Question 1

Which of the following statements would most likely be endorsed by John Watson?

Accepted Answer

A)  The best way to study conscious experience is to analyze its component parts. 
B)  We should examine how the mind helps us adapt to a complex and changing world. 
C)  People are capable of making conscious, rational choices, which can lead to growth and psychological health. 
D)  Because mental events cannot be observed, psychology should restrict its focus to observable, measurable behaviour. 
A)  The best way to study conscious experience is to analyze its component parts. 
B)  We should examine how the mind helps us adapt to a complex and changing world. 
C)  People are capable of making conscious, rational choices, which can lead to growth and psychological health. 
D)  Because mental events cannot be observed, psychology should restrict its focus to observable, measurable behaviour.

Question 2

What is the purpose of deception in psychological experiments?

Accepted Answer

A)  Subjects may be more willing to participate if they are misinformed of the risk, discomfort, or inconvenience that they may experience as a participant. 
B)  To prevent subjects from quitting a study before it is complete. 
C)  To maintain the validity of the results by minimizing behavioural changes in subjects. 
D)  To lead subjects to behave as the experimenters intended. 
A)  Subjects may be more willing to participate if they are misinformed of the risk, discomfort, or inconvenience that they may experience as a participant. 
B)  To prevent subjects from quitting a study before it is complete. 
C)  To maintain the validity of the results by minimizing behavioural changes in subjects. 
D)  To lead subjects to behave as the experimenters intended.

Question 3

Subjects are assigned to take math tests in either a crowded classroom or an almost-empty classroom. Test scores are then examined to determine whether these conditions affected performance. In this example, the independent variable is

Accepted Answer

A)  the test scores. 
B)  the subjects' mathematics skill. 
C)  not identified. 
D)  how crowded the classroom was. 
A)  the test scores. 
B)  the subjects' mathematics skill. 
C)  not identified. 
D)  how crowded the classroom was.

Question 4

Which of the following individuals would not study consciousness but would study behaviour that is directly observable?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sigmund Freud 
B)  William James 
C)  John B. Watson 
D)  Wilhelm Wundt 
A)  Sigmund Freud 
B)  William James 
C)  John B. Watson 
D)  Wilhelm Wundt

Question 5

What is given to the control group in many drug experiments?

Accepted Answer

A)  a placebo 
B)  a sizeable medical bill 
C)  experimental medication 
D)  traditional treatment 
A)  a placebo 
B)  a sizeable medical bill 
C)  experimental medication 
D)  traditional treatment

Question 6

Design a quick, basic experiment to study the effects of noise level on test taking. Identify the following: hypothesis, independent variable, dependent variable, experimental group, and control group.

Accepted Answer

Answers may be presented in paragraph, o

Question 7

A theory is a general principle or set of principles that explains how a number of separate facts are related to one another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The perspective that is defined as focusing upon how humans adapt to various environmental pressures is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  the biological perspective. 
B)  the psychoanalytic perspective 
C)  the humanistic perspective. 
D)  the evolutionary perspective. 
A)  the biological perspective. 
B)  the psychoanalytic perspective 
C)  the humanistic perspective. 
D)  the evolutionary perspective.

Question 9

Which research method is used to determine the relationship between two characteristics, events, or behaviours?

Accepted Answer

A)  the survey 
B)  the correlational method 
C)  the case study 
D)  naturalistic observation 
A)  the survey 
B)  the correlational method 
C)  the case study 
D)  naturalistic observation

Question 10

The double blind technique is used to control for the effects of

Accepted Answer

A)  selection bias. 
B)  experimenter bias. 
C)  a poorly defined dependent variable. 
D)  individual differences among subjects. 
A)  selection bias. 
B)  experimenter bias. 
C)  a poorly defined dependent variable. 
D)  individual differences among subjects.

Question 11

According to the text, which of the following is not a goal of applied research?

Accepted Answer

A)  solving specific problems 
B)  applying new knowledge to problems in the real world 
C)  advancing our general scientific understanding 
D)  improving the quality of life 
A)  solving specific problems 
B)  applying new knowledge to problems in the real world 
C)  advancing our general scientific understanding 
D)  improving the quality of life

Question 12

What must psychologists do to ensure proper treatment of the human participants in their research?

Accepted Answer

To ensure proper treatment of the human

Question 13

Consider the three schools of thought in psychology: behaviourism, psychoanalysis, and humanistic psychology. Which do you feel is most valid and which do you feel is least valid? Why?.

Accepted Answer

The focus of humanistic psychology is on

Question 14

The goals of psychology as a science are to

Accepted Answer

A)  understand human and animal behaviour fully. 
B)  study and control human behaviour. 
C)  compare, analyze, and control behaviour and mental processes. 
D)  describe, explain, predict, and influence behaviour and mental processes. 
A)  understand human and animal behaviour fully. 
B)  study and control human behaviour. 
C)  compare, analyze, and control behaviour and mental processes. 
D)  describe, explain, predict, and influence behaviour and mental processes.

Question 15

A psychology instructor studying the effects of the order of test items on test scores gave half the class a test in which the item order reflected the order in the textbook. The other half received the same questions in random order. What was the dependent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  the order of the items 
B)  the method used to assign subjects to groups 
C)  the difficulty of the items on the test 
D)  scores on the test 
A)  the order of the items 
B)  the method used to assign subjects to groups 
C)  the difficulty of the items on the test 
D)  scores on the test

Question 16

Structuralism is to basic elements as Gestalt psychology is to

Accepted Answer

A)  functional elements. 
B)  unconscious elements. 
C)  whole units. 
D)  processing units. 
A)  functional elements. 
B)  unconscious elements. 
C)  whole units. 
D)  processing units.

Question 17

Which of the following best reflects psychology's goal of explanation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Researchers have developed a test that shows which individuals are likely to develop Alzheimer's disease. 
B)  Researchers have studied how smoking habits develop so that they may develop techniques to prevent teenagers from starting the habit. 
C)  Researchers have identified a gene involved in many cases of obesity. 
D)  Researchers have examined hundreds of cases of dissociative identity disorder (multiple personality) in order to provide a clear picture of the disorder. 
A)  Researchers have developed a test that shows which individuals are likely to develop Alzheimer's disease. 
B)  Researchers have studied how smoking habits develop so that they may develop techniques to prevent teenagers from starting the habit. 
C)  Researchers have identified a gene involved in many cases of obesity. 
D)  Researchers have examined hundreds of cases of dissociative identity disorder (multiple personality) in order to provide a clear picture of the disorder.

Question 18

Jason, a champion marksman, has discovered that the sight on his best competition rifle does not hit the target where he aims it, but that it does always miss by the same distance and in the same direction. Variation in his sight best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  correlation. 
B)  random sampling. 
C)  validity. 
D)  reliability. 
A)  correlation. 
B)  random sampling. 
C)  validity. 
D)  reliability.

Question 19

How did Freud explain the unconscious and its role in the human mind?

Accepted Answer

Freud maintained that human mental life

Question 20

The school of thought in psychology known as structuralism was aimed at analyzing the basic elements of conscious mental experience.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Which of the following statements would most likely be endorsed by John Watson?

What is the purpose of deception in psychological experiments?

Subjects are assigned to take math tests in either a crowded classroom or an almost-empty classroom. Test scores are then examined to determine whether these conditions affected performance. In this example, the independent variable is

Which of the following individuals would not study consciousness but would study behaviour that is directly observable?

What is given to the control group in many drug experiments?

Design a quick, basic experiment to study the effects of noise level on test taking. Identify the following: hypothesis, independent variable, dependent variable, experimental group, and control group.

A theory is a general principle or set of principles that explains how a number of separate facts are related to one another.

The perspective that is defined as focusing upon how humans adapt to various environmental pressures is known as

Which research method is used to determine the relationship between two characteristics, events, or behaviours?

The double blind technique is used to control for the effects of

According to the text, which of the following is not a goal of applied research?

What must psychologists do to ensure proper treatment of the human participants in their research?

Consider the three schools of thought in psychology: behaviourism, psychoanalysis, and humanistic psychology. Which do you feel is most valid and which do you feel is least valid? Why?.

The goals of psychology as a science are to

A psychology instructor studying the effects of the order of test items on test scores gave half the class a test in which the item order reflected the order in the textbook. The other half received the same questions in random order. What was the dependent variable in this experiment?

Structuralism is to basic elements as Gestalt psychology is to

Which of the following best reflects psychology's goal of explanation?

Jason, a champion marksman, has discovered that the sight on his best competition rifle does not hit the target where he aims it, but that it does always miss by the same distance and in the same direction. Variation in his sight best illustrates

How did Freud explain the unconscious and its role in the human mind?

The school of thought in psychology known as structuralism was aimed at analyzing the basic elements of conscious mental experience.

Biology and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Cognition, Language, and Intelligence

Development

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Personality, Theory and Assessment

Health and Stress

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters

Exam 1: Introduction to Psychology

Which of the following statements would most likely be endorsed by John Watson?

What is the purpose of deception in psychological experiments?

Subjects are assigned to take math tests in either a crowded classroom or an almost-empty classroom. Test scores are then examined to determine whether these conditions affected performance. In this example, the independent variable is

Which of the following individuals would not study consciousness but would study behaviour that is directly observable?

What is given to the control group in many drug experiments?

Design a quick, basic experiment to study the effects of noise level on test taking. Identify the following: hypothesis, independent variable, dependent variable, experimental group, and control group.

A theory is a general principle or set of principles that explains how a number of separate facts are related to one another.

The perspective that is defined as focusing upon how humans adapt to various environmental pressures is known as

Which research method is used to determine the relationship between two characteristics, events, or behaviours?

The double blind technique is used to control for the effects of

According to the text, which of the following is not a goal of applied research?

What must psychologists do to ensure proper treatment of the human participants in their research?

Consider the three schools of thought in psychology: behaviourism, psychoanalysis, and humanistic psychology. Which do you feel is most valid and which do you feel is least valid? Why?.

The goals of psychology as a science are to

A psychology instructor studying the effects of the order of test items on test scores gave half the class a test in which the item order reflected the order in the textbook. The other half received the same questions in random order. What was the dependent variable in this experiment?

Structuralism is to basic elements as Gestalt psychology is to

Which of the following best reflects psychology's goal of explanation?

Jason, a champion marksman, has discovered that the sight on his best competition rifle does not hit the target where he aims it, but that it does always miss by the same distance and in the same direction. Variation in his sight best illustrates

How did Freud explain the unconscious and its role in the human mind?

The school of thought in psychology known as structuralism was aimed at analyzing the basic elements of conscious mental experience.

Biology and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Cognition, Language, and Intelligence

Development

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Personality, Theory and Assessment

Health and Stress

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters