Exam 4: Applications of Behaviorist Principles

Computer-assisted instruction CAI) has several advantages over noncomputer-based programmed instruction PI). Which one of the following is not an advantage of CAI over PI?

Practitioners who use applied behavior analysis to bring about behavior change in a student or client do not always rely solely on behaviorist principles; in many cases, they also incorporate cognitive elements into the strategies they employ. As examples of such cognitive behavior modification, they may use three of the following strategies. Which strategy is not likely to be part of cognitive behavior modification?

Mr. and Mrs. Mercado don't allow their daughter Maggie to chew gum at home and have punished her severely on the few occasions they have found her with gum in her mouth. Now Maggie rarely chews gum at home but chews it almost constantly at school, where she is not punished for doing so. Maggie's different behaviors at home and at school illustrate an effect of punishment known as:

The major advantage of using Bloom's taxonomy in developing objectives is that the taxonomy:

Three of the following are disadvantages of taxonomies and standards described in the textbook. Which of the following is not a disadvantage?

B. F. Skinner has criticized traditional educational practices for:

Research indicates that mastery learning approaches are superior to traditional instruction in several ways. Which one of the following conclusions should not be drawn on the basis of research on mastery learning?

Sean is a high school student who is angry much of the time. He often vents his anger by swearing at his teacher. One day his teacher decides to extinguish Sean's swearing by ignoring him whenever he swears. Yet over the next few weeks, Sean continues to swear as frequently as he always has. Three of the following are possible explanations as to why, from a behaviorist perspective, the teacher's "extinction" strategy is not working. Which alternative is the least likely explanation?

Describe at least three benefits of instructional objectives for teachers, students, or both. Also identify at least one downside of using instructional objectives to evaluate students' achievement, especially when used in conjunction with high-stakes tests.

Tracy enjoys reading mystery novels and reads at least two a week. Her mother wants to encourage Tracy's reading and so begins to pay her daughter one dollar for each completed mystery novel. Considering research regarding the extrinsic reinforcement of intrinsically reinforcing activities, we would expect Tracy eventually to:

Which one of the following statements best characterizes how reinforcement of incompatible behavior can help reduce people's inappropriate behaviors?

Develop a token economy for a classroom of unruly third-grade children. In your description, be sure to include and identify: a. At least two target behaviors b. The methods) of measuring the target behaviors c. Token and back-up reinforcers, and how they are dispersed d. The treatment plan

Ms. Smythe keeps Eric after school whenever he swears in class. Even though Eric has been kept after school each day for the past three weeks, his swearing has increased rather than decreased. Given what we know about the effects of punishment on behavior, Ms. Smythe should probably conclude that:

Three of the following common criticisms of using behaviorist approaches in the classroom are valid ones. Which one usually is not true about behaviorist approaches?

Teachers and other practitioners must be very careful in their use of punishment as a means of changing behavior. Three of the following are potential disadvantages in using punishment. Which statement about punishment is false?

Ms. Delahanty has several students who are chronic misbehavers. She meets individually with each student, and together the teacher and student agree to a plan for improving the student's behavior and a suitable reinforcement for appropriate behavior change. Ms. Delahanty is using:

Ms. Longman is using programmed instruction in teaching her geography class. Which one of the following are students least likely to encounter in their instruction?

Healthier eating habits make people feel better and give them more energy over the long run. Yet many people do not improve their eating habits, especially if healthful foods are difficult and time-consuming to prepare. Three of the following are possible explanations for the lack of improvement i.e., behavior change) in people's eating habits. Judging from what you have learned about instrumental conditioning, choose the alternative that is not a likely explanation.

Research indicates that when appropriate precautions are taken, the most effective method of reducing inappropriate behavior typically is:

Which one of the following is the best illustration of synthesis within Bloom's taxonomy?