Question 1

A chemical agent that kills pathogenic microbes in general is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  sanitizer. 
B)  germicide. 
C)  disinfectant. 
D)  fungicide. 
E)  antiseptic. 
A)  sanitizer. 
B)  germicide. 
C)  disinfectant. 
D)  fungicide. 
E)  antiseptic. B

Question 2

Heavy metal and oxidizing agent disinfectants damage __________, interfering with microbial metabolism.

Accepted Answer

proteins

Question 3

The phenol coefficient is one of the most widely used measurements of an antimicrobial agent's effectiveness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Ultraviolet light penetrates __________ effectively than gamma rays.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ultraviolet light penetrates __________ effectively than gamma...

Question 5

Elements such as iodine, chlorine, and bromine are examples of __________, which are the basis for many effective antimicrobial agents.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Elements such as iodine, chlorine, and bromine...

Question 6

Which of the following can be used to disinfect air?

Accepted Answer

A)  HEPA filters 
B)  ethylene oxide 
C)  ultraviolet light 
D)  both HEPA filters and ultraviolet light 
E)  both ethylene oxide and ultraviolet light 
A)  HEPA filters 
B)  ethylene oxide 
C)  ultraviolet light 
D)  both HEPA filters and ultraviolet light 
E)  both ethylene oxide and ultraviolet light

Question 7

The decimal reduction time is the time required to kill all the microbes in a given sample.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Seventy percent alcohol is effective against

Accepted Answer

A)  enveloped viruses. 
B)  nonenveloped viruses. 
C)  bacterial endospores. 
D)  protozoan cysts. 
E)  prions. 
A)  enveloped viruses. 
B)  nonenveloped viruses. 
C)  bacterial endospores. 
D)  protozoan cysts. 
E)  prions.

Question 9

The lowest temperature that kills all cells in a broth in 10 minutes is knows as the __________ death point.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The lowest temperature that kills all cells...

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT an effective means of sterilization?

Accepted Answer

A)  ionizing radiation 
B)  incineration 
C)  lyophilization 
D)  autoclaving 
E)  dry heat 
A)  ionizing radiation 
B)  incineration 
C)  lyophilization 
D)  autoclaving 
E)  dry heat

Question 11

Some viruses are inactivated by the same chemical or physical agents that damage cytoplasmic membranes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following is a sterilizing agent?

Accepted Answer

A)  ozone 
B)  hydrogen peroxide 
C)  peracetic acid 
D)  dish soap 
E)  ozone and hydrogen peroxide 
A)  ozone 
B)  hydrogen peroxide 
C)  peracetic acid 
D)  dish soap 
E)  ozone and hydrogen peroxide

Question 13

Lysol is an example of which of the following groups of chemical antimicrobial agents?

Accepted Answer

A)  halogens 
B)  phenolics 
C)  alcohols 
D)  aldehydes 
E)  surfactants 
A)  halogens 
B)  phenolics 
C)  alcohols 
D)  aldehydes 
E)  surfactants

Question 14

Which of the following is the most appropriate pairing of microbe and biosafety level?

Accepted Answer

A)  E. coli, BSL-3 
B)  anthrax, BSL-1 
C)  Ebola, BSL-2 
D)  methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRS
A) , BSL-2 
E)  tuberculosis, BSL-1 
A)  E. coli, BSL-3 
B)  anthrax, BSL-1 
C)  Ebola, BSL-2 
D)  methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRS
A) , BSL-2 
E)  tuberculosis, BSL-1

Question 15

Some sterilization procedures do not kill all the microbes that may be present. Explain how these procedures can still be considered sterilization.

Accepted Answer

Theoretically, sterilization is the comp

Question 16

A student is shopping for antibacterial hand cleansers and is trying to decide which one to buy. One is a "waterless" hand gel containing 70% isopropanol, the second is an "antibacterial" hand soap containing triclosan (a phenolic), and the third is a wipe that lists benzethonium chloride (a synthetic quaternary ammonium salt) as the active ingredient. Compare and contrast these cleansers in terms of the action of the antimicrobial ingredient and the level of disinfection (degerming, germistatic, germicidal).

Accepted Answer

All three are germicidal, although not a

Question 17

Which of the following statements about aldehydes is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are used only to preserve dead tissues. 
B)  They denature proteins. 
C)  Some aldehydes can sterilize after long periods of exposure. 
D)  They are usually hazardous to humans. 
E)  They are used in aqueous solutions. 
A)  They are used only to preserve dead tissues. 
B)  They denature proteins. 
C)  Some aldehydes can sterilize after long periods of exposure. 
D)  They are usually hazardous to humans. 
E)  They are used in aqueous solutions.

Question 18

Which of the following is a target of pasteurization?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacillus stearothermophilus 
B)  Clostridium botulinum 
C)  Neisseria gonorrhoeae 
D)  Chlamydia trachomatis 
E)  Brucella melitensis 
A)  Bacillus stearothermophilus 
B)  Clostridium botulinum 
C)  Neisseria gonorrhoeae 
D)  Chlamydia trachomatis 
E)  Brucella melitensis

Question 19

Which of the following describes flash pasteurization?

Accepted Answer

A)  heating at 63°C for 30 minutes 
B)  heating at 72°C for 15 seconds 
C)  heating at 72°C for 15 minutes 
D)  heating at 134°C for one second 
E)  passing liquid through steam at 140°C 
A)  heating at 63°C for 30 minutes 
B)  heating at 72°C for 15 seconds 
C)  heating at 72°C for 15 minutes 
D)  heating at 134°C for one second 
E)  passing liquid through steam at 140°C

Question 20

Which of the following antimicrobial agents is the most toxic to humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  70% alcohol 
B)  ethylene oxide 
C)  quats 
D)  chloramines 
E)  iodophors 
A)  70% alcohol 
B)  ethylene oxide 
C)  quats 
D)  chloramines 
E)  iodophors

Exam 9: Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

A chemical agent that kills pathogenic microbes in general is a(n)

Heavy metal and oxidizing agent disinfectants damage __________, interfering with microbial metabolism.

The phenol coefficient is one of the most widely used measurements of an antimicrobial agent's effectiveness.

Ultraviolet light penetrates __________ effectively than gamma rays.

Elements such as iodine, chlorine, and bromine are examples of __________, which are the basis for many effective antimicrobial agents.

Which of the following can be used to disinfect air?

The decimal reduction time is the time required to kill all the microbes in a given sample.

Seventy percent alcohol is effective against

The lowest temperature that kills all cells in a broth in 10 minutes is knows as the __________ death point.

Which of the following is NOT an effective means of sterilization?

Some viruses are inactivated by the same chemical or physical agents that damage cytoplasmic membranes.

Which of the following is a sterilizing agent?

Lysol is an example of which of the following groups of chemical antimicrobial agents?

Which of the following is the most appropriate pairing of microbe and biosafety level?

Some sterilization procedures do not kill all the microbes that may be present. Explain how these procedures can still be considered sterilization.

Which of the following statements about aldehydes is FALSE?

Which of the following is a target of pasteurization?

Which of the following describes flash pasteurization?

Which of the following antimicrobial agents is the most toxic to humans?

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Genetics

Recombinant Dna Technology

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Aids and Other Immune Disorders

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Wounds

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System and Eyes

Microbial Cardiovascular and Systemic Diseases

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Applied and Environmental Microbiology

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