Question 1

Propositions represent the relationships of concepts to one another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Hindsight bias occurs when we are sure that we "knew it all along."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

In formal reasoning problems,the information needed for reaching a solution is specified clearly and there is a single right answer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

A process in which opposing facts are weighed and compared to determine the best solution is called:

Accepted Answer

A) factor analysis. 
B) dialectical reasoning. 
C) justification of effort. 
D) contextual intelligence. 
A) factor analysis. 
B) dialectical reasoning. 
C) justification of effort. 
D) contextual intelligence.

Question 5

Asian parents,teachers,and children are far more likely than their North American counterparts to believe that mathematical ability is innate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A common form of dissonance reduction occurs when individuals increase their liking for something that they have worked hard to attain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Define language.To qualify as a language,what criteria must a communication system meet?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 8

MariAnne is eager to try her hand at making a pumpkin pie for her family's Thanksgiving dessert.The most effective way to approach this task is by means of:

Accepted Answer

A) reflective judgment. 
B) an algorithm. 
C) heuristics. 
D) dialectical thinking. 
A) reflective judgment. 
B) an algorithm. 
C) heuristics. 
D) dialectical thinking.

Question 9

Asian school teachers and students are more likely than their North American counterparts to believe that:

Accepted Answer

A) small classes and high-technology resources are imperative for a quality education. 
B) mathematical ability is innate and either you have it or you don't. 
C) the secret to doing well in mathematics is working hard. 
D) lower standards are acceptable because children need time for exercise and play. 
A) small classes and high-technology resources are imperative for a quality education. 
B) mathematical ability is innate and either you have it or you don't. 
C) the secret to doing well in mathematics is working hard. 
D) lower standards are acceptable because children need time for exercise and play.

Question 10

Subconscious processing allows Fern to knit while she explains a complex income tax issue to her granddaughter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

A child is tested by Alfred Binet.Her test results indicate that she has a mental age of five.What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

A) She is definitely five years old. 
B) She is probably developmentally disabled. 
C) There is no meaning that could be attached to the fact that she has a mental age of five. 
D) Her score is the same as the average score of a group of five-year-olds. 
A) She is definitely five years old. 
B) She is probably developmentally disabled. 
C) There is no meaning that could be attached to the fact that she has a mental age of five. 
D) Her score is the same as the average score of a group of five-year-olds.

Question 12

Confirmation bias occurs when we are sure that we "knew it all along."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

________ proposed the idea that there are multiple types of intelligence,including such things as musical aptitude,kinesthetic intelligence,and the capacity for insight into ourselves and others.

Accepted Answer

A) David Wechsler 
B) Howard Gardner 
C) Daniel Goleman 
D) Robert Sternberg 
A) David Wechsler 
B) Howard Gardner 
C) Daniel Goleman 
D) Robert Sternberg

Question 14

Florence is just about to use a photocopier when Judith scurries up saying,"Excuse me,may I use the Xerox machine,because I have to make copies." According to our textbook,Florence is likely to comply with Judith's request because:

Accepted Answer

A) the reason given by Judith sounds like an authentic explanation even though it is meaningless. 
B) the strategy necessary to solve this problem is not incorporated into Florence's mental network. 
C) Florence's cognitive schema doesn't include concepts for dealing with business requests. 
D) people are generally polite enough to let others go ahead of them,whatever the reason. 
A) the reason given by Judith sounds like an authentic explanation even though it is meaningless. 
B) the strategy necessary to solve this problem is not incorporated into Florence's mental network. 
C) Florence's cognitive schema doesn't include concepts for dealing with business requests. 
D) people are generally polite enough to let others go ahead of them,whatever the reason.

Question 15

Reflective judgment is basically another term for what has been called critical thinking.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

According to the triarchic theory of intelligence,there are three aspects of intelligence.The ________ aspect refers to the practical application of intelligence in knowing when to adapt to the environment,when to change environments,and when to fix situations.

Accepted Answer

A) componential 
B) experiential 
C) psychometric 
D) contextual 
A) componential 
B) experiential 
C) psychometric 
D) contextual

Question 17

Zelda dials her boyfriend's phone number instead of her mother's number,as she intended.Her error can be attributed to:

Accepted Answer

A) pre-reflective reasoning. 
B) inductive reasoning. 
C) mindlessness. 
D) stereotype threat. 
A) pre-reflective reasoning. 
B) inductive reasoning. 
C) mindlessness. 
D) stereotype threat.

Question 18

Langer and her associates studied the reactions of people who were about to use a photocopier when a researcher approached and asked to use the copier.One of three different requests was made:
- "Excuse me,may I use the Xerox machine?"
- "Excuse me,may I use the Xerox machine,because I have to make copies?"
- "Excuse me,may I use the Xerox machine,because I'm in a rush?"
Describe how you think you would have responded to each of these requests.How did the individuals in Langer's study respond to these requests? How were these results interpreted in our textbook?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 19

When John worries about getting bitten by a shark when swimming at the beach,but doesn't worry about getting cancer from the cigarettes he smokes,he is:

Accepted Answer

A) exaggerating the improbable. 
B) exhibiting confirmation bias. 
C) avoiding loss. 
D) exhibiting hindsight bias. 
A) exaggerating the improbable. 
B) exhibiting confirmation bias. 
C) avoiding loss. 
D) exhibiting hindsight bias.

Question 20

If your premises are "I didn't see any cars on Mackinac Island my first day here" and "I didn't see any cars the rest of the week either," then you might reasonably reach the conclusion,"There aren't any cars on Mackinac Island".This kind of reasoning is called ________ reasoning.

Accepted Answer

A) inductive 
B) dialectical 
C) deductive 
D) formal 
A) inductive 
B) dialectical 
C) deductive 
D) formal

Propositions represent the relationships of concepts to one another.

Hindsight bias occurs when we are sure that we "knew it all along."

In formal reasoning problems,the information needed for reaching a solution is specified clearly and there is a single right answer.

A process in which opposing facts are weighed and compared to determine the best solution is called:

Asian parents,teachers,and children are far more likely than their North American counterparts to believe that mathematical ability is innate.

A common form of dissonance reduction occurs when individuals increase their liking for something that they have worked hard to attain.

Define language.To qualify as a language,what criteria must a communication system meet?

MariAnne is eager to try her hand at making a pumpkin pie for her family's Thanksgiving dessert.The most effective way to approach this task is by means of:

Asian school teachers and students are more likely than their North American counterparts to believe that:

Subconscious processing allows Fern to knit while she explains a complex income tax issue to her granddaughter.

A child is tested by Alfred Binet.Her test results indicate that she has a mental age of five.What does this mean?

Confirmation bias occurs when we are sure that we "knew it all along."

________ proposed the idea that there are multiple types of intelligence,including such things as musical aptitude,kinesthetic intelligence,and the capacity for insight into ourselves and others.

Florence is just about to use a photocopier when Judith scurries up saying,"Excuse me,may I use the Xerox machine,because I have to make copies." According to our textbook,Florence is likely to comply with Judith's request because:

Reflective judgment is basically another term for what has been called critical thinking.

According to the triarchic theory of intelligence,there are three aspects of intelligence.The ________ aspect refers to the practical application of intelligence in knowing when to adapt to the environment,when to change environments,and when to fix situations.

Zelda dials her boyfriend's phone number instead of her mother's number,as she intended.Her error can be attributed to:

When John worries about getting bitten by a shark when swimming at the beach,but doesn't worry about getting cancer from the cigarettes he smokes,he is:

If your premises are "I didn't see any cars on Mackinac Island my first day here" and "I didn't see any cars the rest of the week either," then you might reasonably reach the conclusion,"There aren't any cars on Mackinac Island".This kind of reasoning is called ________ reasoning.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes,evolution,and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Memory

Emotion,stress,and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters

Exam 9: Thinking and Intelligence

Propositions represent the relationships of concepts to one another.

Hindsight bias occurs when we are sure that we "knew it all along."

In formal reasoning problems,the information needed for reaching a solution is specified clearly and there is a single right answer.

A process in which opposing facts are weighed and compared to determine the best solution is called:

Asian parents,teachers,and children are far more likely than their North American counterparts to believe that mathematical ability is innate.

A common form of dissonance reduction occurs when individuals increase their liking for something that they have worked hard to attain.

Define language.To qualify as a language,what criteria must a communication system meet?

MariAnne is eager to try her hand at making a pumpkin pie for her family's Thanksgiving dessert.The most effective way to approach this task is by means of:

Asian school teachers and students are more likely than their North American counterparts to believe that:

Subconscious processing allows Fern to knit while she explains a complex income tax issue to her granddaughter.

A child is tested by Alfred Binet.Her test results indicate that she has a mental age of five.What does this mean?

Confirmation bias occurs when we are sure that we "knew it all along."

________ proposed the idea that there are multiple types of intelligence,including such things as musical aptitude,kinesthetic intelligence,and the capacity for insight into ourselves and others.

Florence is just about to use a photocopier when Judith scurries up saying,"Excuse me,may I use the Xerox machine,because I have to make copies." According to our textbook,Florence is likely to comply with Judith's request because:

Reflective judgment is basically another term for what has been called critical thinking.

According to the triarchic theory of intelligence,there are three aspects of intelligence.The ________ aspect refers to the practical application of intelligence in knowing when to adapt to the environment,when to change environments,and when to fix situations.

Zelda dials her boyfriend's phone number instead of her mother's number,as she intended.Her error can be attributed to:

When John worries about getting bitten by a shark when swimming at the beach,but doesn't worry about getting cancer from the cigarettes he smokes,he is:

If your premises are "I didn't see any cars on Mackinac Island my first day here" and "I didn't see any cars the rest of the week either," then you might reasonably reach the conclusion,"There aren't any cars on Mackinac Island".This kind of reasoning is called ________ reasoning.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes,evolution,and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Memory

Emotion,stress,and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters