Question 1

What is the best way to describe the relationship between memory accuracy and memory confidence?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the best way to describe...

Question 2

What are the consequences of misleading post-event information on eyewitness memory?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the consequences of misleading post-event...

Question 3

John Dean's memory for what happened in the Nixon White House during the Watergate scandal was __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  highly accurate 
B)  accurate in the gist 
C)  accurate in the details 
D)  highly inaccurate

Question 4

Which theory of memory and emotion suggests that most memory performance declines at high levels of arousal, except for central information?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Yerkes-Dodson Law 
B)  the Caldorn proposal 
C)  the Ebbinghaus curve 
D)  the Easterbrook hypothesis

Question 5

The weapon focus effect is often reflected in __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  better memory for a perpetrator's face 
B)  worse memory for a perpetrator's face 
C)  exclusive memory for a weapon 
D)  a large number of memory intrusions about a weapon

Question 6

Eyewitness memory reports __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  can be distorted by elaborative processing cues 
B)  usually end up in permastore 
C)  can be distorted by misleading information 
D)  are immune to coercion

Question 7

What effect can question wording have on eyewitness memories?

Accepted Answer

A)  It can alter a memory completely. 
B)  memory reports distorted to be in line with the wording of the question 
C)  causes people to be more cautious and to scrutinize their memories more carefully 
D)  little to no effect

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT the best way to conduct a line-up?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tell the witness the perpetrator might not be present. 
B)  Have a simultaneous line-up. 
C)  Have similar-looking people in the line-up. 
D)  Do not limit the amount of time a witness has to make the identification.

Question 9

What is NOT something that influences memory confidence?

Accepted Answer

A)  telling the witness what other people reported 
B)  having an accurate memory for the event 
C)  providing the witness with feedback about their testimony 
D)  how many times the question is asked

Question 10

What is the Yerkes-Dodson Law concerning memory and emotional arousal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Memory is best at a low level of arousal. 
B)  Memory is best at high levels of arousal. 
C)  Memory does not change with arousal. 
D)  Memory is best at medium levels of arousal.

Question 11

Which of the following will NOT inappropriately inflate eyewitness confidence?

Accepted Answer

A)  repeated questioning 
B)  reporting other witnesses' responses 
C)  reinforcing feedback 
D)  lack of motivation on the part of the witness

Question 12

How can John Dean's memory for the Watergate cover-up be characterized in terms of details and gist?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How can John Dean's memory for the...

Question 13

What are two of the components of the cognitive interview?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are two of the components of...

Question 14

What will repeated requests to answer a question do to eyewitness confidence?

Accepted Answer

A)  increase it 
B)  decrease it 
C)  no effect 
D)  It depends on how many times a witness is asked a question.

Question 15

The Yerkes-Dodson Law states that memory is best under what arousal levels?

Accepted Answer

A)  low 
B)  high 
C)  moderate 
D)  low to moderate

Question 16

What wording element in questions made participants viewing a video more likely to claim they witnessed something?

Accepted Answer

A)  possessive pronoun 
B) definite article 
C)  indefinite article 
D)  first person phrasing

Question 17

According to a source monitoring explanation of eyewitness errors following misleading post-event information, __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  people are only remembering the source information 
B)  people are not able to remember the source information 
C)  source information is exchanged among related memory traces 
D)  source information becomes a hypermnesic criterion

Question 18

Which theory of eyewitness memory suggests that the effect of misleading post-event information is the result in a loss of information in the memory trace?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which theory of eyewitness memory suggests that...

Question 19

When a person becomes highly aroused while witnessing some event like an accident or a crime, memory is likely to be __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  better for central details and worse for peripheral details 
B)  worse for central details and better for peripheral details 
C)  better for both central and peripheral details 
D)  worse for both central and peripheral details

Question 20

The idea that, with misleading post-event information, the original memory trace is replaced and permanently lost is supported by __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  input discrimination 
B)  chance performance on second guesses 
C)  response-biases 
D)  signal detection analyses

Exam 13: Memory and the Law