Question 1

The property of a test to detect only a certain antibody or antigen, and not to react with any others, is

Accepted Answer

A)  cross-reactions. 
B)  agglutination. 
C)  precipitation. 
D)  specificity. 
E)  sensitivity. 
A)  cross-reactions. 
B)  agglutination. 
C)  precipitation. 
D)  specificity. 
E)  sensitivity. D

Question 2

Allergy testing, which is accomplished by injecting tiny amounts of allergen into the skin and examining the injection site for a reaction, is an example of an in vitro test.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

In direct antigen testing, the reaction is generally seen with the

Accepted Answer

A)  electron microscope. 
B)  naked eye. 
C)  light microscope. 
D)  API 20E miniature identification system. 
E)  PCR reaction. 
A)  electron microscope. 
B)  naked eye. 
C)  light microscope. 
D)  API 20E miniature identification system. 
E)  PCR reaction. B

Question 4

A serum titer involves

Accepted Answer

A)  serially diluting a serum sample. 
B)  determining the lowest dilution of serum that produces a visible reaction. 
C)  determining the highest dilution of antigen that produces a visible reaction. 
D)  the Western Blot method. 
A)  serially diluting a serum sample. 
B)  determining the lowest dilution of serum that produces a visible reaction. 
C)  determining the highest dilution of antigen that produces a visible reaction. 
D)  the Western Blot method.

Question 5

In _________ tests, antibody cross-links whole-cell antigens, forming complexes that settle out and form visible clumps in the test chamber.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In _________ tests, antibody cross-links whole-cell antigens,...

Question 6

Which of the following can be used for the cultivation of viruses?

Accepted Answer

A)  Enriched broth media 
B)  Viral host cells grown in vitro 
C)  Enriched agar media 
D)  All of these choices. 
A)  Enriched broth media 
B)  Viral host cells grown in vitro 
C)  Enriched agar media 
D)  All of these choices.

Question 7

All of the following are routine biochemical tests to aid in identifying a species, except

Accepted Answer

A)  motility. 
B)  carbohydrate fermentation. 
C)  catalase test. 
D)  oxidase test. 
E)  coagulase test. 
A)  motility. 
B)  carbohydrate fermentation. 
C)  catalase test. 
D)  oxidase test. 
E)  coagulase test.

Question 8

Serotyping of the pneumococcus based on capsular polysaccharide is performed in

Accepted Answer

A)  Ouchterlony double diffusion. 
B)  Western Blot. 
C)  immunelectrophoresis. 
D)  radioimmunoassay RI
A) . 
E)  the Quellung test. 
A)  Ouchterlony double diffusion. 
B)  Western Blot. 
C)  immunelectrophoresis. 
D)  radioimmunoassay RI
A) . 
E)  the Quellung test.

Question 9

A rising antibody titer a few days apart indicates

Accepted Answer

A)  the patient had a past case of the disease. 
B)  the patient has a current infection. 
C)  nothing, people always have antibodies in their serum. 
D)  All of these choices are correct. 
A)  the patient had a past case of the disease. 
B)  the patient has a current infection. 
C)  nothing, people always have antibodies in their serum. 
D)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 10

Compare and contrast agglutination and precipitation reactions, and include a description of one test for each type of reaction.

Accepted Answer

Agglutination and precipitation reaction

Question 11

Which test is the confirming test for people who initially tested antibody-positive in the screening ELISA test?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ouchterlony double diffusion 
B)  Western Blot 
C)  immunelectrophoresis 
D)  radioimmunoassay RI
A)  
E)  the Quellung test 
A)  Ouchterlony double diffusion 
B)  Western Blot 
C)  immunelectrophoresis 
D)  radioimmunoassay RI
A)  
E)  the Quellung test

Question 12

Which of the following is involved in the in vitro diagnostic testing of serum?

Accepted Answer

A)  mycology 
B)  hematology 
C)  serology 
D)  histology 
E)  virology 
A)  mycology 
B)  hematology 
C)  serology 
D)  histology 
E)  virology

Question 13

If trying to isolate a specific pathogen from amongst a variety of normal microbiota, which type of media would be most helpful?

Accepted Answer

A)  nutrient agar 
B)  differential media 
C)  blood agar 
D)  selective and differential agar 
A)  nutrient agar 
B)  differential media 
C)  blood agar 
D)  selective and differential agar

Question 14

All of the following are methods to diagnose viral infections, except

Accepted Answer

A)  detection of viral nucleic acid using specific probes. 
B)  Western Blot. 
C)  cells taken from patient are examined for evidence of viral infection. 
D)  signs and symptoms. 
E)  the light microscope. 
A)  detection of viral nucleic acid using specific probes. 
B)  Western Blot. 
C)  cells taken from patient are examined for evidence of viral infection. 
D)  signs and symptoms. 
E)  the light microscope.

Question 15

Affixing antigen to an inert particle such as a latex bead is sometimes used in which type of test?

Accepted Answer

A)  cross-reactions 
B)  agglutination 
C)  precipitation 
D)  specificity 
E)  sensitivity 
A)  cross-reactions 
B)  agglutination 
C)  precipitation 
D)  specificity 
E)  sensitivity

Question 16

Precipitation tests involve all of the following, except

Accepted Answer

A)  they rely on formation of visible clumps for detection. 
B)  they include the VDRL test for syphilis. 
C)  they are often performed in agar gels. 
D)  they can be done in a test tube by carefully adding antiserum over antigen solution. 
E)  a cloudy or opaque zone developing where antigen and antibody react. 
A)  they rely on formation of visible clumps for detection. 
B)  they include the VDRL test for syphilis. 
C)  they are often performed in agar gels. 
D)  they can be done in a test tube by carefully adding antiserum over antigen solution. 
E)  a cloudy or opaque zone developing where antigen and antibody react.

Question 17

Why do many physicians feel that stool cultures are not necessary, except in certain circumstances when diagnosing GI tract infections?

Accepted Answer

Many physicians feel that stool cultures

Question 18

Maggie was told she has a positive titer to measles. Which of the following could explain this?

Accepted Answer

A)  She was vaccinated against measles. 
B)  She had measles sometime in her life. 
C)  She has measles now. 
D)  The test was a false positive. 
E)  All of these choices are correct. 
A)  She was vaccinated against measles. 
B)  She had measles sometime in her life. 
C)  She has measles now. 
D)  The test was a false positive. 
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 19

Identify, describe, and discuss the objectives of the three main categories of identifying infectious agents using specific examples.

Accepted Answer

The three main categories of identifying

Question 20

The indirect ELISA test detects ______ in a patient's blood.

Accepted Answer

A)  antigen 
B)  antibody 
C)  microorganisms 
D)  IgE only 
E)  complement 
A)  antigen 
B)  antibody 
C)  microorganisms 
D)  IgE only 
E)  complement

Exam 17: Procedures for Identifying Pathogens and Diagnosing Infections

The property of a test to detect only a certain antibody or antigen, and not to react with any others, is

Allergy testing, which is accomplished by injecting tiny amounts of allergen into the skin and examining the injection site for a reaction, is an example of an in vitro test.

In direct antigen testing, the reaction is generally seen with the

A serum titer involves

In _________ tests, antibody cross-links whole-cell antigens, forming complexes that settle out and form visible clumps in the test chamber.

Which of the following can be used for the cultivation of viruses?

All of the following are routine biochemical tests to aid in identifying a species, except

Serotyping of the pneumococcus based on capsular polysaccharide is performed in

A rising antibody titer a few days apart indicates

Compare and contrast agglutination and precipitation reactions, and include a description of one test for each type of reaction.

Which test is the confirming test for people who initially tested antibody-positive in the screening ELISA test?

Which of the following is involved in the in vitro diagnostic testing of serum?

If trying to isolate a specific pathogen from amongst a variety of normal microbiota, which type of media would be most helpful?

All of the following are methods to diagnose viral infections, except

Affixing antigen to an inert particle such as a latex bead is sometimes used in which type of test?

Precipitation tests involve all of the following, except

Why do many physicians feel that stool cultures are not necessary, except in certain circumstances when diagnosing GI tract infections?

Maggie was told she has a positive titer to measles. Which of the following could explain this?

Identify, describe, and discuss the objectives of the three main categories of identifying infectious agents using specific examples.

The indirect ELISA test detects ______ in a patient's blood.

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods of Studying Microorganisms

A Survey of Prokaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

A Survey of Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

An Introduction to Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering: a Revolution in Molecular Biology

Physical and Chemical Agents for Microbial Control

Drugs, Microbes, Host--The Elements of Chemotherapy

Microbe-Human Interactions: Infection and Disease

An Introduction to Host Defenses and Innate Immunities

Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

The Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Cocci of Medical Importance

The Gram-Positive Bacilli of Medical Importance

The Gram-Negative Bacilli of Medical Importance

Miscellaneous Bacterial Agents of Disease

The Fungi of Medical Importance

The Parasites of Medical Importance

Introduction to Viruses That Infect Humans: the Dna Viruses

The Rna Viruses That Infect Humans

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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