Question 1

When seawater evaporates, its sodium and chlorine are electronically attracted to one another and crystallize into ___.

Accepted Answer

A)  quartz 
B)  halite 
C)  clay 
D)  calcite 
E)  hematite 
A)  quartz 
B)  halite 
C)  clay 
D)  calcite 
E)  hematite

Question 2

The number of neutrons in an atom controls the chemical behavior of an element.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Calcite has ___ direction of cleavage.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  6 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  6

Question 4

____ elements make up 98% of the Earth's crust.

Accepted Answer

A)  Fourteen 
B)  Ninety-two 
C)  Two 
D)  Twenty 
E)  Eight 
A)  Fourteen 
B)  Ninety-two 
C)  Two 
D)  Twenty 
E)  Eight

Question 5

Color is the least reliable physical property in mineral identification.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Two examples of framework silicates are _____ and ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  calcite; dolomite 
B)  olivine; pyroxene 
C)  quartz; feldspar 
D)  biotite; muscovite 
E)  amphibole; olivine 
A)  calcite; dolomite 
B)  olivine; pyroxene 
C)  quartz; feldspar 
D)  biotite; muscovite 
E)  amphibole; olivine

Question 7

All of the most common rock-forming minerals in Earth's crust are silicate minerals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

_______ are the smallest electrically neutral assemblies of matter and energy that we know of in the universe.

Accepted Answer

A)  Isotopes 
B)  Atoms 
C)  Ions 
D)  Electrons 
E)  Protons 
A)  Isotopes 
B)  Atoms 
C)  Ions 
D)  Electrons 
E)  Protons

Question 9

The mineral ___ is an example of a native element.

Accepted Answer

A)  quartz 
B)  feldspar 
C)  calcite 
D)  graphite 
E)  halite 
A)  quartz 
B)  feldspar 
C)  calcite 
D)  graphite 
E)  halite

Question 10

Diamond has no cleavage.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The atomic mass number of an atom is the total number of ___ in the atom.

Accepted Answer

A)  electrons 
B)  neutrons 
C)  protons 
D)  protons and neutrons 
E)  protons, neutrons, and electrons 
A)  electrons 
B)  neutrons 
C)  protons 
D)  protons and neutrons 
E)  protons, neutrons, and electrons

Question 12

Calcite (calcium carbonate) is the most common non-silicate mineral in the Earth's crust.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A silica tetrahedron is composed of four atoms of the element ___ and one atom of __.

Accepted Answer

A)  silicon; aluminum 
B)  silicon; oxygen 
C)  silicon; iron 
D)  oxygen; silicon 
E)  aluminum; silicon 
A)  silicon; aluminum 
B)  silicon; oxygen 
C)  silicon; iron 
D)  oxygen; silicon 
E)  aluminum; silicon

Question 14

The _____ group and the ___ group are sheet silicates characterized by one direction of cleavage.

Accepted Answer

A)  amphibole; pyroxene 
B)  feldspar; quartz 
C)  olivine; plagioclase 
D)  mica; clay 
E)  carbonate; sulfide 
A)  amphibole; pyroxene 
B)  feldspar; quartz 
C)  olivine; plagioclase 
D)  mica; clay 
E)  carbonate; sulfide

Question 15

What is the special property of the mineral halite?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has 5 directions of cleavage. 
B)  It has a hardness of -3. 
C)  It can transmit electricity. 
D)  It tastes like salt. 
E)  It has an extremely high melting temperature. 
A)  It has 5 directions of cleavage. 
B)  It has a hardness of -3. 
C)  It can transmit electricity. 
D)  It tastes like salt. 
E)  It has an extremely high melting temperature.

Question 16

On Mohs' scale of hardness your fingernail has a value of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  12 
B)  5 
C)  2½ 
D)  6½ 
E)  9 
A)  12 
B)  5 
C)  2½ 
D)  6½ 
E)  9

Question 17

The crystal form of a mineral is a set of faces that have a definite geometric relationship to one another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The ______ group of minerals is characterized by two parallel chains of silica tetrahedra in their structure.

Accepted Answer

A)  amphibole 
B)  feldspar 
C)  olivine 
D)  pyroxene 
E)  mica (biotite, muscovite, etc.) 
A)  amphibole 
B)  feldspar 
C)  olivine 
D)  pyroxene 
E)  mica (biotite, muscovite, etc.)

Question 19

The most common minerals in the Earth's crust are the _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  silicates 
B)  carbonates 
C)  halides 
D)  sulfides 
E)  sulfates 
A)  silicates 
B)  carbonates 
C)  halides 
D)  sulfides 
E)  sulfates

Question 20

_______ of an element are atoms containing different numbers of neutrons but the same number of protons.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ions 
B)  Classes 
C)  Particles 
D)  Isotopes 
E)  Varieties 
A)  Ions 
B)  Classes 
C)  Particles 
D)  Isotopes 
E)  Varieties

Exam 2: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals

When seawater evaporates, its sodium and chlorine are electronically attracted to one another and crystallize into ___.

The number of neutrons in an atom controls the chemical behavior of an element.

Calcite has ___ direction of cleavage.

____ elements make up 98% of the Earth's crust.

Color is the least reliable physical property in mineral identification.

Two examples of framework silicates are _____ and ______.

All of the most common rock-forming minerals in Earth's crust are silicate minerals.

_______ are the smallest electrically neutral assemblies of matter and energy that we know of in the universe.

The mineral ___ is an example of a native element.

Diamond has no cleavage.

The atomic mass number of an atom is the total number of ___ in the atom.

Calcite (calcium carbonate) is the most common non-silicate mineral in the Earth's crust.

A silica tetrahedron is composed of four atoms of the element ___ and one atom of __.

The _____ group and the ___ group are sheet silicates characterized by one direction of cleavage.

What is the special property of the mineral halite?

On Mohs' scale of hardness your fingernail has a value of ____.

The crystal form of a mineral is a set of faces that have a definite geometric relationship to one another.

The ______ group of minerals is characterized by two parallel chains of silica tetrahedra in their structure.

The most common minerals in the Earth's crust are the _______.

_______ of an element are atoms containing different numbers of neutrons but the same number of protons.

Introducing Geology, the Essentials of Plate Tectonics, and Other Important Concepts

Igneous Rocks, Intrusive Activity, and the Origin of Igneous Rocks

Volcanism and Extrusive Rocks

Weathering and Soil

Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism, Metamorphic Rocks, and Hydrothermal Rocks

Time and Geology

Mass Wasting

Streams and Floods

Ground Water

Glaciers and Glaciation

Deserts and Wind Action

Waves, Beaches, and Coasts

Geologic Structures

Earthquakes

Earths Interior and Geophysical Properties

The Sea Floor

Plate Tectonics

Mountain Belts and the Continental Crust

Climate Change

Resources

The Earths Companions

Filters

Two examples of framework silicates are _ and __.

A silica tetrahedron is composed of four atoms of the element _ and one atom of .

The ___ group and the _ group are sheet silicates characterized by one direction of cleavage.