Exam 10: Prosocial Behaviour

Consider the following quote from Francois La Rochefoucauld (1678),"What seems to be generosity is often no more than disguised ambition." His sentiment best reflects assumptions of

People in interdependent cultures are

A number of studies have revealed that doing well on a test,receiving a gift,and listening to pleasant music can increase helping.These consistent findings across investigations suggest that there is a _______ relation between _______ and helping.

_______ theory would be most likely to mention such factors as social approval and increased self-worth as motivations for prosocial behaviour.

James has just received notice that he's been admitted to the law school of his choice.As he walks along,humming the theme to L.A.Law,he's in a good mood.He sees a worker fall off a ladder and rushes over to assist.Why did James help in this case?

Gene Burnstein,Chris Crandall,and Shinobu Kitayama (1994)found that when participants imagined a housefire,they were more likely to help some people than other people.Based on these researchers' findings,it seems that in life-and-death situations

Whereas _______ is any act performed to benefit another,_______ is such an act performed with no regard for one's safety or interests.

Arthur Beaman and his colleagues (1978)exposed some students to a lecture on bystander intervention research and other students to a lecture on an unrelated topic.Two weeks later

According to _______,helping occurs only when the benefits of helping outweigh the costs.

According to Nobel laureate Herbert Simon (1990),norms such as the reciprocity norm that encourages altruism have become part of human cultures because

According to evolutionary theory (Darwin,1859),natural selection favours genes that promote individual survival.This tenet is most troublesome in explaining

According to the authors,providing _______ can lead to _______.

Which of the following statements is most closely related to the empathy-altruism hypothesis (Batson,1991)?

According to evolutionary psychologists,we help others because of three factors that have become ingrained in our genes: the reciprocity norm,

_______ refers to the desire to help another person,even if such help involves cost to the helper.

The basic assumption of social exchange theory is that we will help others when

When other bystanders are present,people are less likely to interpret an event as an emergency._______ best explains why this is so.

The idea that natural selection favours behaviours that help a genetic relative is known as

The bystander effect (Latané & Darley,1970)represents a _______ approach to the study of prosocial behaviours.

Pluralistic ignorance is an example of the power of _______ to inhibit helping.