Exam 6: Concurrent Processes

When using the WAIT and SIGNAL operations,____ sets the process's process control block to the blocked state and links it to the queue of processes waiting to enter this particular critical region.

Java technology is used for many Web and Internet applications,and it integrates well with browsers that can run Java applets with audio,video,and animation directly in a Web page.

Test-and-set is a single indivisible machine instruction.In a single machine cycle,it tests to see if a key is available and,if it is,sets it to unavailable.

The primary disadvantage of the WAIT and SIGNAL operation set is that it does not address busy waiting.

Early programming languages did not support the creation of threads or the existence of concurrent processes.The Ada programming language was one of the first to do so.

The master/slave configuration is a symmetric multiprocessing system.

A ____ of processing must be handled as a single unit.

The success of process synchronization hinges on the capability of the operating system to make a resource available to other processes while it is being used by one of them.

In parallel computations,mutual exclusion is achieved automatically because each operation is handled in order,one at a time.

When a programmer indicates in the code which instructions can be executed in parallel in a program (for example,using COBEGIN and COEND),it is called implicit parallelism.

Most current operating systems support the implementation of threads,or ____,which have become part of numerous application packages.

Parallel processing is a situation in which two or more processors operate in one system at the same time and may or may not work on related activities.

The common element in all synchronization schemes is to allow a process to finish work on a critical region of the program before other processes have access to it.

When multiprocessing takes place at the thread level,a high degree of synchronization is required to disassemble each process.

When a compiler automatically detects instructions that can be performed in parallel,____ is in place.

Lock and key synchronization must take place within a single ____.

The operation P in a semaphore scheme requires a(n)____ sequence to be performed as an indivisible action in a single machine cycle.

Java uses both a compiler and an interpreter.

A computer system that can support jobs that use multiple processors to execute sets of instructions in parallel is referred to as a ____ system.

The ____ multiprocessing configuration is the most difficult to implement because the processes must be well synchronized to avoid races and deadlocks.