventually lead to the breakup of the relationship. According to Erikson's psychosocial theory, this indicates that Edwin did not successfully resolve the ________ stage of development, which in turn is causing him to experience ________ in his current developmental stage.

Accepted Answer

A)  identity versus identity confusion; stagnation 
B)  trust versus mistrust; isolation 
C)  autonomy versus shame and doubt; confusion 
D)  trust versus mistrust; despair

Question 8

Jessica, 16, is in the process of deciding what she wants to study in college. She wants to be an engineer one day and a painter the next day. Erik Erikson would say Jessica is in the ________ stage of development.

Accepted Answer

A)  intimacy versus isolation 
B)  identity versus identity confusion 
C)  initiative versus guilt 
D)  industry versus inferiority

Question 9

Describe two characteristics of the life-span perspective on development. Provide an example for each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe two characteristics of the life-span perspective...

Question 10

Dr. Wong is a cognitive developmental theorist, so we know that he will stress the importance of ________ in understanding development.

Accepted Answer

A)  conscious thoughts 
B)  repressed memories 
C)  biological processes 
D)  the effects of genes and evolution on the development of intelligence

Question 11

Changes in motor skills, nutrition, exercise, the hormonal changes of puberty, and cardiovascular decline are all examples of ________ processes that affect development.

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive 
B)  biological 
C)  socioemotional 
D)  cultural

Question 12

The idea that no singular theory can explain life-span development as a whole, but that each theory plays an important role, is referred to as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  eclectic theoretical orientation. 
B)  mixed theoretical orientation. 
C)  abridged theoretical orientation. 
D)  severed theoretical orientation.

Question 13

Apart from the issues of stability versus change and continuity versus discontinuity, which developmental issue characterizes development throughout the human life span?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Apart from the issues of stability versus...

Question 14

________ is a government's course of action designed to promote the welfare of its citizens.

Accepted Answer

A)  Social policy 
B)  Generational policy 
C)  Cultural legislation 
D)  Equity policy

Question 15

The ________ period is the time from conception to birth.

Accepted Answer

A)  perinatal 
B)  prenatal 
C)  neonatal 
D)  postnatal

Question 16

The concept of discontinuity is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)  qualitative change. 
B)  quantitative change. 
C)  collective change. 
D)  measured change.

Question 17

Travis spends a great deal of time working and trying to establish his career. He is also wondering if he should move in with his girlfriend and about their long-term prospects. Travis is most likely in the ________ period of development.

Accepted Answer

A)  late adolescence 
B)  early adulthood 
C)  middle adulthood 
D)  late adulthood

Question 18

In the nature-nurture issue, nature refers to an organism's ________, nurture to its ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  personality traits; abilities 
B)  attributes; ecological heritage 
C)  biological inheritance; environmental experiences 
D)  acquired traits; heredity

Question 19

According to Paul Baltes, which of the following is true of nonnormative life events?

Accepted Answer

A)  They do not happen to all people. 
B)  They are similar for individuals in a particular age group. 
C)  They do not influence the lives of individual people. 
D)  They are usual occurrences.

Question 20

________ age is an individual's adaptive capacities compared with those of other individuals of the same chronological age.

Accepted Answer

A)  Social 
B)  Psychological 
C)  Physical 
D)  Biological

Exam 1: Introduction