Question 1

Explain the effect of gender on decision making.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the effect of gender on decision...

Question 2

The tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making judgments about the behavior of others is known as the randomness error.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Stereotyping helps individuals make quick decision through generalizations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of internally caused behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  An employee was late for a team meeting because of a heavy downpour. 
B)  An employee was laid off because the company was attempting to cut costs by laying off employees. 
C)  An employee was fired from work because he violated a company policy. 
D)  An employee could not attend an interview because of a delayed flight. 
E)  An employee could not come to work because he met with an accident.

Question 5

Danielle Gilbert, a regional manager at an insurance firm in New Jersey, is known in her office to be characterized by an overconfidence and self-serving bias. Explain with the help of examples how Gilbert's work and interpersonal relations is most likely to be in her workplace.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Danielle Gilbert, a regional manager at an...

Question 6

Naomi Fisher, a sales manager at Pure, a water purifier company, had a new member, Leah Marshall join her team. Though during Leah's interview, Naomi felt she would be a productive sales executive, her performance has often been below the mark. Consistently in the past three months, Leah has been unable to reach her targets and is falling substantially behind on her annual targets. Naomi assumes that Leah is not determined and motivated enough to do what it takes. Which of the following, if true, weakens Naomi's assumption?

Accepted Answer

A)  Leah has often arrived late for team meetings conducted in the morning. 
B)  Leah has been assigned a sales territory where consumers are from low income groups. 
C)  Leah has good interpersonal skills and gets along well with her customers. 
D)  Research showed that the company's largest competitor had a lower turnover than they did. 
E)  Naomi recently received feedback from other team members that Leah is often uncooperative.

Question 7

Which of the following terms best describes the tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making judgments about the behavior of others?

Accepted Answer

A)  fundamental attribution error 
B)  bandwagon effect 
C)  contrast effect 
D)  emotional dissonance 
E)  self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 8

Judging someone on the basis of one's perception of the group to which the person belongs is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  confirmation bias 
B)  stereotyping 
C)  framing effect 
D)  self-serving bias 
E)  bandwagon effect

Question 9

________ bias refers to the tendency for people to base their judgments on information that is easily accessible.

Accepted Answer

A)  Anchoring 
B)  Availability 
C)  Overconfidence 
D)  Confirmation 
E)  Hindsight

Question 10

Johanna Murray, a climate campaigner at The National Footprint Foundation, is known in her organization to be a campaigner of caliber and high performance. She has strong networks with the ministry of environment and allies with several environmental organizations in the country. Over the years, she has gained substantial knowledge on the issue of climate change. However, recently when she was asked by her manager to prepare a consolidated report on a conference she attended on climate change, it reflected major loopholes and limited information from the conference. Which of the following, if true, substantiates that Johanna had an anchoring bias?

Accepted Answer

A)  Johanna was moved by the arguments put forth by the first speaker. 
B)  Johanna participated actively in the interactive session conducted at the end. 
C)  The speakers at the conference consisted of renowned environmental scientists and activists. 
D)  Johanna has attended several conferences where the panel consisted of eminent scientists. 
E)  Johanna was shocked by the startling facts shown during the concluding session.

Question 11

What is the first step in the rational decision-making model?

Accepted Answer

A)  developing alternatives 
B)  defining the problem 
C)  identifying the decision criteria 
D)  weighing the decision criteria 
E)  evaluating the alternatives

Question 12

Which of the following is a decision-making model that describes how individuals should behave in order to maximize some outcome?

Accepted Answer

A)  rational decision-making model 
B)  flexible decision-making model 
C)  distributive decision-making model 
D)  associative decision-making model 
E)  integrative decision-making model

Question 13

Which of the following terms refers to choices made from among two or more alternatives?

Accepted Answer

A)  inquiry 
B)  decision 
C)  perception 
D)  intuition 
E)  rationalization

Question 14

Harriet Kirby, a fund raising manager at a women's rights organization, experienced a bad incident last year with the public relations manager of a banking company who had committed to sponsor a charity event. The bank backed out at the last minute. This year, when a renowned international bank executive showed interest in sponsoring the organization's upcoming annual event, Kirby rejected their participation. She felt that banks have a casual approach toward charity events, and it is risky to involve them in the event. Which of the following is Kirby most likely to be characterized by?

Accepted Answer

A)  selective perception 
B)  cognitive dissonance 
C)  self-serving bias 
D)  bandwagon effect 
E)  self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 15

Women are more likely than men to overanalyze problems before making a decision and to rehash a decision once made.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

David Myers is of the opinion that people who drive SUVs are rash drivers. He feels that people driving SUVs do not respect road rules and always violate traffic regulations. What personal factor is most likely to be affecting Myers' perception of SUV drivers?

Accepted Answer

A)  his financial background 
B)  his expectations 
C)  his interest 
D)  his motive 
E)  his personality

Question 17

Anchoring bias occurs because our mind appears to give a disproportionate amount of emphasis to the first information it receives.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

According to the attribution theory, ________ is one the three main factors which attempts to determine an individual's behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  distinctiveness 
B)  perverseness 
C)  flexibleness 
D)  resilience 
E)  timorousness

Question 19

The tendency to believe falsely, after an outcome of an event is actually known, that one would have accurately predicted that outcome is known as a(n) ________ bias.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-serving 
B)  confirmation 
C)  impact 
D)  hindsight 
E)  anchoring

Question 20

The tendency to draw a general impression about an individual on the basis of a single characteristic is known as the contrast effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 6: Perception and Individual Decision Making

Explain the effect of gender on decision making.

The tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making judgments about the behavior of others is known as the randomness error.

Stereotyping helps individuals make quick decision through generalizations.

Which of the following is an example of internally caused behavior?

Danielle Gilbert, a regional manager at an insurance firm in New Jersey, is known in her office to be characterized by an overconfidence and self-serving bias. Explain with the help of examples how Gilbert's work and interpersonal relations is most likely to be in her workplace.

Which of the following terms best describes the tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making judgments about the behavior of others?

Judging someone on the basis of one's perception of the group to which the person belongs is called ________.

________ bias refers to the tendency for people to base their judgments on information that is easily accessible.

What is the first step in the rational decision-making model?

Which of the following is a decision-making model that describes how individuals should behave in order to maximize some outcome?

Which of the following terms refers to choices made from among two or more alternatives?

Women are more likely than men to overanalyze problems before making a decision and to rehash a decision once made.

David Myers is of the opinion that people who drive SUVs are rash drivers. He feels that people driving SUVs do not respect road rules and always violate traffic regulations. What personal factor is most likely to be affecting Myers' perception of SUV drivers?

Anchoring bias occurs because our mind appears to give a disproportionate amount of emphasis to the first information it receives.

According to the attribution theory, ________ is one the three main factors which attempts to determine an individual's behavior.

The tendency to believe falsely, after an outcome of an event is actually known, that one would have accurately predicted that outcome is known as a(n) ________ bias.

The tendency to draw a general impression about an individual on the basis of a single characteristic is known as the contrast effect.