Exam 8: Women and Religion

Although Muslims believe the ________ to be the unadulterated word of God,they also refer to the Hadith,which consists of sayings attributed to Muhammad.Many of these sayings form the basis of ________ law,which includes practices that restrict and punish women for behavior characterized as immodest or immoral.

Hermeneutics is the theory and practice of interpretation for the sacred texts of a religion.Three common hermeneutics include ________,________,and ________ interpretations.

Goddess spirituality is frequently based in the belief that humans lived in peace and harmony with nature during a goddess-worshipping prehistory.

Although this chapter primarily focuses on the world's major religions,it is important to consider the roles that women play in smaller,indigenous belief systems.Identify and describe at least three women-centered religions that were discussed in the textbook.Be sure to explain the various roles that women play in these belief systems.

Which of the following feminist hermeneutics suggested by feminist biblical scholar Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza analyzes religious texts for their oppressive or liberating potential?

Which of the following statements about religious fundamentalisms is false?

________ arose out of Judaism and is based on the life,death,and resurrection of ________.The main religious text of this religion is the ________,which many feminists describe as a patriarchal document of a patriarchal society.

Identify a characteristic of the Wicca religion.

Which of the following statements about the world's major religions is true?

The sex-segregated nature of religion provides women with a common life,or womanspaces,where power and integrity come from their shared experiences and visions as women.

Although the use of masculine God-language is the norm in many religions,it is typically not considered degrading or alienating to speak of God using female pronouns and imagery.

While ________ was developed by Black Protestants and emphasizes justice for the oppressed,________ was developed by Latinas with the intended goals of women's liberation and the affirmation of God in their communities.

There are three main forms of Christianity: Catholic,Protestant,and Orthodox.For each of these forms,describe how women are perceived and discuss their expected roles.Be sure to explain the stained-glass ceiling.What is it,and what is being done to break it?

________ is the world's oldest western religion.Its two most important texts are ________,and it is considered by some to be among the world's most sexist belief systems.

________ is the only major polytheistic religion in the world and the only one in which goddess worship is prominent and normal.This religion has no single founder or single prophet,and although ________ serve(s)as the primary source of scripture,there is no single authoritative scripture.

Dianic witchcraft is a feminist form of spirituality that worships the feminine divine in mostly all-female covens.

Feminist theologians seek the reform and reconstruction of religion.Although it is far from a comprehensive list,there are four main types of reformation efforts discussed in the textbook.Identify and describe each of them.Also,using a single major religion as a point of reference,present a specific example for each type of reformation effort.

________ pacifies women's resistance to gender subordination by masking gender inequality with chivalry,appearing to celebrate women's traditional role,and presenting traditional gender roles as religious imperative.

In contrast to Mahayana Buddhism,which stresses that all human experience (both male and female)is the source of enlightenment,Theravada Buddhism is more likely to view women as obstacles to spiritual progress.

Liberation theologies seek to rediscover nonpatriarchal religious traditions and interpretations common before colonization.