Question 1

Releasing and inhibiting hormones travel from the hypothalamus through a vascular ________ portal system to the anterior lobe of the pituitary.

Accepted Answer

hypophyseal

Question 2

The artery that supplies most of the pituitary gland (but not the pars nervosa) is the

Accepted Answer

A)  primary plexus of the hypophyseal portal system. 
B)  basilar artery on the brain stem. 
C)  superior hypophyseal artery. 
D)  hypophyseal branch of the external carotid artery. 
A)  primary plexus of the hypophyseal portal system. 
B)  basilar artery on the brain stem. 
C)  superior hypophyseal artery. 
D)  hypophyseal branch of the external carotid artery. C

Question 3

Of the following endocrine organs, which does not migrate away from its original site of formation in the embryo?

Accepted Answer

A)  thymus 
B)  parathyroid glands 
C)  thyroid gland 
D)  posterior lobe of the pituitary gland 
A)  thymus 
B)  parathyroid glands 
C)  thyroid gland 
D)  posterior lobe of the pituitary gland D

Question 4

Which arrangement of endocrine cells does not allow for maximum contact with blood capillaries?

Accepted Answer

A)  branching networks 
B)  clusters 
C)  cords 
D)  ducts 
A)  branching networks 
B)  clusters 
C)  cords 
D)  ducts

Question 5

Cells that manufacture and secrete aldosterone are located in the

Accepted Answer

A)  zona glomerulosa. 
B)  renal cortex. 
C)  pars distalis. 
D)  pars nervosa. 
A)  zona glomerulosa. 
B)  renal cortex. 
C)  pars distalis. 
D)  pars nervosa.

Question 6

Erythropoietin is produced in the

Accepted Answer

A)  kidney. 
B)  heart. 
C)  bone marrow. 
D)  thymus. 
A)  kidney. 
B)  heart. 
C)  bone marrow. 
D)  thymus.

Question 7

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
-Identify the letter which indicates a gland that secretes melatonin.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D

Question 8

Hormone that inhibits osteoclast activity in children.

Accepted Answer

A)  parathyroid hormone 
B)  calcitonin 
C)  thyroxine 
D)  catecholamines 
E)  oxytocin 
A)  parathyroid hormone 
B)  calcitonin 
C)  thyroxine 
D)  catecholamines 
E)  oxytocin

Question 9

Which of the following statements concerning the endocrine glands is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are a group of ductless glands. 
B)  They secrete messenger molecules called hormones. 
C)  The hormones they secrete travel more quickly than nerve impulses. 
D)  The hormones they secrete regulate processes such as growth and metabolism. 
A)  They are a group of ductless glands. 
B)  They secrete messenger molecules called hormones. 
C)  The hormones they secrete travel more quickly than nerve impulses. 
D)  The hormones they secrete regulate processes such as growth and metabolism.

Question 10

The beta type endocrine cells in the pancreatic islets secretes a hormone that

Accepted Answer

A)  lowers blood sugar levels. 
B)  raises blood sugar concentrations. 
C)  targets liver cells. 
D)  inhibits secretion by the exocrine pancreas. 
A)  lowers blood sugar levels. 
B)  raises blood sugar concentrations. 
C)  targets liver cells. 
D)  inhibits secretion by the exocrine pancreas.

Question 11

Contrast the two anatomical regions of the adrenal glands.

Accepted Answer

The adrenal gland consists of a superfic

Question 12

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
-Identify the letter which indicates a gland that regulates circadian rhythms.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D

Question 13

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
-Identify the letter indicating a gland which secretes a hormone controlling basal metabolic rate.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 14

Explain what is meant by the term neuroendocrine, and give an example of a neuroendocrine gland.

Accepted Answer

A neuroendocrine gland is an endocrine g

Question 15

Gonadotropic cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary secrete prolactin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following hormones is secreted by cardiac muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  ADH 
B)  FSH 
C)  atrial natriuretic hormone 
D)  epinephrine 
A)  ADH 
B)  FSH 
C)  atrial natriuretic hormone 
D)  epinephrine

Question 17

Compared to most other organs in the body, endocrine organs are

Accepted Answer

A)  well vascularized. 
B)  poorly vascularized. 
C)  have an average amount of vascularization. 
D)  mainly epithelial cells. 
A)  well vascularized. 
B)  poorly vascularized. 
C)  have an average amount of vascularization. 
D)  mainly epithelial cells.

Question 18

Cells of the adrenal medulla are most closely allied with

Accepted Answer

A)  the exocrine acinar cells of the pancreas. 
B)  the pinealocytes. 
C)  the sympathetic neurons. 
D)  the T lymphocytes of the immune system. 
A)  the exocrine acinar cells of the pancreas. 
B)  the pinealocytes. 
C)  the sympathetic neurons. 
D)  the T lymphocytes of the immune system.

Question 19

Region of the adrenal cortex that secretes DHEA.

Accepted Answer

A)  zona glomerulosa 
B)  zona fasiculata 
C)  zona reticularis 
D)  tuber cinerum 
E)  chrommafin cells 
A)  zona glomerulosa 
B)  zona fasiculata 
C)  zona reticularis 
D)  tuber cinerum 
E)  chrommafin cells

Question 20

The adrenal medulla secretes

Accepted Answer

A)  aldosterone. 
B)  cortisol. 
C)  epinephrine and norepinephrine. 
D)  glucocorticoids. 
A)  aldosterone. 
B)  cortisol. 
C)  epinephrine and norepinephrine. 
D)  glucocorticoids.

Exam 17: The Endocrine System

Releasing and inhibiting hormones travel from the hypothalamus through a vascular ________ portal system to the anterior lobe of the pituitary.

The artery that supplies most of the pituitary gland (but not the pars nervosa) is the

Of the following endocrine organs, which does not migrate away from its original site of formation in the embryo?

Which arrangement of endocrine cells does not allow for maximum contact with blood capillaries?

Cells that manufacture and secrete aldosterone are located in the

Erythropoietin is produced in the

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions. -Identify the letter which indicates a gland that secretes melatonin.

Hormone that inhibits osteoclast activity in children.

Which of the following statements concerning the endocrine glands is incorrect?

The beta type endocrine cells in the pancreatic islets secretes a hormone that

Contrast the two anatomical regions of the adrenal glands.

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions. -Identify the letter which indicates a gland that regulates circadian rhythms.

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions. -Identify the letter indicating a gland which secretes a hormone controlling basal metabolic rate.

Explain what is meant by the term neuroendocrine, and give an example of a neuroendocrine gland.

Gonadotropic cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary secrete prolactin.

Which of the following hormones is secreted by cardiac muscle cells?

Compared to most other organs in the body, endocrine organs are

Cells of the adrenal medulla are most closely allied with

Region of the adrenal cortex that secretes DHEA.

The adrenal medulla secretes

The Human Body: an Orientation

Cells: the Living Units

Basic Embryology

Tissues

The Integumentary System

Bones and Skeletal Tissues

Bones, Part 1: the Axial Skeleton

Bones, Part 2: the Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

Muscles of the Body

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Sensory Neurons

The Special Senses

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

The Urinary System

The Reproductive System

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