Exam 21: Regulating the Competitive Environment

Article 81(3)provides for an "individual exemption" of an otherwise violation of the Article 81,if the results there are positive economics effects overall.

Weigh the benefits and detriments of the EU and U.S.rules regarding jurisdiction and forum in privately enforced competition laws.

The U.S.antitrust law distinguishes between actions that are:

Prohibitions against agreements that restrict competition are relevant in international business transactions.

Draft guidelines for the application of anti-trust laws to anti-competitive practices outside of the U.S.or critique any (existing)proposed guidelines.

In the Hartford Fire Insurance Co.case,the U.S.Supreme Court determined that it could not assert jurisdiction over European companies in competition matters unless the companies had a direct physical presence in a U.S.state.

In recent years,Japan has brought its stance on mergers more into line with international practices by revising its Antimonopoly Act to require:

"Blocking Legislation" in international antitrust action refers to:

Under Chinese law,a merger or acquisition qualifies for review if:

The European Union regulation that deals with "A concentration which creates or strengthens a dominant position...(impeding)competition...in the common market..." is:

The court that hears appeals from the EU's antitrust enforcement agency and referrals from the courts of the EU member states on competition issues is the:

Under U.S.antitrust law,the rule of reason applies to situations where:

American policy tends to be more forgiving of a patent holder's restrictions than the European Commission.

Antitrust laws have been enacted in all of the WTO members after World War II.

The U.S.antitrust laws apply to the conduct of U.S.firms outside the territorial boundaries of the United States.