Question 1

The capacity of an organism to produce a toxin is called __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The capacity of an organism to produce...

Question 2

Inanimate materials involved in pathogen transmission are called reservoirs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Many bacteria are pathogenic because they carry large segments of DNA called __________ _________,which were acquired by horizontal gene transfer,and which carry genes responsible for virulence.

Accepted Answer

pathogenic

Question 4

Virulence may be measured experimentally at the host level by the __________ __________ __________,which measures the number of pathogens that kills 50% of an experimental group of hosts within a specified amount of time.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Virulence may be measured experimentally at the...

Question 5

Endotoxins include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) diphtheria toxin 
B) lipopolysaccharide 
C) tetanus toxin 
D) botulinum toxin 
A) diphtheria toxin 
B) lipopolysaccharide 
C) tetanus toxin 
D) botulinum toxin

Question 6

An organism other than a human that is infected with a parasitic organism that can also infect humans is called a(n)________ host.

Accepted Answer

A) reservoir. 
B) endoparasite. 
C) transfer. 
D) intermediate. 
A) reservoir. 
B) endoparasite. 
C) transfer. 
D) intermediate.

Question 7

Macrophages are phagocytic cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The characteristics of a pathogen that determine its virulence include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) pathogenicity 
B) invasiveness 
C) infectivity 
D) all of the choices 
A) pathogenicity 
B) invasiveness 
C) infectivity 
D) all of the choices

Question 9

Matching
1)Reservoir
2)Fomite
3)Opportunistic
4)Nosocomial
A.Does not harm a healthy host.
B.Develops during a hospital stay.
C.Site where the pathogen normally resides.
D.Inanimate object that may be involved in transmission.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching
1)Reservoir
2)Fomite
3)Opportunistic
4)Nosocomial
A.Does not harm a healthy host.
B.Develops during...

Question 10

Matching
1)Latent
2)Antitoxin
3)Opportunistic
4)Localized
A.Requires weakened immune system.
B.Organisms present in tissue for long periods of time.
C.Not general infection.
D.A neutralizing antibody.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching
1)Latent
2)Antitoxin
3)Opportunistic
4)Localized
A.Requires weakened immune system.
B.Organisms present in tissue...

Question 11

Which of the following is not a characteristic of lipid A?

Accepted Answer

A) heat stable. 
B) toxic in nanogram amounts. 
C) weakly immunogenic. 
D) neurotoxic. 
A) heat stable. 
B) toxic in nanogram amounts. 
C) weakly immunogenic. 
D) neurotoxic.

Question 12

A ________________ infection is a disease caused by a parasitic organism that is normally found in animals other than humans.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A ________________ infection is a disease caused...

Question 13

Many types of bacteria are only _________ when dispersing from more stable and heterogeneous communities known as biofilms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many types of bacteria are only _________...

Question 14

Which of the following is required of a pathogen to possess in order for it to be successful at causing infectious disease?

Accepted Answer

A) Initially be transported to the host. 
B) Be able to exit the host. 
C) Ability to adhere to,colonize,or invade the host. 
D) Ability to damage the host. 
E) All of the choices. 
A) Initially be transported to the host. 
B) Be able to exit the host. 
C) Ability to adhere to,colonize,or invade the host. 
D) Ability to damage the host. 
E) All of the choices.

Question 15

Exotoxins can be denatured by iodine to form __________ which are useful in vaccines.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Exotoxins can be denatured by iodine to...

Question 16

Generally,exotoxins tend to be more heat stable than endotoxins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following is a facultative intracellular pathogen?

Accepted Answer

A) Viruses 
B) Brucella abortus 
C) Rickettsia 
D) All of the choices 
A) Viruses 
B) Brucella abortus 
C) Rickettsia 
D) All of the choices

Question 18

The condition in the host that results from pathogenic parasitic organism growing and multiplying within or on the host is called

Accepted Answer

A) an infection. 
B) an infectious disease. 
C) pathogenesis. 
D) all of these. 
A) an infection. 
B) an infectious disease. 
C) pathogenesis. 
D) all of these.

Question 19

An inanimate object that may be contaminated with a pathogen is called a

Accepted Answer

A) vector. 
B) fomite. 
C) zoonoses. 
D) none of the choices 
A) vector. 
B) fomite. 
C) zoonoses. 
D) none of the choices

Question 20

The final outcome of most host-parasite relationships depends on

Accepted Answer

A) the number of organisms present in or on the host. 
B) the virulence of the organism. 
C) the host's defenses. 
D) all of the choices 
A) the number of organisms present in or on the host. 
B) the virulence of the organism. 
C) the host's defenses. 
D) all of the choices

Exam 35: Pathogenicity and Infection

The capacity of an organism to produce a toxin is called __________.

Inanimate materials involved in pathogen transmission are called reservoirs.

Many bacteria are pathogenic because they carry large segments of DNA called __________ _________,which were acquired by horizontal gene transfer,and which carry genes responsible for virulence.

Virulence may be measured experimentally at the host level by the __________ __________ __________,which measures the number of pathogens that kills 50% of an experimental group of hosts within a specified amount of time.

Endotoxins include which of the following?

An organism other than a human that is infected with a parasitic organism that can also infect humans is called a(n)________ host.

Macrophages are phagocytic cells.

The characteristics of a pathogen that determine its virulence include which of the following?

Matching 1)Reservoir 2)Fomite 3)Opportunistic 4)Nosocomial A.Does not harm a healthy host. B.Develops during a hospital stay. C.Site where the pathogen normally resides. D.Inanimate object that may be involved in transmission.

Matching 1)Latent 2)Antitoxin 3)Opportunistic 4)Localized A.Requires weakened immune system. B.Organisms present in tissue for long periods of time. C.Not general infection. D.A neutralizing antibody.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of lipid A?

A ________________ infection is a disease caused by a parasitic organism that is normally found in animals other than humans.

Many types of bacteria are only _________ when dispersing from more stable and heterogeneous communities known as biofilms.

Which of the following is required of a pathogen to possess in order for it to be successful at causing infectious disease?

Exotoxins can be denatured by iodine to form __________ which are useful in vaccines.

Generally,exotoxins tend to be more heat stable than endotoxins.

Which of the following is a facultative intracellular pathogen?

The condition in the host that results from pathogenic parasitic organism growing and multiplying within or on the host is called

An inanimate object that may be contaminated with a pathogen is called a

The final outcome of most host-parasite relationships depends on

The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

Microscopy

Bacterial Cell Structure

Archaeal Cell Structure

Eukaryotic Cell Structure

Viruses and Other Acellular Infectious Agents

Microbial Growth

Control of Microorganisms in the Environment

Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Introduction to Metabolism

Catabolism: Energy Release and Conservation

Anabolism: the Use of Energy in Biosynthesis

Bacterial Genome Replication and Expression

Regulation of Bacterial Cellular Processes

Eukaryotic and Archaeal Genome Replication and Expression

Mechanisms of Genetic Variation

Recombinant Dna Technology

Microbial Genomics

Microbial Taxonomy and the Evolution of Diversity

The Archaea

The Deinococci,mollicutes,and Nonproteobacterial Gram-Negative Bacteria

The Proteobacteria

Firmicutes: the Low G 1 C Gram-Positive Bacteria

Actinobacteria: the High G 1 C Gram-Positive Bacteria

The Protists

The Fungi Eumycota

Viruses

Biogeochemical Cycling and Global Climate Change

Methods in Microbial Ecology

Microorganisms in Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems

Microorganisms in Terrestrial Ecosystems

Microbial Interactions

Innate Host Resistance

Adaptive Immunity

Clinical Microbiology and Immunology

Epidemiology and Public Health Microbiology

Human Diseases Caused by Viruses and Prions

Human Diseases Caused by Bacteria

Human Diseases Caused by Fungi and Protists

Microbiology of Food

Biotechnology and Industrial Microbiology

Applied Environmental Microbiology

Filters

Many bacteria are pathogenic because they carry large segments of DNA called __ _,which were acquired by horizontal gene transfer,and which carry genes responsible for virulence.

Virulence may be measured experimentally at the host level by the __,which measures the number of pathogens that kills 50% of an experimental group of hosts within a specified amount of time.