Question 1

Which of the following types of cell junctions are found in skin?

Accepted Answer

A) adherens junctions 
B) tight junctions 
C) desmosomes 
D) hemidesmosomes 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 2

Why do you think the presence of a specific type of keratin, an intermediate filament protein, in the bloodstream or lymph node is an indicator of metastasis of tumor cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Intermediate filaments are only found in tumor cells. 
B) Keratin is only present if its specific cell type is also present. 
C) Intermediate filament proteins cause cells to clump together. 
D) None of the other answer options is correct.

Question 3

Which of the following cytoskeletal elements is capable of assembling and disassembling in the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) microtubules 
B) intermediate filaments 
C) microfilaments 
D) both microtubules and microfilaments

Question 4

A cadherin protein can only bind to:

Accepted Answer

A) another cadherin. 
B) another cadherin of a different type. 
C) the extracellular domain of the same type of cadherin. 
D) the extracellular matrix.

Question 5

A researcher is studying a population of cells that are shaped normally, but appear to slide past one another. This is likely the result of mutations in genes encoding:

Accepted Answer

A) components of the extracellular matrix. 
B) components of cell junctions. 
C) components of the cytoskeleton. 
D) components of microvilli. 
E) components of both the extracellular matrix and cytoskeleton.

Question 6

Which one of the following cytoskeletal elements is associated with supporting the movement of materials inside the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) microtubules 
B) microfilaments 
C) intermediate filaments 
D) both microtubules and microfilaments

Question 7

The cytoskeleton of animal cells includes:

Accepted Answer

A) microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments. 
B) actin, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments. 
C) actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. 
D) tubulin, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments. 
E) microtubules and microfilaments.

Question 8

Macrophage cells undergo a process called phagocytosis in which material is brought into a cell in the form of membrane vesicles and then transported along microtubules toward the cell center. Assuming that the centrosome is near the cell center, you can predict that these vesicles are moving to the _____ end of microtubules using the motor protein _____.

Accepted Answer

A) minus end; kinesin 
B) plus end; kinesin 
C) minus end; dynein 
D) plus end; dynein

Question 9

Which of the following is a FALSE statement about the motor proteins myosin and kinesin?

Accepted Answer

A) They both use ATP. 
B) They both move cargo to the plus end of a cytoskeletal filament. 
C) They both move along microtubules. 
D) None these statements about myosin and kinesin is false.

Question 10

Which one of the following statements about connective tissue is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Connective tissue is very cell dense. 
B) Connective tissue lacks a strong extracellular matrix. 
C) Cells composing connective tissue typically have microvilli. 
D) Connective tissue cells are typically multinucleate. 
E) None of the other answer options is correct.

Question 11

The basal lamina is:

Accepted Answer

A) an area found beneath all connective tissues that helps them adhere to underlying muscle. 
B) a specialized form of the extracellular matrix found beneath all epithelial tissues. 
C) a specialized form of the extracellular matrix found only in the skin. 
D) an area found wherever two different types of tissues meet.

Question 12

The extracellular matrix can influence:

Accepted Answer

A) cell movement. 
B) cell shape. 
C) gene expression. 
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 13

A benign tumor:

Accepted Answer

A) is a mass of rapidly dividing cells. 
B) has clear boundaries encapsulating it and does not invade nearby tissues. 
C) rarely has life-threatening effects unless it is interfering with the function of a vital organ. 
D) has defects in the regulation of cell division.

Question 14

Which of the following CORRECTLY lists components of extracellular matrix found in plants?

Accepted Answer

A) collagen, laminin, and elastin 
B) collagen, lignin, laminin, and pectin 
C) lignin, pectin, and keratin 
D) cellulose, pectin, and lignin

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT found in the extracellular matrix of animal cells?

Accepted Answer

A) cellulose 
B) elastin 
C) collagen 
D) laminin 
E) polysaccharide

Question 16

Which of the following could NOT be a part of the extracellular matrix made by an animal cell?

Accepted Answer

A) collagen 
B) lignin 
C) elastin 
D) laminin

Question 17

What would happen to a cell that depends on flagellar movement if it had no actin?

Accepted Answer

A) The cell would not be able to move because the cilia would also be affected. 
B) The cell would not be able to move. 
C) Nothing; the cell would still be able to move. 
D) The cell would move by cilia and not flagella.

Question 18

A cell's particular shape is largely determined by:

Accepted Answer

A) cytoskeletal protein networks in the cytoplasm. 
B) a mesh of proteins and polysaccharides in the extracellular matrix. 
C) cytosolic proteins that assemble into structures called cell junctions. 
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 19

Which is the CORRECT order from lesser to greater complexity for the following?

Accepted Answer

A) organs, tissues, cells 
B) cells, tissues, organs 
C) tissues, organs, cells 
D) cells, organs, tissues

Question 20

Which of the following statements about intracellular transport is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Kinesin and myosin move substances toward the "plus end" of microtubules and microfilaments, respectively. 
B) Kinesin and myosin move substances toward the "minus end" of microtubules and microfilaments, respectively. 
C) Myosin and kinesin move substances toward the "plus end" of microtubules and microfilaments, respectively. 
D) Myosin and kinesin move substances toward the "minus end" of microtubules and microfilaments, respectively.

Exam 10: Cell and Tissue Architecture: Cytoskeleton, Cell Junctions, and Extracellular Matrix