Exam 4: Genetics and Evolution

When a sperm and an egg cell combine,the result is a __________.

Since males are slightly larger than females,it follows that humans tend to be primarily monogamous and slightly polygynous.

Not all human behaviors and actions can be explained in terms of genetics and heredity,and those who try to engage in such wide-sweeping explanations are making the __________ fallacy.

Biological preparedness refers to the tendency of biological features to evolve to promote certain traits.

Who was the theorist who originated the term "survival of the fittest?"

Research has found that facial expression of emotions is highly individualized from one culture to the next,and that there are no universal human facial displays.

"Organisms with features best adapted to their environments are more likely to survive and reproduce." To whom might this statement be attributed?

Couples who engage in open relationships - where each partner is free to engage in sexual relations with other individuals - are described as polyandrous.

__________ psychology attempts to explain the development of the human mind and behavior by studying how adaptive behaviors helped human ancestors survive and reproduce.

On average,how many of your genes do you share with each of your siblings?

The process of meiosis can lead to genetic variations and mutations,but sometimes there are advantageous outcomes of this distortion.For example,people with the genetic mutation leading to sickle-cell anemia have a natural resistance to __________.

Sexually reproducing organisms produce their reproductive cells,called __________,through a process of cell duplication called __________.

Why is it that monozygotic twins share 100% of their genes?

With the theory of __________ Darwinism,individuals either adapt and survive or fall by the wayside.

Heritability refers to the degree to which genetics explains the individual variations in observable traits.

In grammar school,many children learn the following rule of English - "When two vowels go walking,the first does the talking." If you apply that rule to genetics,then choose the proper finish of the following sentence - "When two genes go walking,the __________ does the talking."

Which theorist postulated the existence of acquired characteristics?

Which philosopher criticized Herbert Spencer for suggesting that processes like society and government were,in fact,naturally occurring events that were ultimately beneficial to the human species?

A baby's cheek is stroked and she turns her head in that direction.A baby's foot is stroked and her toes curl inward.A baby has a nipple placed at his lips,and he immediately begins suckling.All of these behaviors are examples of infant __________.

Perry is the child of very tall parents,and he has the genotype to be well over 6 feet tall.Unfortunately,Perry's parents are killed when he is very young and he is raised by relatives who are of average height.Given what you know about the influences of both genetics and our environment on our physical development,what can we predict about Perry's adult height?