Exam 3: Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

When Jana was chiding herself for losing her favorite necklace and reciting a list of all the things she could have done to prevent the loss, her grandmother said, "Now, Jana. Don't cry over spilled milk." In essence, Jana's grandmother was advising her to

Schemas are most like which of the following?

The availability heuristic is based on the principle of using ________ as a cue to probability.

Isaac is on an interview for a job for which he is well qualified. However, he is worried that some of the people may have negative schemas about his ethnicity and that they may shape his behavior on the interview with self-fulfilling prophecies. Of the people he meets with (listed below), who is the least likely to use self-fulfilling prophecies?

The cocktail party effect refers to

Psychologists distinguish between two types of cognitive processing. ________ thinking is nonconscious and unintentional, whereas ________ thinking is conscious and intentional.

The "Barnum effect," in which vague statements about one's future or personality may be seen as accurate and valid, occurs because of the

Which of the following statements is false?

Consider information from the authors of your text about the availability heuristic. If you wanted to improve customer satisfaction survey ratings for your company, which of the following would you ask customers in terms of their suggestions for improvement?

You are listening to a radio broadcast which describes a person who donated a kidney to a complete stranger in need of a transplant, when the phone rings and the fireman's association asks you to make a donation. The idea of priming suggests that you will

Christopher is considering breaking up with his high-school sweetheart. He spends many hours weighing the benefits and drawbacks, he asks his friends for advice, and he thinks about it further before coming to his decision. In this case, Christopher is using

Miyamoto and colleagues conducted a study in which participants viewed either photos of U.S. city scenes or Japanese city scenes, then were asked to detect differences between two similar pictures. The researchers found evidence that viewing Japanese city scenes

"If it walks like a duck, and quacks like a duck, it must be a duck," the adage goes. This expression best captures the essence of the

Isabella goes to a fortune teller who tells her, "You are the type of person who is very outgoing and sociable, yet at times you enjoy being alone." Isabella thinks this captures her personality amazingly well, because she finds many instances in her memories of such behaviors. Isabella has just fallen prey to the

According to the authors of your text, people raised in which of the following countries would be most likely to have a holistic thinking style?

According to the authors of your text, priming is an automatic and nonconscious process. When you watch TV and movies you are often exposed to examples of advertisers attempting to prime you to buy their products. Give a recent example and be sure to include in your answer how it represents priming.

After seeing the movie Fargo, Craig firmly believes that Minnesotans and North Dakotans are the goofiest people in the United States. You believe that Minnesotans and North Dakotans are no goofier than people any place else, and you would like to get Craig to change his judgment. To do this, you might

How do we decide which schema to use in processing an ambiguous stimulus?

Researchers Miyamoto, Nisbett, and Masuda compared photographs of city scenes in the U.S. and Japan. They found that on average, city scenes in Japan contained more

What is automatic thinking, and what are the two major types of automatic thinking that people use?