Question 1

What is the function of peritubular capillaries?

Accepted Answer

A)  Supply blood to the nephron 
B)  Supply blood to the renal cortex 
C)  Pick up water and solutes reabsorbed by the renal tubules 
D)  Form the glomerulus 
A)  Supply blood to the nephron 
B)  Supply blood to the renal cortex 
C)  Pick up water and solutes reabsorbed by the renal tubules 
D)  Form the glomerulus C

Question 2

Which of the following is an effect of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased secretion of aldosterone 
B)  Increased secretion of antidiuretic hormone 
C)  Decreased urine output 
D)  Decreased blood pressure 
A)  Increased secretion of aldosterone 
B)  Increased secretion of antidiuretic hormone 
C)  Decreased urine output 
D)  Decreased blood pressure D

Question 3

What is the most likely cause of protein in urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  High pressure within the glomerulus 
B)  Damaged glomerular capillaries 
C)  High-protein diet 
D)  Protein is a normal finding in urine 
A)  High pressure within the glomerulus 
B)  Damaged glomerular capillaries 
C)  High-protein diet 
D)  Protein is a normal finding in urine B

Question 4

Drugs called ____________________ are administered to increase urine volume.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Drugs called ____________________ are administered to increase...

Question 5

Match each renal structure with its location or function.
a.renal cortex
f.ureter
b.renal medulla
g.major calyx
c.renal pyramids
h.minor calyx
d.renal columns
i.hilum
e.renal pelvis
-The outer region of the kidney

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each renal structure with its location...

Question 6

How does high blood pressure damage kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A)  High blood pressure drives filtrate formation at an accelerated rate, which wears out the glomerulus. 
B)  The kidneys must work against high blood pressures to excrete filtrate, which places a strain on the glomerulus. 
C)  High blood pressure damages the endothelium of glomerular capillaries. 
D)  High blood pressure increases pressure within the glomerulus, causing glomerular capillaries to burst. 
A)  High blood pressure drives filtrate formation at an accelerated rate, which wears out the glomerulus. 
B)  The kidneys must work against high blood pressures to excrete filtrate, which places a strain on the glomerulus. 
C)  High blood pressure damages the endothelium of glomerular capillaries. 
D)  High blood pressure increases pressure within the glomerulus, causing glomerular capillaries to burst.

Question 7

Which of the following correctly describes the flow of filtrate as it leaves Bowman's capsule?

Accepted Answer

A)  Collecting duct, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule 
B)  Loop of Henle, proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct 
C)  Proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct 
D)  Distal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, collecting duct, proximal convoluted tubule 
A)  Collecting duct, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule 
B)  Loop of Henle, proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct 
C)  Proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct 
D)  Distal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, collecting duct, proximal convoluted tubule

Question 8

Which of the following would trigger the secretion of aldosterone?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased blood levels of sodium 
B)  Decreased blood levels of sodium 
C)  Decreased blood levels of potassium 
D)  Increased blood levels of uric acid 
A)  Increased blood levels of sodium 
B)  Decreased blood levels of sodium 
C)  Decreased blood levels of potassium 
D)  Increased blood levels of uric acid

Question 9

Match each renal structure with its location or function.
a.renal cortex
f.ureter
b.renal medulla
g.major calyx
c.renal pyramids
h.minor calyx
d.renal columns
i.hilum
e.renal pelvis
-The inner region of the kidney

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each renal structure with its location...

Question 10

Which of the following is not normally found in urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ammonia 
B)  Glucose 
C)  Uric acid 
D)  Sodium 
A)  Ammonia 
B)  Glucose 
C)  Uric acid 
D)  Sodium

Question 11

Most of the calcium, iron, and thyroid hormone in the blood are bound to ____________________, which keeps them from being filtered out of the blood in the glomerulus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most of the calcium, iron, and thyroid...

Question 12

What substance is filtered by the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)  Urine 
B)  Intracellular fluid 
C)  Blood 
D)  Tissue fluid 
A)  Urine 
B)  Intracellular fluid 
C)  Blood 
D)  Tissue fluid

Question 13

The process whereby chemicals are added to the filtrate is called ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process whereby chemicals are added to...

Question 14

A decline in blood pressure causes juxtaglomerular cells to secrete

Accepted Answer

A)  renin. 
B)  angiotensinogen 
C)  angiotensin. 
D)  aldosterone. 
A)  renin. 
B)  angiotensinogen 
C)  angiotensin. 
D)  aldosterone.

Question 15

Match each renal structure with its location or function.
a.renal cortex
f.ureter
b.renal medulla
g.major calyx
c.renal pyramids
h.minor calyx
d.renal columns
i.hilum
e.renal pelvis
-Structure that becomes the ureter

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each renal structure with its location...

Question 16

The micturition center is located in the

Accepted Answer

A)  medulla. 
B)  cerebrum. 
C)  pons. 
D)  amygdala. 
A)  medulla. 
B)  cerebrum. 
C)  pons. 
D)  amygdala.

Question 17

Which portion of the kidneys plays a role in acid-base balance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proximal convoluted tubules 
B)  Glomerulus 
C)  Loop of Henle 
D)  Distal convoluted tubule 
A)  Proximal convoluted tubules 
B)  Glomerulus 
C)  Loop of Henle 
D)  Distal convoluted tubule

Question 18

Where are the renal corpuscles of the nephrons located?

Accepted Answer

A)  In the kidney's outer region, where they extend between the cortex and the medulla 
B)  In the kidney's inner region, where they extend into the renal pelvis 
C)  In the renal pyramids 
D)  In the major calyx 
A)  In the kidney's outer region, where they extend between the cortex and the medulla 
B)  In the kidney's inner region, where they extend into the renal pelvis 
C)  In the renal pyramids 
D)  In the major calyx

Question 19

What occurs in the descending limb of the loop of Henle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sodium and chloride are actively pumped out. 
B)  Sodium and chloride diffuse out. 
C)  Water diffuses out. 
D)  Water is actively pumped out. 
A)  Sodium and chloride are actively pumped out. 
B)  Sodium and chloride diffuse out. 
C)  Water diffuses out. 
D)  Water is actively pumped out.

Question 20

What factor drives filtration in the glomerulus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Energy from ATP 
B)  Energy from glucose 
C)  Diffusion 
D)  A pressure gradient 
A)  Energy from ATP 
B)  Energy from glucose 
C)  Diffusion 
D)  A pressure gradient

Exam 18: Urinary System

What is the function of peritubular capillaries?

Which of the following is an effect of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)?

What is the most likely cause of protein in urine?

Drugs called ____________________ are administered to increase urine volume.

Match each renal structure with its location or function. a.renal cortex f.ureter b.renal medulla g.major calyx c.renal pyramids h.minor calyx d.renal columns i.hilum e.renal pelvis -The outer region of the kidney

How does high blood pressure damage kidneys?

Which of the following correctly describes the flow of filtrate as it leaves Bowman's capsule?

Which of the following would trigger the secretion of aldosterone?

Match each renal structure with its location or function. a.renal cortex f.ureter b.renal medulla g.major calyx c.renal pyramids h.minor calyx d.renal columns i.hilum e.renal pelvis -The inner region of the kidney

Which of the following is not normally found in urine?

Most of the calcium, iron, and thyroid hormone in the blood are bound to ____________________, which keeps them from being filtered out of the blood in the glomerulus.

What substance is filtered by the kidney?

The process whereby chemicals are added to the filtrate is called ____________________.

A decline in blood pressure causes juxtaglomerular cells to secrete

Match each renal structure with its location or function. a.renal cortex f.ureter b.renal medulla g.major calyx c.renal pyramids h.minor calyx d.renal columns i.hilum e.renal pelvis -Structure that becomes the ureter

The micturition center is located in the

Which portion of the kidneys plays a role in acid-base balance?

Where are the renal corpuscles of the nephrons located?

What occurs in the descending limb of the loop of Henle?

What factor drives filtration in the glomerulus?

Orientation to the Human Body

Chemistry of Life

Cells

Tissues

Integumentary System

Bones Bone Tissue

Skeletal System

Joints

Muscular System

Nervous System

Sense Organs

Endocrine System

Blood

Heart

Vascular System

Lymphatic Immune Systems

Respiratory System

Fluid, Electrolyte Acid-Base Balance

Digestive System

Nutrition Metabolism

Human Microbiome

Reproductive Systems

Pregnancy Human Development

Heredity

Filters