Question 1

Whole antigens are detected in which type of test?

Accepted Answer

A)  cross-reactions 
B)  agglutination 
C)  precipitation 
D)  specificity 
E)  sensitivity 
A)  cross-reactions 
B)  agglutination 
C)  precipitation 
D)  specificity 
E)  sensitivity

Question 2

Minute amounts of a pathogen in a patient sample can be rapidly detected by specifically amplifying and identifying its nucleic acid using PCR. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  an immunologic method. 
B)  a microscopic method. 
C)  a phenotypic method. 
D)  a genetic method. 
A)  an immunologic method. 
B)  a microscopic method. 
C)  a phenotypic method. 
D)  a genetic method.

Question 3

Broad general characteristics of bacteria on flowcharts can be misleading for a diagnosis of disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which of the following is incorrect regarding the complement fixation test?

Accepted Answer

A)  First antigen and antibody are allowed to react. 
B)  Purified complement proteins are added to the antigen-antibody tube. 
C)  Sheep red blood cells are added to the antigen-antibody-complement mixture. 
D)  Hemolysis of the sheep red blood cells occurs in a positive test result. 
A)  First antigen and antibody are allowed to react. 
B)  Purified complement proteins are added to the antigen-antibody tube. 
C)  Sheep red blood cells are added to the antigen-antibody-complement mixture. 
D)  Hemolysis of the sheep red blood cells occurs in a positive test result.

Question 5

Some diseases are diagnosed without the need to identify microbes from a patient specimen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Soluble antigens are detected in which type of test?

Accepted Answer

A)  cross-reactions 
B)  agglutination 
C)  precipitation 
D)  specificity 
E)  sensitivity 
A)  cross-reactions 
B)  agglutination 
C)  precipitation 
D)  specificity 
E)  sensitivity

Question 7

A physician orders an antistreptolysin O ASO) titer test to check for rheumatic fever. A patient serum sample is exposed to known suspensions of streptolysin and then allowed to incubate with RBCs. If the patient does have rheumatic fever, what will happen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Not enough information is provided to speculate. 
B)  The red blood cells will lyse. 
C)  The red blood cells will agglutinate only. 
D)  The red blood cells will not lyse. 
E)  The red blood cells will fluoresce. 
A)  Not enough information is provided to speculate. 
B)  The red blood cells will lyse. 
C)  The red blood cells will agglutinate only. 
D)  The red blood cells will not lyse. 
E)  The red blood cells will fluoresce.

Question 8

Horseradish peroxidase and alkaline phosphatase are enzymes used in _____ tests.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Horseradish peroxidase and alkaline phosphatase are enzymes...

Question 9

The tuberculin test is an example of an in vivo serological test.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following choices are true about the dyes fluorescein and rhodamine?

Accepted Answer

A)  They can be used to label antibodies in immunofluorescence tests. 
B)  They emit visible light in response to ultraviolet radiation. 
C)  They are observed in the fluorescent microscope. 
D)  They are used to identify pathogens of chlamydiosis, Legionnaires'disease, and others. 
E)  All of these choices are correct. 
A)  They can be used to label antibodies in immunofluorescence tests. 
B)  They emit visible light in response to ultraviolet radiation. 
C)  They are observed in the fluorescent microscope. 
D)  They are used to identify pathogens of chlamydiosis, Legionnaires'disease, and others. 
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 11

When antibodies or other substances in serum cross-react with the test reagents, a false positive result can occur.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

When collecting __________, a "clean catch" method is often used.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When collecting __________, a "clean catch" method...

Question 13

Biochemical testing used for identification of pathogens involves each of the following, except

Accepted Answer

A)  inoculation of additional media, incubation, and observation for a color change. 
B)  quick tests that take just a few seconds. 
C)  examining organisms through the microscope. 
A)  inoculation of additional media, incubation, and observation for a color change. 
B)  quick tests that take just a few seconds. 
C)  examining organisms through the microscope.

Question 14

When serum proteins are separated by electrophoresis and then antibodies specific for the serum proteins are placed in a parallel trough in order to form reaction arcs for each protein, the test is called

Accepted Answer

A)  Ouchterlony double diffusion. 
B)  Western Blot. 
C)  immunelectrophoresis. 
D)  radioimmunoassay RI
A) . 
E)  the Quellung test. 
A)  Ouchterlony double diffusion. 
B)  Western Blot. 
C)  immunelectrophoresis. 
D)  radioimmunoassay RI
A) . 
E)  the Quellung test.

Question 15

Mary had an accidental needlestick one night during her shift as an emergency medical technician. Initially, she tested positive for HIV by the ELISA test. Which test would be done next to confirm an HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  immunoelectrophoresis 
B)  Ouchterlony 
C)  complement fixation 
D)  Western Blot 
E)  radioimmunoassay 
A)  immunoelectrophoresis 
B)  Ouchterlony 
C)  complement fixation 
D)  Western Blot 
E)  radioimmunoassay

Question 16

Which of the following methods is categorized as a direct test in order to analyze a specimen?

Accepted Answer

A)  catalase test 
B)  Gram stain 
C)  phage typing 
D)  antimicrobic sensitivity 
E)  production of gas 
A)  catalase test 
B)  Gram stain 
C)  phage typing 
D)  antimicrobic sensitivity 
E)  production of gas

Question 17

The property of a test to detect even small amounts of antibodies or antigens that are test targets is

Accepted Answer

A)  cross-reactions. 
B)  agglutination. 
C)  precipitation. 
D)  specificity. 
E)  sensitivity. 
A)  cross-reactions. 
B)  agglutination. 
C)  precipitation. 
D)  specificity. 
E)  sensitivity.

Question 18

Which of the following is not a biochemical test used to identify a pathogen?

Accepted Answer

A)  acid-fast reaction 
B)  hydrolysis of gelatin 
C)  coagulase production 
D)  indole production 
E)  carbohydrate fermentation 
A)  acid-fast reaction 
B)  hydrolysis of gelatin 
C)  coagulase production 
D)  indole production 
E)  carbohydrate fermentation

Question 19

An antibody_____ provides a measure of the quantity of antibodies in the serum.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An antibody_____ provides a measure of the...

Question 20

Sputum is obtained by

Accepted Answer

A)  swabbing the mouth to sample saliva. 
B)  a clean catch urine sample. 
C)  the patient coughing up mucus from the lower respiratory system. 
D)  a spinal tap above the chest. 
E)  a throat swab. 
A)  swabbing the mouth to sample saliva. 
B)  a clean catch urine sample. 
C)  the patient coughing up mucus from the lower respiratory system. 
D)  a spinal tap above the chest. 
E)  a throat swab.

Exam 17: Procedures for Identifying Pathogens and Diagnosing Infections

Whole antigens are detected in which type of test?

Minute amounts of a pathogen in a patient sample can be rapidly detected by specifically amplifying and identifying its nucleic acid using PCR. This is an example of

Broad general characteristics of bacteria on flowcharts can be misleading for a diagnosis of disease.

Which of the following is incorrect regarding the complement fixation test?

Some diseases are diagnosed without the need to identify microbes from a patient specimen.

Soluble antigens are detected in which type of test?

A physician orders an antistreptolysin O ASO) titer test to check for rheumatic fever. A patient serum sample is exposed to known suspensions of streptolysin and then allowed to incubate with RBCs. If the patient does have rheumatic fever, what will happen?

Horseradish peroxidase and alkaline phosphatase are enzymes used in _____ tests.

The tuberculin test is an example of an in vivo serological test.

Which of the following choices are true about the dyes fluorescein and rhodamine?

When antibodies or other substances in serum cross-react with the test reagents, a false positive result can occur.

When collecting __________, a "clean catch" method is often used.

Biochemical testing used for identification of pathogens involves each of the following, except

When serum proteins are separated by electrophoresis and then antibodies specific for the serum proteins are placed in a parallel trough in order to form reaction arcs for each protein, the test is called

Mary had an accidental needlestick one night during her shift as an emergency medical technician. Initially, she tested positive for HIV by the ELISA test. Which test would be done next to confirm an HIV infection?

Which of the following methods is categorized as a direct test in order to analyze a specimen?

The property of a test to detect even small amounts of antibodies or antigens that are test targets is

Which of the following is not a biochemical test used to identify a pathogen?

An antibody_____ provides a measure of the quantity of antibodies in the serum.

Sputum is obtained by

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods of Studying Microorganisms

A Survey of Prokaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

A Survey of Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

An Introduction to Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering: a Revolution in Molecular Biology

Physical and Chemical Agents for Microbial Control

Drugs, Microbes, Host--The Elements of Chemotherapy

Microbe-Human Interactions: Infection and Disease

An Introduction to Host Defenses and Innate Immunities

Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

The Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Cocci of Medical Importance

The Gram-Positive Bacilli of Medical Importance

The Gram-Negative Bacilli of Medical Importance

Miscellaneous Bacterial Agents of Disease

The Fungi of Medical Importance

The Parasites of Medical Importance

Introduction to Viruses That Infect Humans: the Dna Viruses

The Rna Viruses That Infect Humans

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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