Question 1

The immunoglobulin that is often the first antibody produced in response to an antigen is

Accepted Answer

A)  IgD. 
B)  IgA. 
C)  IgM. 
D)  IgE. 
E)  IgG. 
A)  IgD. 
B)  IgA. 
C)  IgM. 
D)  IgE. 
E)  IgG.

Question 2

Antibodies secreted in breast milk

Accepted Answer

A)  are IgG antibodies. 
B)  are IgA antibodies. 
C)  provide natural active adaptive immunity. 
D)  include the cytokine interleukin 2. 
E)  promote inflammation. 
A)  are IgG antibodies. 
B)  are IgA antibodies. 
C)  provide natural active adaptive immunity. 
D)  include the cytokine interleukin 2. 
E)  promote inflammation.

Question 3

Which of the following most accurately describes how foreign substances can activate complement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antibodies can bind to foreign antigens and activate complement through the classical pathway. 
B)  Foreign substances can bind to spontaneously activated C3 and stabilize it. 
C)  Foreign proteins bind to C1 and activate it. 
D)  Foreign proteins are phagocytized by macrophages and directly activate complement. 
E)  Antibodies can bind to foreign antigens and activate complement through the classical pathway and foreign substances can bind to spontaneously activated C3 and stabilize it. 
A)  Antibodies can bind to foreign antigens and activate complement through the classical pathway. 
B)  Foreign substances can bind to spontaneously activated C3 and stabilize it. 
C)  Foreign proteins bind to C1 and activate it. 
D)  Foreign proteins are phagocytized by macrophages and directly activate complement. 
E)  Antibodies can bind to foreign antigens and activate complement through the classical pathway and foreign substances can bind to spontaneously activated C3 and stabilize it.

Question 4

Which of the following statements concerning neutrophils and macrophages is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They both exhibit chemotaxis. 
B)  They both move by amoeboid motion. 
C)  Both are capable of phagocytosis. 
D)  Both release histamine when activated. 
E)  Both can squeeze between cells. 
A)  They both exhibit chemotaxis. 
B)  They both move by amoeboid motion. 
C)  Both are capable of phagocytosis. 
D)  Both release histamine when activated. 
E)  Both can squeeze between cells.

Question 5

Several days after an initial contact with an antigen, antibody blood levels increases. This is a

Accepted Answer

A)  primer response. 
B)  primary response. 
C)  precipitating response. 
D)  principle response. 
E)  cascade response. 
A)  primer response. 
B)  primary response. 
C)  precipitating response. 
D)  principle response. 
E)  cascade response.

Question 6

The secondary or memory response

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs after the primary response has activated NK cells. 
B)  provides better protection than the primary response. 
C)  is less effective in antibody production. 
D)  produces different antibodies than those produced in the primary immune response. 
E)  does not protect the body after the first exposure. 
A)  occurs after the primary response has activated NK cells. 
B)  provides better protection than the primary response. 
C)  is less effective in antibody production. 
D)  produces different antibodies than those produced in the primary immune response. 
E)  does not protect the body after the first exposure.

Question 7

Match the cell of adaptive immunity with its function.
-cytotoxic T cell

Accepted Answer

A) quick and responsive to antigen, remembers previous exposure 
B) after activitaion, differentiates to become plasma cell or memory B cell 
C) produces antibodies 
D) destroys cells by lysis or by production of cytokines 
E) activates B and effector T cells 
A) quick and responsive to antigen, remembers previous exposure 
B) after activitaion, differentiates to become plasma cell or memory B cell 
C) produces antibodies 
D) destroys cells by lysis or by production of cytokines 
E) activates B and effector T cells

Question 8

Bacteria and debris are actively removed from the lymph by _____ in the sinuses of lymph nodes.

Accepted Answer

A)  trabecular cells 
B)  germinal cells 
C)  macrophages. 
D)  lymphocytes 
E)  plasma cells 
A)  trabecular cells 
B)  germinal cells 
C)  macrophages. 
D)  lymphocytes 
E)  plasma cells

Question 9

-What does "D" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)  spleen 
B)  thymus 
C)  axillary lymph node 
D)  inguinal lymph node 
E)  thoracic duct 
A)  spleen 
B)  thymus 
C)  axillary lymph node 
D)  inguinal lymph node 
E)  thoracic duct

Question 10

Adaptive immunity is stimulated by

Accepted Answer

A)  antigens. 
B)  histamines. 
C)  antibodies. 
D)  complement. 
E)  plasma proteins. 
A)  antigens. 
B)  histamines. 
C)  antibodies. 
D)  complement. 
E)  plasma proteins.

Question 11

Lymph exits a lymph node via the

Accepted Answer

A)  efferent lymphatic vessels. 
B)  afferent lymphatic vessels. 
C)  cortical sinuses. 
D)  trabeculae. 
E)  lymphatic duct. 
A)  efferent lymphatic vessels. 
B)  afferent lymphatic vessels. 
C)  cortical sinuses. 
D)  trabeculae. 
E)  lymphatic duct.

Question 12

Lymphatic tissue contains an interlaced network of reticular fibers that functions to

Accepted Answer

A)  produce lymphocytes. 
B)  produce capsules around lymph nodes. 
C)  attack microorganisms. 
D)  line the walls of lymphatic vessels. 
E)  trap microorganisms. 
A)  produce lymphocytes. 
B)  produce capsules around lymph nodes. 
C)  attack microorganisms. 
D)  line the walls of lymphatic vessels. 
E)  trap microorganisms.

Question 13

Match the appropriate characteristic with the type of immunity.
-ability to resist damage from foreign substances such as microorganisms and harmful chemicals

Accepted Answer

A) innate immunity 
B) antibody-mediated immunity 
C) cell-mediated immunity 
D) both antibody and cell-mediated immunity 
E) innate immunity, antibody-mediated immunity and cell-mediated immunity 
A) innate immunity 
B) antibody-mediated immunity 
C) cell-mediated immunity 
D) both antibody and cell-mediated immunity 
E) innate immunity, antibody-mediated immunity and cell-mediated immunity

Question 14

The lymphatic system plays a role in maintaining fluid balance within the body by

Accepted Answer

A)  adding lymph to GI tract secretions. 
B)  returning interstitial fluid to the plasma. 
C)  transporting lymph from tissues to the liver. 
D)  carrying excess fluid to the kidneys to be excreted. 
E)  actively absorbing fluid from the blood. 
A)  adding lymph to GI tract secretions. 
B)  returning interstitial fluid to the plasma. 
C)  transporting lymph from tissues to the liver. 
D)  carrying excess fluid to the kidneys to be excreted. 
E)  actively absorbing fluid from the blood.

Question 15

Tonsils

Accepted Answer

A)  increase in size in adults. 
B)  are located in both the oral and abdominal cavities. 
C)  provide protection against bacteria entering the oral and nasal cavities. 
D)  contain red pulp and white pulp. 
E)  are not functional in children. 
A)  increase in size in adults. 
B)  are located in both the oral and abdominal cavities. 
C)  provide protection against bacteria entering the oral and nasal cavities. 
D)  contain red pulp and white pulp. 
E)  are not functional in children.

Question 16

How do lymphatic capillaries differ form blood capillaries?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lymphatic capillaries do not have a basement membrane. 
B)  Simple squamous epithelial cells of lymphatics overlap with loose attachments. 
C)  Lymphatic capillaries are more permeable than blood capillaries. 
D)  Lymphatic capillary epithelium act as one-way valves preventing movement of fluid back into interstitial spaces. 
E)  All of the choices are ways lymphatic capillaries differ from blood capillaries. 
A)  Lymphatic capillaries do not have a basement membrane. 
B)  Simple squamous epithelial cells of lymphatics overlap with loose attachments. 
C)  Lymphatic capillaries are more permeable than blood capillaries. 
D)  Lymphatic capillary epithelium act as one-way valves preventing movement of fluid back into interstitial spaces. 
E)  All of the choices are ways lymphatic capillaries differ from blood capillaries.

Question 17

Once cytotoxic T cells are produced, which of the following is (are) consistent with their ability to attack intracellular viruses?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most nucleated cells process antigens through the MHC class I mechanisms. 
B)  Viral antigens are processed by the MHC class I mechanism and are presented to the cell surface. 
C)  Cytotoxic T cells bind to MHC class I processed antigens. 
D)  Cytotoxic T cells bound to the MHC class I processed antigens release lymphokines. 
E)  All of these choices are correct. 
A)  Most nucleated cells process antigens through the MHC class I mechanisms. 
B)  Viral antigens are processed by the MHC class I mechanism and are presented to the cell surface. 
C)  Cytotoxic T cells bind to MHC class I processed antigens. 
D)  Cytotoxic T cells bound to the MHC class I processed antigens release lymphokines. 
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 18

Structurally, lymph vessels are most similar to

Accepted Answer

A)  veins. 
B)  arteries. 
C)  arterioles. 
D)  capillaries. 
E)  venules. 
A)  veins. 
B)  arteries. 
C)  arterioles. 
D)  capillaries. 
E)  venules.

Question 19

Nonencapsulated lymphatic tissue called MALT includes all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  tonsils. 
B)  Peyer patches. 
C)  lymph nodes. 
D)  diffuse lymphatic tissue. 
A)  tonsils. 
B)  Peyer patches. 
C)  lymph nodes. 
D)  diffuse lymphatic tissue.

Question 20

MHC class II molecules are found on

Accepted Answer

A)  neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages. 
B)  dendritic cells, B cells, and helper T cells. 
C)  monocytes, helper T cells, and neutrophils. 
D)  B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells. 
E)  B cells, C cells and D cells. 
A)  neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages. 
B)  dendritic cells, B cells, and helper T cells. 
C)  monocytes, helper T cells, and neutrophils. 
D)  B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells. 
E)  B cells, C cells and D cells.

Exam 22: Lymphatic System and Immunity

The immunoglobulin that is often the first antibody produced in response to an antigen is

Antibodies secreted in breast milk

Which of the following most accurately describes how foreign substances can activate complement?

Which of the following statements concerning neutrophils and macrophages is false?

Several days after an initial contact with an antigen, antibody blood levels increases. This is a

The secondary or memory response

Match the cell of adaptive immunity with its function. -cytotoxic T cell

Bacteria and debris are actively removed from the lymph by _____ in the sinuses of lymph nodes.

-What does "D" represent on the diagram?

Adaptive immunity is stimulated by

Lymph exits a lymph node via the

Lymphatic tissue contains an interlaced network of reticular fibers that functions to

Match the appropriate characteristic with the type of immunity. -ability to resist damage from foreign substances such as microorganisms and harmful chemicals

The lymphatic system plays a role in maintaining fluid balance within the body by

Tonsils

How do lymphatic capillaries differ form blood capillaries?

Once cytotoxic T cells are produced, which of the following is (are) consistent with their ability to attack intracellular viruses?

Structurally, lymph vessels are most similar to

Nonencapsulated lymphatic tissue called MALT includes all of the following except:

MHC class II molecules are found on

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