Exam 24: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

A 5-year-old female is found to have hypertension during three separate visits to her primary care provider.The nurse would expect tests to suggest that the hypertension is secondary to:

A newborn experiences frequent periods of cyanosis,usually occurring during crying or after feeding.Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis the nurse will observe on the chart?

A newborn baby is severely cyanotic.An echocardiogram reveals transposition of the great arteries.A nurse assesses for which of the following,as it usually occurs with this defect?

Which is the most common type of congenital heart defect the nurse should assess for in infants?

When the pediatrician cardiologist discusses total anomalous pulmonary venous connection,which of the following statements BEST describes this condition?

When a staff member asks what the patent opening between the aorta and pulmonary artery in a fetus is called,how should the nurse reply? It is the:

A newborn child has a murmur and cyanosis.An echocardiogram reveals that the tricuspid valve failed to develop and no blood flows between the right atrium and ventricle.What term will the nurse use to describe this condition? Tricuspid:

A 2-week-old infant presents with poor feeding,fatigue,dyspnea,and a murmur.She is diagnosed with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).A nurse recalls this condition results in a(n):

A newborn develops a murmur and cyanosis shortly after birth.She is diagnosed with pulmonic stenosis (PS)after an echocardiogram revealed narrowing of the pulmonary:

An infant undergoes an echocardiogram for a suspected heart defect.Tests reveal an opening in the middle of the atrial septum.What term would the nurse use to describe this defect?

A 1-year-old female with a ventricular septal defect is experiencing left-sided heart failure.Which of the following symptoms will most likely occur?

When a staff member asks what coarctation of the aorta is,how should the nurse respond? Coarctation of the aorta is the local narrowing of the aorta near the:

An 8-week-old infant presents to his pediatrician for a well-baby checkup.Physical exam reveals a murmur and an echocardiogram confirms a ventricular septal defect.Which of the following genetic factors should the nurse assess for as it would most likely accompany this diagnosis?

A 1-month-old infant was diagnosed with truncus arteriosus (TA)with a ventricular septal defect.Which of the following would the nurse also expect?

A newborn child is diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot.What symptoms would the nurse expect to observe in the child?

A 1-month-old infant visits his primary care provider for a well-baby check.Physical exam reveals decreased cardiac output,hypotension,tachycardia,and a loud murmur suggestive of aortic stenosis.Which of the following would be expected with this diagnosis?

A newborn is diagnosed with congenital heart disease.Which of the following intrauterine factors should the nurse focus on during the history that could have caused this disorder?

A 3-year-old male is diagnosed with Kawasaki disease.Which of the following does the nurse suspect is the most likely cause?

A 22-year-old pregnant female presents for a fetal echocardiogram.Tests reveal small left atrium and mitral valve and an absent left ventricle and aortic valve.The diagnosis is hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS).The nurse will anticipate that the treatment for this defect is:

A 40-year-old pregnant woman is concerned about the health of her unborn child.She has phenylketonuria (PKU)and recently had a viral infection.If the child is born with a congenital heart defect,which of the following is the most likely based on the mother's history? (Select all that apply.)