Exam 1: Introducing Operating Systems

The Memory Manager,the Interface Manager,the User Manager,and the File Manager are the four essential managers of every major operating system.

A ____ chip holds software that is used to start the computer.

With distributed operating systems,users need to be aware of which processor is actually running their applications.

Batch systems date from early computers,when each job consisted of a stack of chips entered into the system as a unit known as a stack.

The ____ is often very different from one operating system to the next,sometimes even between different versions of the same operating system.

____ is where the data and instructions of a computer must reside to be processed.

In active multiprogramming schemes,a job can monopolize the CPU for a long time while all other jobs waited.

A system with ____ divides programs into parts and keep them in secondary storage,bringing each part into memory only as it is needed.

The central processing unit (CPU)is the brains of the computer with the circuitry to control the interpretation and execution of instructions.

____ is the practice of using Internet-connected resources to perform processing,storage,or other operations.

Onboard systems are computers that are physically placed inside the products that they operate to add features and capabilities.

The Memory Manager is in charge of main memory,widely known as ROM.

The content of a random access memory (RAM)chip is nonvolatile,meaning that it is not erased when the power is turned off.

An important function of the Processor Manager is to keep track of the status of each job,process,and thread.

In the 2010s,chips with millions of transistors that were very close together helped increase system performance dramatically.

The ____ uniquely identifies each resource,starts its operation,monitors its progress,and,finally,deallocates it,making the operating system available to the next waiting process.

The first bug was a moth trapped in a Harvard computer.

There are two primary types of user interfaces: the graphical user interface and the command line interface.