Question 1

Pablo is four months old and is very irritable.He isn't a good sleeper,nor does he eat well,and he is extremely fussy.Any deviation from his normal routine causes him to become inconsolable.According to Thomas and Chess,what kind of temperament does Pablo have?

Accepted Answer

A)  easy 
B)  difficult 
C)  slow-to-warm-up 
D)  unique

Question 2

Farley is trying to work out who he is,and is asking himself soul-searching questions about what really matters to him and what he wants out of life.According to Erikson,what stage of psychosocial development is Farley most likely in?

Accepted Answer

A)  initiative versus guilt 
B)  industry versus inferiority 
C)  intimacy versus isolation 
D)  identity versus role confusion

Question 3

According to Piaget,during which stage of cognitive development do children begin to develop the ability to hold on to ideas in their minds and work with them?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensorimotor 
B)  preoperational 
C)  concrete operational 
D)  formal operational

Question 4

Dr.Tao is conducting a research study examining how the use of social media changes as we get older.She has four groups of participants: Group 1 is age 11-15; Group 2 is age 16-20; Group 3 is age 21-25,and Group 4 is age 26-30.She plans to follow each group for 15 years.What study design is Dr.Tao using?

Accepted Answer

A)  experiment 
B)  longitudinal 
C)  cross-sectional 
D)  cohort-sequential

Question 5

Which do you believe is more important: nature or nurture? Reflect on your own life circumstances and determine whether your genetics or your environment has had a greater impact on who you are today.Provide two examples to support your choice.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which do you believe is more important:...

Question 6

What cultural differences have been observed in studies of moral development?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What cultural differences have been observed in...

Question 7

Yasmine's grandfather used to be able to recall all sorts of random facts.Now that he is slower to do this,Yasmine's mother believes that it is due to the fact that grandpa's brain is shrinking with age.Yasmine,a psychology student,retorts her mother's belief with which piece of evidence?

Accepted Answer

A)  The adult brain from the age of 40 onwards loses significant numbers of neurons each day. 
B)  We are born with all the neurons we will ever have. 
C)  If the brain is shrinking, it is due to water loss or myelin and not loss of neurons. 
D)  New neurons are formed in certain parts of the brain throughout the lifespan.

Question 8

Ava has been reading a book on infant development and has just read that,on average,babies can roll over at 2 months,and sit up alone at 7 months.The more she reads,the more worried she becomes as she realizes that her daughter is achieving these skills at least one month later than the ages listed in the book.What advice would you give Ava?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wait and see. If her daughter develops the skills, it doesn't matter if she is a bit late. 
B)  Her daughter is normal, because the average ages are based only on male babies. 
C)  She needs to take her daughter to a pediatrician right away as her daughter may have a neurological problem. 
D)  Her daughter is developing normally. The age ranges of motor skill development are more important than the averages.

Question 9

Which theory of aging supposes that the more hard-living we expose our bodies to,the sooner our bodies will give out?

Accepted Answer

A)  cellular clock theory 
B)  wear-and-tear theory 
C)  stopwatch theory 
D)  free-radical theory

Question 10

Jennifer is shocked when her doctor deliberately slaps the blanket on either side of her newborn son's head to startle him.If you were Jennifer's birthing coach,what would you tell her to alleviate her concerns?

Accepted Answer

A)  The doctor is testing her baby's hearing. 
B)  The doctor is testing her baby's Babinski reflex. 
C)  The doctor is testing her baby's Moro reflex. 
D)  The doctor is testing her baby's ability to turn away from a moving object.

Question 11

Every now and then,Leoni's mother has the six-year-old stand against the door frame and marks her height to see how much she has grown.Leoni's mother is measuring her ___ development.

Accepted Answer

A)  qualitative 
B)  quantitative 
C)  discontinuous 
D)  continuous

Question 12

Delilah has very little time for her kids.She works two jobs,and when she is home,she just wants to do her own thing and be left alone.Given Delilah's parenting style,how are her children likely to turn out when they grow up?

Accepted Answer

A)  high self-esteem and social maturity 
B)  low self-esteem and aggressive 
C)  anxious and antisocial 
D)  impulsive and low initiative

Question 13

Explain the major difference between the focus of Piaget's theory and that of the Information Processing theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the major difference between the focus...

Question 14

Which of the following is a key advantage that cohort-sequential design has over cross-sectional or longitudinal designs?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is easy and straightforward. 
B)  It is convenient for both researchers and participants. 
C)  It addresses the cohort effect. 
D)  It takes less time.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a secondary sex characteristic?

Accepted Answer

A)  increase in breast size 
B)  larynx enlargement 
C)  growth of the ovaries 
D)  pubic hair growth

Question 16

Which of the following phenomena has been used to estimate whether babies have developed object permanence?

Accepted Answer

A)  conservation 
B)  habituation 
C)  Moro reflex 
D)  reversibility

Question 17

How would a disorganized/disoriented attached infant react in the Strange Situation procedure?

Accepted Answer

A)  The infant would treat the mother as a base and explore the room; the infant would get upset when the mother left but would be happy upon her return. 
B)  The infant would not respond to the mother; the infant would not respond when the mother left or returned. 
C)  The infant would react strongly when the mother left and show mixed emotions when she returns. 
D)  The infant would look dazed and confused when the mother returns.

Question 18

The process of a mentor providing step-by-step assistance to an individual with less expertise is referred to as ___.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process of a mentor providing step-by-step...

Question 19

Which feature of adolescent egocentrism leads the teenager to feel like they're under a microscope being carefully examined and inspected by everyone around them?

Accepted Answer

A)  personal fable 
B)  feelings of uniqueness 
C)  imaginary audience 
D)  belief of invincibility

Question 20

Baby Benjamin will reach out for a toy with his arm,but is NOT yet able to pick it up from the floor with his fingers and hands.Which developmental trend is illustrated by this example?

Accepted Answer

A)  maturational 
B)  cephalocaudal 
C)  proximodistal 
D)  developmental

Exam 4: Human Development