Exam 1: Introducing Social Psychology

Which of the following is the best example of a construal?

A personality psychologist and social psychologist are having a discussion. The personality psychologist is more likely to be talking about

Garry is a physician and is convinced that his patient, Mr. Mraz, has cancer. However, after several diagnostic tests and a biopsy that came back negative, Garry rethinks his original diagnosis. He admits that he was wrong and does more research to find the correct diagnosis. In this case, which basic motive did Garry give in to?

When Monique plays checkers with her younger sister, she lets her sister win. When she plays with her older brother, she does everything she can to beat him. A social psychologist would suggest that

Social psychologists have identified two motives that are of primary importance in explaining our thoughts and behaviors. According to your textbook authors, these are the need to ________ and the need to ________.

One application of Ross's idea of naïve realism is to assist the negotiations between long-time adversaries: Palestinians and Israelis. How would understanding naïve realism potentially help these parties negotiate more successfully?

Define the term "fundamental attribution error," and provide an example of this phenomenon that might occur in daily life.

"Are some people just better leaders than others?" Such a question about human nature is most likely to be asked by a

Jada gives William her dessert at lunch in the hopes that he will like her. Jada's behavior is an example of

Which of the following relatively "famous" psychologists is a behaviorist?

According to the authors of your text, when faced with a puzzling social question, it may be tempting to ask people why they behaved as they did. Why is this not always the best way to understand social behavior?

Many fraternities, sororities, and sports teams have initiation rituals. For example, at one school, all the members of the soccer team must wear unusual clothing everywhere on campus for an entire day and then have embarrassing haircuts. These rituals try to capitalize on the role of ________ in increasing commitment via self-justification.

Professor Jaffrey believes that children learn to be polite when they are rewarded for saying things like "Please" and "Thank you." Professor Jaffrey is most likely a ________ psychologist.

Marta left a party feeling very upset. Rather than trying to recall each conversation she had during the party, Marta tried to explain her feelings by reflecting on the party as a whole. The process Marta used resembles the approach used by ________ psychologists.

Social psychologists use the term ________ to describe the way in which people perceive, comprehend, and interpret their social worlds.

Julie and Tina have a very exclusive club. In order to make new members loyal and really enjoy being part of the club, Julie says new members should be rewarded for their good behaviors in the club. Tina, however, suggests that they use an embarrassing initiation. In this example, Julie is taking a ________ approach, while Tina is taking a ________ approach.

Which of the following is a consequence of underestimating the power of social influence?

Social psychological research has convincingly demonstrated that the ________ the initiation to join a group, the ________ the initiates like the group.

Although the fields of sociology and social psychology are related, what distinguishes social psychology from the other?

The chapter emphasizes that disciplines differ in their level of analysis of important questions. Describe a question or topic that would be best answered by a sociologist, and explain how that question or topic might be modified to be answered by a social psychologist.