Exam 1: Introduction to Psychology

Descriptive research methods

A case study is an in-depth study of one or a few participants, consisting of information gathered through observation, interviews, and psychological testing.

The group of subjects exposed to the independent variable is called

Understanding the conditions under which a given behaviour occurs enables researchers to state the causes of the behaviour. This is a requirement of the goal of

In studying the effects of hunger on competition, a researcher has subjects skip one, two, or three meals and then play a competitive game. She notes the number of points scored by subjects in the three hunger groups. In this example, the independent variable is

What is the emphasis of Gestalt psychology?

A psychology instructor studying the effects of the order of test items on test scores gave half the class a test in which the item order reflected the order in the textbook. The other half received the same questions in random order. What was the independent variable in this experiment?

A positive correlation is one in which

The textbook describes Skinner's behaviourism as a "blind alley."

Monica has the participants for her experiment sign up on a sheet of paper. She then cuts each name out individually, and places all the names in a box. Monica then pulls the first name out of the box and writes the name on the list for the experimental group in her study. The second name from the box is written on the list for the control group. She repeats this action until all the names are listed in one of the two groups. This procedure is called

________ is to general scientific understanding as ________ is to practical problems.

Of the following, which statement would most likely be endorsed by a functionalist?

Which of the following occurs when researchers' expectations about a situation cause them to see what they expect to see or to make incorrect inferences about the behaviour they observe?

Which of the following variables causes changes in the behaviour being studied?

Describe the early development of psychology as a discipline and contrast the emphases of structuralism, functionalism, and behaviourism.

Structuralism focused on the study of ________; behaviourism focused on the study of ________.

Which of the following describes a positive correlation?

The highest percentage of psychologists work in

What are the roles of the independent variable and the dependent variable in an experiment?

Much of our knowledge about sleep has been gained through