Exam 7: The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

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Match the effects with sympathetic or parasympathetic stimulation (or neither) of the heart. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.effect caused by sympathetic stimulation b.effect caused by parasympathetic stimulation c.not brought about by either sympathetic or parasympathetic stimulation -decreases the contractility of the atrial muscle

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Match the terms, labelled a. through f., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.stroke volume b.end-diastolic volume c.cardiac output d.heart rate e.end-systolic volume f.sympathetic activity -Stroke volume can be increased by increasing end-diastolic volume and _____.

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What is the normal direction of the impulse through the conduction system of the heart for each cardiac cycle?

(Multiple Choice)
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Match the ions, labelled a. through c., with the events being described. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.K+ b.Na+ c.Ca2+ -Parasympathetic stimulation increases the permeability of the SA node to _____, whereas sympathetic stimulation decreases the permeability to this same ion.

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Match the factor involved in the initiation and spread of cardiac excitation, labelled d. with the description. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)a. through a.SA node b.AV node c.bundle of His and Purkinje system d.gap junction -the normal pacemaker of the heart

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Which of these statements correctly describes the systemic circulation?

(Multiple Choice)
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Left-sided congestive heart failure can lead to pulmonary edema.

(True/False)
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The AV valve controls the amount of blood entering the atrium from the venous system.

(True/False)
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An increase in parasympathetic activity ____________________ the heart rate.

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The refractory period in cardiac muscle is much shorter than the refractory period in skeletal muscle to ensure that the heart can quickly be restimulated to produce alternate periods of contraction and relaxation.

(True/False)
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Match the valve abnormalities, labelled a. and b., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.valvular stenosis b.valvular insufficiency -produces a "gurgling" murmur

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Which of these events happens when the heart is sympathetically stimulated?

(Multiple Choice)
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Match the ions, labelled a. through c., with the events being described. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.K+ b.Na+ c.Ca2+ -Changes in cytosolic _____ concentration bring about changes in the strength of cardiac contraction.

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Which of these events occurs at rapid heart rates?

(Multiple Choice)
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Match the EKG features, labelled f., with their correct characteristic.a. through a.P wave b.QRS complex c.T wave d.PR interval e.TP interval f.ST segment -ventricular depolarization

(Short Answer)
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When ECF K+ levels fall below normal, the heart becomes weak, flaccid, and dilated.

(True/False)
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The semilunar valves are positioned between the atria and ventricles.

(True/False)
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The condition in which the pericardial sac becomes distended with excess fluid to the point that it impinges upon cardiac filling is known as ____________________.

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The amount of blood pumped out of the heart during each beat is known as the cardiac output.

(True/False)
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What happens during isovolumetric ventricular contraction?

(Multiple Choice)
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