Question 1

When it comes to helping behaviour,

Accepted Answer

A) women are more helpful than men. 
B) men are more helpful than women. 
C) either gender might be more helpful,depending on the help needed. 
D) there is no difference between men and women. 
E) only women in collectivistic cultures are more helpful than men. 
A) women are more helpful than men. 
B) men are more helpful than women. 
C) either gender might be more helpful,depending on the help needed. 
D) there is no difference between men and women. 
E) only women in collectivistic cultures are more helpful than men.

Question 2

You are trying to convince your friend Alexandria to donate her time and money to your favorite charitable cause.If you wanted to use the negative-state relief hypothesis to persuade her to help,you would

Accepted Answer

A) point out all the rewards associated with such charity work. 
B) put her in a bad mood to ensure that she makes a more thoughtful decision. 
C) put her in a good mood before you asked her to help. 
D) remind her of the last time she let you down,then ask her to help. 
E) point out all the things you will do to minimize inconvenience to her. 
A) point out all the rewards associated with such charity work. 
B) put her in a bad mood to ensure that she makes a more thoughtful decision. 
C) put her in a good mood before you asked her to help. 
D) remind her of the last time she let you down,then ask her to help. 
E) point out all the things you will do to minimize inconvenience to her.

Question 3

A person in a communal relationship with another is more likely to be concerned with the _______ of helping,whereas someone in an exchange relationship with another is more likely to be concerned with the _______ of helping that individual.

Accepted Answer

A) long-term effects; short-term effects 
B) short-term effects; reciprocal effects 
C) cost; rewards 
D) short-term effects; long-term effects 
E) reciprocal effects long-term effects 
A) long-term effects; short-term effects 
B) short-term effects; reciprocal effects 
C) cost; rewards 
D) short-term effects; long-term effects 
E) reciprocal effects long-term effects

Question 4

According to the text,pluralistic ignorance plays a role in which of the following factors that influence whether or not bystanders help someone in need?

Accepted Answer

A) whether or not they assume personal responsibility for helping 
B) whether or not they conclude that helping would be too embarrassing or dangerous 
C) whether or not they know how to help the person in need 
D) whether or not they notice the emergency 
E) whether or not they interpret the situation as an emergency 
A) whether or not they assume personal responsibility for helping 
B) whether or not they conclude that helping would be too embarrassing or dangerous 
C) whether or not they know how to help the person in need 
D) whether or not they notice the emergency 
E) whether or not they interpret the situation as an emergency

Question 5

Pluralistic ignorance is most likely to discourage intervention in an emergency when

Accepted Answer

A) the situation is ambiguous. 
B) victims are dissimilar to the witnesses. 
C) an emergency occurs in an urban setting. 
D) victims do not know the witnesses. 
E) experts show the appropriate form of assistance. 
A) the situation is ambiguous. 
B) victims are dissimilar to the witnesses. 
C) an emergency occurs in an urban setting. 
D) victims do not know the witnesses. 
E) experts show the appropriate form of assistance.

Question 6

Several researchers have found that people are more likely to receive help in a rural environment than in an urban environment.Are urban dwellers simply more callous?

Accepted Answer

Perhaps rural dwellers are more likely t

Question 7

Marla has revised her will to ensure that upon her death,all of her functioning organs (corneas,liver,kidneys,heart,and so on)will be used to help transplant patients.She's told no one about her actions and expects nothing in return.This is an example of a(n)_______ behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) evolutionarily adaptive 
B) normative 
C) self-sacrificing 
D) dissonant 
E) altruistic 
A) evolutionarily adaptive 
B) normative 
C) self-sacrificing 
D) dissonant 
E) altruistic

Question 8

Alexis wants her son Bobby to grow up to be a prosocial adult.Research on the overjustification effect suggests that Alexis should

Accepted Answer

A) tell Bobby that he will be grounded if he does not help others. 
B) praise Bobby for being a "helpful person" when he is especially helpful to others. 
C) tell Bobby that Santa Claus will not give him any gifts if he does not share with his little sister. 
D) pay Bobby for reading books to his little sister. 
E) reward Bobby with small gifts when he is especially helpful to others. 
A) tell Bobby that he will be grounded if he does not help others. 
B) praise Bobby for being a "helpful person" when he is especially helpful to others. 
C) tell Bobby that Santa Claus will not give him any gifts if he does not share with his little sister. 
D) pay Bobby for reading books to his little sister. 
E) reward Bobby with small gifts when he is especially helpful to others.

Question 9

Do men and women differ in their tendency to help? If so,how?

Accepted Answer

Alice Eagly and Maureen Crowley (1986)ha

Question 10

How do evolutionary theorists use the concepts of kin selection and the reciprocity norm to explain human prosocial behaviour?

Accepted Answer

The notion of kin selection posits that

Question 11

Based on research by Piff and colleagues (2010),what can we say about the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES)and prosocial behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A) No differences were found in prosocial behaviour based on SES. 
B) Both those high in SES and those low in SES were more likely to be prosocial than those in the mid-range. 
C) Those low in SES were more prosocial than those high in SES. 
D) Those high in SES were more prosocial than those low in SES. 
E) Those in the mid-range of SES were more prosocial than those high or low in SES. 
A) No differences were found in prosocial behaviour based on SES. 
B) Both those high in SES and those low in SES were more likely to be prosocial than those in the mid-range. 
C) Those low in SES were more prosocial than those high in SES. 
D) Those high in SES were more prosocial than those low in SES. 
E) Those in the mid-range of SES were more prosocial than those high or low in SES.

Question 12

Pluralistic ignorance results when _______ backfires.

Accepted Answer

A) urban overload 
B) normative influence 
C) informational influence 
D) social exchange concern 
E) contagion 
A) urban overload 
B) normative influence 
C) informational influence 
D) social exchange concern 
E) contagion

Question 13

Mary Harris and her colleagues (1975)found that churchgoers were more likely to contribute to charity before confession than after confession.These findings are most compatible with the

Accepted Answer

A) diffusion of responsibility effect. 
B) negative-state relief hypothesis. 
C) social exchange view of helping. 
D) empathy-altruism hypothesis. 
E) self perception view of helping. 
A) diffusion of responsibility effect. 
B) negative-state relief hypothesis. 
C) social exchange view of helping. 
D) empathy-altruism hypothesis. 
E) self perception view of helping.

Question 14

Participants in an experiment by Miho Toi and Daniel Batson (1982)listened to an (alleged)radio interview in which a student in their Introductory Psychology class described an accident that caused her to fall behind in the course.Based on the empathy-altruism hypothesis,the researchers predicted that participants would help Carol when

Accepted Answer

A) they were instructed to be objective while listening to the interview. 
B) Carol made a direct request for participants' help. 
C) they believed that they would see Carol back in class. 
D) they were instructed to try to imagine how Carol felt. 
E) Carol was believed to be attractive. 
A) they were instructed to be objective while listening to the interview. 
B) Carol made a direct request for participants' help. 
C) they believed that they would see Carol back in class. 
D) they were instructed to try to imagine how Carol felt. 
E) Carol was believed to be attractive.

Question 15

According to the authors,one powerful way to instill helpfulness in children is to

Accepted Answer

A) instruct them that helping others is the right thing to do. 
B) reward successive approximations to altruism. 
C) remind them to empathize with others. 
D) reward prosocial acts with praise and hugs. 
E) punish selfish acts and reward helpful acts. 
A) instruct them that helping others is the right thing to do. 
B) reward successive approximations to altruism. 
C) remind them to empathize with others. 
D) reward prosocial acts with praise and hugs. 
E) punish selfish acts and reward helpful acts.

Question 16

Lindsay wants to test if prosocial behaviour differs in urban and rural settings.After reading Chapter 10,she decides to replicate the lost letter procedure (Milgram,1969).Which of the following outcomes can Lindsay expect?

Accepted Answer

A) People in cities are more likely to mail the letters than the people in small towns. 
B) People in cities and people in small towns are equally likely to mail the letters. 
C) People in cities are more likely to mail letters addressed to institutions,while people in small towns are more likely to mail letters addressed to individuals. 
D) People in small towns are more likely to mail letters addressed to institutions,while people in cities are more likely to mail letters addressed to individuals. 
E) People in small towns are more likely to mail the letters than the people in the city. 
A) People in cities are more likely to mail the letters than the people in small towns. 
B) People in cities and people in small towns are equally likely to mail the letters. 
C) People in cities are more likely to mail letters addressed to institutions,while people in small towns are more likely to mail letters addressed to individuals. 
D) People in small towns are more likely to mail letters addressed to institutions,while people in cities are more likely to mail letters addressed to individuals. 
E) People in small towns are more likely to mail the letters than the people in the city.

Question 17

During a study by Oishi (2006),participants played a trivia game against four other students.Participants were allowed to help the other players,even though it could cause them to lose the game.Under what conditions were participants more likely to help other players?

Accepted Answer

A) When they were new to the group. 
B) When they had been in the group longer. 
C) When they had a clear lead in the game. 
D) When they were the only female. 
E) When they were the only male 
A) When they were new to the group. 
B) When they had been in the group longer. 
C) When they had a clear lead in the game. 
D) When they were the only female. 
E) When they were the only male

Question 18

In Chapter 10 (Prosocial Behaviour),the authors recommend which of the following concerning self-esteem and helping?

Accepted Answer

A) When you need help,make your need clear and salient to others. 
B) Be careful to choose the times you help-it is best to help when the cost is low. 
C) It's easier to help strangers than those we know well. 
D) Don't be in a rush to help-it can sometimes make others feel incompetent 
E) Only help when you are competent to assist. 
A) When you need help,make your need clear and salient to others. 
B) Be careful to choose the times you help-it is best to help when the cost is low. 
C) It's easier to help strangers than those we know well. 
D) Don't be in a rush to help-it can sometimes make others feel incompetent 
E) Only help when you are competent to assist.

Question 19

Research on the relationship between prosocial behaviour and group membership have shown that

Accepted Answer

A) prosocial behaviour is much more likely to occur when people feel part of a group or community. 
B) prosocial behaviour is not related to group membership. 
C) feeling part of a group or community increase prosocial behaviour for women but not for men. 
D) group membership only enhance prosocial behaviour towards in-group members. 
E) group membership only enhances prosocial behaviour in interdependent cultures. 
A) prosocial behaviour is much more likely to occur when people feel part of a group or community. 
B) prosocial behaviour is not related to group membership. 
C) feeling part of a group or community increase prosocial behaviour for women but not for men. 
D) group membership only enhance prosocial behaviour towards in-group members. 
E) group membership only enhances prosocial behaviour in interdependent cultures.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about cultural difference in prosocial behaviour is true?

Accepted Answer

A) People in individualist cultures are not very likely to help an "out-group" member or an "in-group" member. 
B) People in collectivist cultures are less likely to help "out-group" members than people in individualist cultures. 
C) People in individualist cultures are as likely to help an "out-group" member as they are to help an "in-group" member. 
D) People in collectivist or interdependent cultures are as likely to help an "out-group" member as they are to help an "in-group" member. 
E) People in individualist cultures are more likely to help "in-group" members than people in collectivist cultures. 
A) People in individualist cultures are not very likely to help an "out-group" member or an "in-group" member. 
B) People in collectivist cultures are less likely to help "out-group" members than people in individualist cultures. 
C) People in individualist cultures are as likely to help an "out-group" member as they are to help an "in-group" member. 
D) People in collectivist or interdependent cultures are as likely to help an "out-group" member as they are to help an "in-group" member. 
E) People in individualist cultures are more likely to help "in-group" members than people in collectivist cultures.

When it comes to helping behaviour,

You are trying to convince your friend Alexandria to donate her time and money to your favorite charitable cause.If you wanted to use the negative-state relief hypothesis to persuade her to help,you would

A person in a communal relationship with another is more likely to be concerned with the _ of helping,whereas someone in an exchange relationship with another is more likely to be concerned with the _ of helping that individual.

According to the text,pluralistic ignorance plays a role in which of the following factors that influence whether or not bystanders help someone in need?

Pluralistic ignorance is most likely to discourage intervention in an emergency when

Several researchers have found that people are more likely to receive help in a rural environment than in an urban environment.Are urban dwellers simply more callous?

Marla has revised her will to ensure that upon her death,all of her functioning organs (corneas,liver,kidneys,heart,and so on)will be used to help transplant patients.She's told no one about her actions and expects nothing in return.This is an example of a(n)_______ behaviour.

Alexis wants her son Bobby to grow up to be a prosocial adult.Research on the overjustification effect suggests that Alexis should

Do men and women differ in their tendency to help? If so,how?

How do evolutionary theorists use the concepts of kin selection and the reciprocity norm to explain human prosocial behaviour?

Based on research by Piff and colleagues (2010),what can we say about the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES)and prosocial behaviour?

Pluralistic ignorance results when _______ backfires.

Mary Harris and her colleagues (1975)found that churchgoers were more likely to contribute to charity before confession than after confession.These findings are most compatible with the

According to the authors,one powerful way to instill helpfulness in children is to

Lindsay wants to test if prosocial behaviour differs in urban and rural settings.After reading Chapter 10,she decides to replicate the lost letter procedure (Milgram,1969).Which of the following outcomes can Lindsay expect?

During a study by Oishi (2006),participants played a trivia game against four other students.Participants were allowed to help the other players,even though it could cause them to lose the game.Under what conditions were participants more likely to help other players?

In Chapter 10 (Prosocial Behaviour),the authors recommend which of the following concerning self-esteem and helping?

Research on the relationship between prosocial behaviour and group membership have shown that

Which of the following statements about cultural difference in prosocial behaviour is true?

Introduction to Social Psychology

Methodology

Social Cognition

Social Perception

The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

Attitudes and Attitude Change

Conformity

Group Processes

Interpersonal Attraction

Aggression

Prejudice

The Intersection of Social Psychology and Environmental Issues

Exploring the Concept of Stress: Factors, Correlations, and Implications for Health

Eyewitness Testimony and the Legal System

Filters

Exam 10: Prosocial Behaviour

When it comes to helping behaviour,

You are trying to convince your friend Alexandria to donate her time and money to your favorite charitable cause.If you wanted to use the negative-state relief hypothesis to persuade her to help,you would

A person in a communal relationship with another is more likely to be concerned with the _______ of helping,whereas someone in an exchange relationship with another is more likely to be concerned with the _______ of helping that individual.

According to the text,pluralistic ignorance plays a role in which of the following factors that influence whether or not bystanders help someone in need?

Pluralistic ignorance is most likely to discourage intervention in an emergency when

Several researchers have found that people are more likely to receive help in a rural environment than in an urban environment.Are urban dwellers simply more callous?

Marla has revised her will to ensure that upon her death,all of her functioning organs (corneas,liver,kidneys,heart,and so on)will be used to help transplant patients.She's told no one about her actions and expects nothing in return.This is an example of a(n)_______ behaviour.

Alexis wants her son Bobby to grow up to be a prosocial adult.Research on the overjustification effect suggests that Alexis should

Do men and women differ in their tendency to help? If so,how?

How do evolutionary theorists use the concepts of kin selection and the reciprocity norm to explain human prosocial behaviour?

Based on research by Piff and colleagues (2010),what can we say about the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES)and prosocial behaviour?

Pluralistic ignorance results when _______ backfires.

Mary Harris and her colleagues (1975)found that churchgoers were more likely to contribute to charity before confession than after confession.These findings are most compatible with the

According to the authors,one powerful way to instill helpfulness in children is to

Lindsay wants to test if prosocial behaviour differs in urban and rural settings.After reading Chapter 10,she decides to replicate the lost letter procedure (Milgram,1969).Which of the following outcomes can Lindsay expect?

During a study by Oishi (2006),participants played a trivia game against four other students.Participants were allowed to help the other players,even though it could cause them to lose the game.Under what conditions were participants more likely to help other players?

In Chapter 10 (Prosocial Behaviour),the authors recommend which of the following concerning self-esteem and helping?

Research on the relationship between prosocial behaviour and group membership have shown that

Which of the following statements about cultural difference in prosocial behaviour is true?

Introduction to Social Psychology

Methodology

Social Cognition

Social Perception

The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

Attitudes and Attitude Change

Conformity

Group Processes

Interpersonal Attraction

Aggression

Prejudice

The Intersection of Social Psychology and Environmental Issues

Exploring the Concept of Stress: Factors, Correlations, and Implications for Health

Eyewitness Testimony and the Legal System

Filters

A person in a communal relationship with another is more likely to be concerned with the _ of helping,whereas someone in an exchange relationship with another is more likely to be concerned with the _ of helping that individual.