Question 1

Bones in the wrists and ankles are

Accepted Answer

A)  long bones. 
B)  short bones. 
C)  irregular bones. 
D)  flat bones. 
A)  long bones. 
B)  short bones. 
C)  irregular bones. 
D)  flat bones. B

Question 2

The cartilage of the epiphyseal plates is organized into zones based upon the unique processes occurring in each of these regions. Identify the correct sequence of these processes, from the epiphyseal end toward the diaphysis.

Accepted Answer

A)  calcification - hypertrophy - proliferation - resting - ossification 
B)  ossification - calcification - hypertrophy - proliferation - resting 
C)  resting - hypertrophy - proliferation - calcification - ossification 
D)  hypertrophy - proliferation - resting - calcification - ossification 
E)  resting - proliferation - hypertrophy - calcification - ossification 
A)  calcification - hypertrophy - proliferation - resting - ossification 
B)  ossification - calcification - hypertrophy - proliferation - resting 
C)  resting - hypertrophy - proliferation - calcification - ossification 
D)  hypertrophy - proliferation - resting - calcification - ossification 
E)  resting - proliferation - hypertrophy - calcification - ossification E

Question 3

The ________ delivers osteoblasts and osteoclasts to the primary center of ossification.

Accepted Answer

periosteal bud

Question 4

Osteoporosis occurs more commonly in the elderly and involves excessive bone loss. Explain why bone loss occurs with advancing age, and list factors that can reduce bone loss by promoting bone growth.

Accepted Answer

With age, the function of osteoblasts is

Question 5

Woven bone is involved in endochondral ossification.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The primary center of ossification

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs in the 4-week embryo. 
B)  is in the diaphysis. 
C)  is in the epiphysis. 
D)  is in membrane bones but not in endochondral bones. 
A)  occurs in the 4-week embryo. 
B)  is in the diaphysis. 
C)  is in the epiphysis. 
D)  is in membrane bones but not in endochondral bones.

Question 7

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
-Which letter indicates the circumferential lamellae?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 8

The connective tissue membrane that lines the central canals and trabeculae is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The connective tissue membrane that lines the...

Question 9

________ lamellae are incomplete lamellae located between the osteons.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ lamellae are incomplete lamellae located between...

Question 10

All of the following structures in the body contain cartilage except

Accepted Answer

A)  the nose 
B)  the joints 
C)  the discs between vertebrae 
D)  the esophagus 
E)  the ears 
A)  the nose 
B)  the joints 
C)  the discs between vertebrae 
D)  the esophagus 
E)  the ears

Question 11

A long bone is able to withstand extreme torsion or twisting stresses because

Accepted Answer

A)  the bone is spongelike with many hollow spaces, such as the central and epiphyseal marrow cavities. 
B)  within each osteon the collagen fibers and mineral crystals in adjacent lamellae are aligned in opposite directions. 
C)  the internal and external surfaces are both covered in irregular connective tissue fibers. 
D)  the trabeculae of spongy bone are aligned along stress trajectories. 
A)  the bone is spongelike with many hollow spaces, such as the central and epiphyseal marrow cavities. 
B)  within each osteon the collagen fibers and mineral crystals in adjacent lamellae are aligned in opposite directions. 
C)  the internal and external surfaces are both covered in irregular connective tissue fibers. 
D)  the trabeculae of spongy bone are aligned along stress trajectories.

Question 12

The joint surface of each epiphysis is covered with a thin layer of hyaline cartilage called the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The joint surface of each epiphysis is...

Question 13

All of the following are true regarding the bones of an average, healthy 30-year-old adult except

Accepted Answer

A)  most if not all of their epiphysial plates have closed. 
B)  their osteoblasts are equally as active as their osteoblasts. 
C)  their bones contain many bony prominences and markings. 
D)  they are resorbing bone faster than they are laying down new bone. 
A)  most if not all of their epiphysial plates have closed. 
B)  their osteoblasts are equally as active as their osteoblasts. 
C)  their bones contain many bony prominences and markings. 
D)  they are resorbing bone faster than they are laying down new bone.

Question 14

Explain how the epiphyseal plate remains a constant width until puberty is completed.

Accepted Answer

Chondrocytes proximal to the medullary c

Question 15

________ cartilage is able to withstand repeated bending and easily return to its normal shape.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ cartilage is able to withstand repeated...

Question 16

Which of the following statements about a long bone is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has a diaphysis. 
B)  It has two distinct ends. 
C)  It is longer than it is wide. 
D)  It must be more than 5 inches in length. 
A)  It has a diaphysis. 
B)  It has two distinct ends. 
C)  It is longer than it is wide. 
D)  It must be more than 5 inches in length.

Question 17

The type of cartilage that forms the costal cartilages at the ends of the ribs is

Accepted Answer

A)  hyaline cartilage. 
B)  fibrocartilage. 
C)  elastic cartilage. 
D)  calcified cartilage. 
A)  hyaline cartilage. 
B)  fibrocartilage. 
C)  elastic cartilage. 
D)  calcified cartilage.

Question 18

Circumferential lamellae occur around the entire outer and inner surfaces of compact bone, and they are considered remnants of old osteons that have been disrupted by bone remodeling.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
-Which letter indicates lamellae located outside the lamellae belonging to the osteon?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 20

In an adult, the perichondrium

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibits growth and repair of cartilage. 
B)  produces new chondrocytes. 
C)  acts like a girdle to prevent the matrix from pushing outward when the cartilage is compressed. 
D)  binds the cartilage to adjacent bones. 
A)  inhibits growth and repair of cartilage. 
B)  produces new chondrocytes. 
C)  acts like a girdle to prevent the matrix from pushing outward when the cartilage is compressed. 
D)  binds the cartilage to adjacent bones.

Exam 6: Bones and Skeletal Tissues

Bones in the wrists and ankles are

The cartilage of the epiphyseal plates is organized into zones based upon the unique processes occurring in each of these regions. Identify the correct sequence of these processes, from the epiphyseal end toward the diaphysis.

The ________ delivers osteoblasts and osteoclasts to the primary center of ossification.

Osteoporosis occurs more commonly in the elderly and involves excessive bone loss. Explain why bone loss occurs with advancing age, and list factors that can reduce bone loss by promoting bone growth.

Woven bone is involved in endochondral ossification.

The primary center of ossification

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions. -Which letter indicates the circumferential lamellae?

The connective tissue membrane that lines the central canals and trabeculae is called the ________.

________ lamellae are incomplete lamellae located between the osteons.

All of the following structures in the body contain cartilage except

A long bone is able to withstand extreme torsion or twisting stresses because

The joint surface of each epiphysis is covered with a thin layer of hyaline cartilage called the ________.

All of the following are true regarding the bones of an average, healthy 30-year-old adult except

Explain how the epiphyseal plate remains a constant width until puberty is completed.

________ cartilage is able to withstand repeated bending and easily return to its normal shape.

Which of the following statements about a long bone is false?

The type of cartilage that forms the costal cartilages at the ends of the ribs is

Circumferential lamellae occur around the entire outer and inner surfaces of compact bone, and they are considered remnants of old osteons that have been disrupted by bone remodeling.

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions. -Which letter indicates lamellae located outside the lamellae belonging to the osteon?

In an adult, the perichondrium

The Human Body: an Orientation

Cells: the Living Units

Basic Embryology

Tissues

The Integumentary System

Bones, Part 1: the Axial Skeleton

Bones, Part 2: the Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

Muscles of the Body

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Sensory Neurons

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

The Urinary System

The Reproductive System

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