Exam 10: Memory

One day after the September 11,2001,attacks on the World Trade Center,54 college students were asked questions about the experience and about a mundane event that occurred within the days prior to the attack.Later,the students were contacted and once again asked about their memory of the two events.What did this research reveal about flashbulb memories?

Memories that involve knowing how to do something,like tying a tie in a Windsor knot,are called procedural memories.

Vivid recollections of emotional events are called flashbulb memories.

You hear a song that you know on the radio.If asked to give the name of the song and the artist's name,you are answering a ________ question.

Match the following definitions with the correct terms. -A limited-capacity memory system involved in the retention of information for brief periods.

There are three circumstances that make it more likely for confabulation to occur.The text illustrates these conditions,using the true story of an acquaintance.For years,the woman thought that she had attended a party with an uncle who hammered a wall until it collapsed.But she wasn't there! Describe the four circumstances favouring confabulation,using her story to illustrate your points.

Long-term potentiation is thought to be the biological mechanism of long-term memory.

Margeaux is introduced to the following people when she arrives at the party: Derek,Kayla,Calvin,Debbie,Rose,Melanie,Garrett,Tom,Francis,Jane,and Vincent. According to the serial-position effect,it will be most difficult to remember the names of:

According to the ________ theory of forgetting,information may get into memory,but it becomes confused with other information.

Our text notes the story of an absent-minded professor of ichthyology who complained that whenever he learned the name of a new student,he forgot the name of a fish! Analyze the theory of forgetting supported by this example.

Most researchers believe that long-term potentiation is the process underlying many,and perhaps all,forms of learning and memory.

Information is held for the shortest period of time in:

The inability to distinguish what you originally experienced from what you heard or were told about an event later is called:

When Sven's parents overhear him describing a birthday party from earlier in his life,they look at each other in surprise.In the middle of Sven's recollection of his own party were details of one of his father's childhood parties! Sven's memory illustrates the concept of:

Contrast the three-box model of memory with the parallel distributed processing model of memory.If you were offered a well-paid position as a research assistant for a prominent memory researcher,would you prefer to work on research based on the three-box model or the PDP model? Why?

Explicit memory is usually measured through a recall method or a recognition method.

Organizing memories by semantic groups is a human characteristic that is uninfluenced by schooling.

________ acts as a holding bin,retaining information in a highly accurate form until we can select items for attention.

The authors note that the most important lesson to be learned from the research on memory is that:

Memories undergo a gradual period of consolidation before they "solidify" and become stable.