Exam 15: B: Economic Transformations Commerce and Consequence 1450-1750

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What factors drove the European demand for furs from North America and Siberia during the early modern era?

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•Population growth and agricultural expansion in Europe had sharply diminished the supply of fur-bearing animals in the region.
•A period of cooling temperatures known as the Little Ice Age may well have increased the demand for furs during the early modern era.
•Rising prices for furs provided strong incentives for the exploitation of the immense wealth of fur-bearing animals in North America and Siberia.

What role did women play in the global commerce of the early modern era?

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•In Southeast Asia,many women were merchants.
•In Spanish America,especially in Potosí,Spanish women with property rented out buildings or had their slaves work as street vendors.other women,including mestizas,ran small service-oriented businesses (stores,pawnshops,bakeries,taverns).
•In North America,indigenous women dominated the trade in wild rice and maple syrup.

In what ways did Asian countries and merchants have the upper hand in Asian commerce during the period from 1450 to 1750?

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•Japan closed its borders to European traders except for the Dutch beginning in the sixteenth century.
•Chinese merchants dominated the spice trade in Asia.
•overland trade within Asia was in Asian hands and continued to grow.
•Some Indian bankers and merchants were able to establish monopolies over certain products and loan money to Europeans.

How did the Atlantic slave trade affect African states and society?

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What features of the Atlantic slave trade distinguished it from slavery in the premodern world?

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What impact did the global silver trade have on world history?

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What features did the British and Dutch East India companies share?

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In what ways did Spain's involvement in Asia differ from that of Portugal?

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What factors contributed to the predominance of African slaves in the Atlantic slave trade?

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