Question 1

The ethical principle of _____ means that participants must be told the true purpose and nature of an experiment after it is over.

Accepted Answer

A) informed consent 
B) debriefing 
C) protection from harm 
D) freedom from coercion 
A) informed consent 
B) debriefing 
C) protection from harm 
D) freedom from coercion

Question 2

Experimental psychologists seeking to determine cause-and-effect relations between variables tend to view external validity as more important than internal validity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which technique is good to use to avoid the problem of demand characteristics in an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A) revealing the expected results to the participants before starting the experiment 
B) gathering scientific information by observing people without their knowledge 
C) clearly explaining the true purpose of the experiment to the participants 
D) asking the participants to respond to questionnaires in front of a selected sample of people 
A) revealing the expected results to the participants before starting the experiment 
B) gathering scientific information by observing people without their knowledge 
C) clearly explaining the true purpose of the experiment to the participants 
D) asking the participants to respond to questionnaires in front of a selected sample of people

Question 4

A psychologist poses as a groundskeeper at a local golf course and records any instances of cheating.She finds that golfers in twosomes are less likely to cheat then golfers in foursomes.What type of research is the psychologist conducting?

Accepted Answer

A) double-blind observation 
B) naturalistic observation 
C) an experiment 
D) a case study 
A) double-blind observation 
B) naturalistic observation 
C) an experiment 
D) a case study

Question 5

A technique for gathering scientific information by unobtrusively watching people in their normal environments is termed:

Accepted Answer

A) the case study approach. 
B) descriptive statistics. 
C) naturalistic observation. 
D) experimentation. 
A) the case study approach. 
B) descriptive statistics. 
C) naturalistic observation. 
D) experimentation.

Question 6

According to the textbook,what three things make people especially difficult to study?

Accepted Answer

A) shyness,moodiness,and unpredictability 
B) complexity,reactivity,and unpredictability 
C) variability,reactivity,and complexity 
D) reactivity,variability,and stubbornness 
A) shyness,moodiness,and unpredictability 
B) complexity,reactivity,and unpredictability 
C) variability,reactivity,and complexity 
D) reactivity,variability,and stubbornness

Question 7

Raul performs a research study at Norshore High School and observes that there is a negative correlation between popularity and academic success.Which statement can be inferred from his observation?

Accepted Answer

A) Students who do well academically are more likely to be popular. 
B) Students who don't do well academically are less likely to be popular. 
C) Students who do well academically are less likely to be popular. 
D) Students who don't do well academically are more likely to be in the same social group. 
A) Students who do well academically are more likely to be popular. 
B) Students who don't do well academically are less likely to be popular. 
C) Students who do well academically are less likely to be popular. 
D) Students who don't do well academically are more likely to be in the same social group.

Question 8

A _____ correlation is associated with a less-is-less relationship.

Accepted Answer

A) negative 
B) positive 
C) strong 
D) weak 
A) negative 
B) positive 
C) strong 
D) weak

Question 9

Descriptive statistics include measures such as mean or standard deviation.What is another group of statistics that is used to determine what kind of conclusions can be drawn from the results of an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A) inferential statistics 
B) applied statistics 
C) internal statistics 
D) validity coefficients 
A) inferential statistics 
B) applied statistics 
C) internal statistics 
D) validity coefficients

Question 10

Katrina is interested in studying the relationship between attention deficit disorder and behavioural problems in schoolchildren,but she believes that the students' socioeconomic statuses may affect her results.She studies two groups of children through an intervention treatment and makes sure that all children in both groups are from homes with the same level of income.What technique does Katrina use in this study?

Accepted Answer

A) matched samples 
B) matched pairs 
C) random sampling 
D) third-variable correlation 
A) matched samples 
B) matched pairs 
C) random sampling 
D) third-variable correlation

Question 11

An archaeologist discovers new evidence suggesting humans inhabited a particular area long before it was originally believed.Because these results are so novel,if the archaeologist is critically thinking,she should first:

Accepted Answer

A) critically evaluate the work of other archaeologists who argue the opposite. 
B) contact archaeologists who oppose this viewpoint and ask them to evaluate her evidence. 
C) begin writing a book on her findings. 
D) contact the press and begin publicizing her findings. 
A) critically evaluate the work of other archaeologists who argue the opposite. 
B) contact archaeologists who oppose this viewpoint and ask them to evaluate her evidence. 
C) begin writing a book on her findings. 
D) contact the press and begin publicizing her findings.

Question 12

Dr.Sardonicus learned of a woman whose tongue turned a bright shade of green whenever she felt stressed.Although this is a rare event in the general population,Dr.Sardonicus nonetheless interviewed the woman at great length and made detailed observations about her behaviour.Dr.Sardonicus used _____ to gather data.

Accepted Answer

A) naturalistic observation 
B) the case method 
C) random sampling 
D) the law of large numbers 
A) naturalistic observation 
B) the case method 
C) random sampling 
D) the law of large numbers

Question 13

When an independent variable is manipulated,at least two groups are created.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

When are two variables said to covary?

Accepted Answer

A) when the two variables have different values under different circumstances 
B) when the two variables have different variations under different circumstances 
C) when variations in the value of one variable are synchronized with variations in the value of the other 
D) when the pattern of variation of the two variables is highly dissimilar 
A) when the two variables have different values under different circumstances 
B) when the two variables have different variations under different circumstances 
C) when variations in the value of one variable are synchronized with variations in the value of the other 
D) when the pattern of variation of the two variables is highly dissimilar

Question 15

Which number represents the WEAKEST correlation coefficient (r)?

Accepted Answer

A) -.8 
B) 1.0 
C) -.1 
D) .5 
A) -.8 
B) 1.0 
C) -.1 
D) .5

Question 16

The generality of a study's results can be empirically determined in a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) natural correlation. 
B) experimental design. 
C) case method. 
D) direct replication with a new sample. 
A) natural correlation. 
B) experimental design. 
C) case method. 
D) direct replication with a new sample.

Question 17

When it comes to reporting data truthfully,scientists use the honour system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which researcher who completely lies about conducting a study and makes a fraudulent research claim will probably get caught?

Accepted Answer

A) The researcher who claims reinforcement is more effective at changing a particular behaviour than is punishment in a rat model. 
B) The researcher who claims to have taught American Sign Language to rhesus monkeys. 
C) The researcher who claims that absenteeism is associated with reports of depression in a sample of university students. 
D) The researcher who claims that children who are read to frequently do better in elementary school. 
A) The researcher who claims reinforcement is more effective at changing a particular behaviour than is punishment in a rat model. 
B) The researcher who claims to have taught American Sign Language to rhesus monkeys. 
C) The researcher who claims that absenteeism is associated with reports of depression in a sample of university students. 
D) The researcher who claims that children who are read to frequently do better in elementary school.

Question 19

If an odd number of scores are put in order from lowest to highest,the score in the middle position is the:

Accepted Answer

A) mode. 
B) mean. 
C) median. 
D) range. 
A) mode. 
B) mean. 
C) median. 
D) range.

Question 20

April must find four sources for a term paper she is writing on the effectiveness of public assistance such as welfare in combatting poverty.April tends to oppose welfare on philosophical grounds.April probably will:

Accepted Answer

A) summarize four studies suggesting that welfare is actually effective in order to consciously guard against her known biases. 
B) find four studies suggesting that welfare is effective but then attempt to discredit this research. 
C) review two studies on each side of the debate in a fair and balanced way. 
D) summarize four studies suggesting that welfare is ineffective at combatting poverty. 
A) summarize four studies suggesting that welfare is actually effective in order to consciously guard against her known biases. 
B) find four studies suggesting that welfare is effective but then attempt to discredit this research. 
C) review two studies on each side of the debate in a fair and balanced way. 
D) summarize four studies suggesting that welfare is ineffective at combatting poverty.

The ethical principle of _____ means that participants must be told the true purpose and nature of an experiment after it is over.

Experimental psychologists seeking to determine cause-and-effect relations between variables tend to view external validity as more important than internal validity.

Which technique is good to use to avoid the problem of demand characteristics in an experiment?

A psychologist poses as a groundskeeper at a local golf course and records any instances of cheating.She finds that golfers in twosomes are less likely to cheat then golfers in foursomes.What type of research is the psychologist conducting?

A technique for gathering scientific information by unobtrusively watching people in their normal environments is termed:

According to the textbook,what three things make people especially difficult to study?

Raul performs a research study at Norshore High School and observes that there is a negative correlation between popularity and academic success.Which statement can be inferred from his observation?

A _____ correlation is associated with a less-is-less relationship.

Descriptive statistics include measures such as mean or standard deviation.What is another group of statistics that is used to determine what kind of conclusions can be drawn from the results of an experiment?

An archaeologist discovers new evidence suggesting humans inhabited a particular area long before it was originally believed.Because these results are so novel,if the archaeologist is critically thinking,she should first:

When an independent variable is manipulated,at least two groups are created.

When are two variables said to covary?

Which number represents the WEAKEST correlation coefficient (r)?

The generality of a study's results can be empirically determined in a(n):

When it comes to reporting data truthfully,scientists use the honour system.

Which researcher who completely lies about conducting a study and makes a fraudulent research claim will probably get caught?

If an odd number of scores are put in order from lowest to highest,the score in the middle position is the:

April must find four sources for a term paper she is writing on the effectiveness of public assistance such as welfare in combatting poverty.April tends to oppose welfare on philosophical grounds.April probably will:

Psychology: Evolution of a Science

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Memory

Learning

Emotion and Motivation

Language and Thought

Intelligence

Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Integrative Questions

Filters

Exam 2: Methods in Psychology

The ethical principle of _____ means that participants must be told the true purpose and nature of an experiment after it is over.

Experimental psychologists seeking to determine cause-and-effect relations between variables tend to view external validity as more important than internal validity.

Which technique is good to use to avoid the problem of demand characteristics in an experiment?

A psychologist poses as a groundskeeper at a local golf course and records any instances of cheating.She finds that golfers in twosomes are less likely to cheat then golfers in foursomes.What type of research is the psychologist conducting?

A technique for gathering scientific information by unobtrusively watching people in their normal environments is termed:

According to the textbook,what three things make people especially difficult to study?

Raul performs a research study at Norshore High School and observes that there is a negative correlation between popularity and academic success.Which statement can be inferred from his observation?

A _____ correlation is associated with a less-is-less relationship.

Descriptive statistics include measures such as mean or standard deviation.What is another group of statistics that is used to determine what kind of conclusions can be drawn from the results of an experiment?

An archaeologist discovers new evidence suggesting humans inhabited a particular area long before it was originally believed.Because these results are so novel,if the archaeologist is critically thinking,she should first:

When an independent variable is manipulated,at least two groups are created.

When are two variables said to covary?

Which number represents the WEAKEST correlation coefficient (r)?

The generality of a study's results can be empirically determined in a(n):

When it comes to reporting data truthfully,scientists use the honour system.

Which researcher who completely lies about conducting a study and makes a fraudulent research claim will probably get caught?

If an odd number of scores are put in order from lowest to highest,the score in the middle position is the:

April must find four sources for a term paper she is writing on the effectiveness of public assistance such as welfare in combatting poverty.April tends to oppose welfare on philosophical grounds.April probably will:

Psychology: Evolution of a Science

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Memory

Learning

Emotion and Motivation

Language and Thought

Intelligence

Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Integrative Questions

Filters