Exam 16: Personality and Individual Differences

Fixation is a very effective defense mechanism that helps us stay focused on a task until it has been completed or resolved.

Janine is talking to her friend Rob."You should really meet my friend Christie," she says."She's such a nice person.She's outgoing,smart,a little quirky,and really fun to be around." These qualities that Janine is listing paint a picture of Christie's __________ for Rob.

Which researchers popularized the "big five" theory of personality?

The __________ approach to studying personality is a method of interpreting personality data that is variable-centered and focuses on finding consistent patterns of relationships among individuals' traits.

Xavier had a particularly bad day at work.His boss yelled at him for something that was not his fault,his customers decided to hire a different firm,and to make it worse he got stuck in horrible rush-hour traffic on the way home.When Xavier got home,he went into his basement and wailed on a punching bag for an hour.This "venting" of his pent up rage and hostility onto a more appropriate target is called __________.

If the id operates according to the pleasure principle,then the ego operates according to the __________ principle.

Which of the following set of personality traits did psychologist Hans Eysenck believe existed?

Some studies have suggested that our personalities become _______ as we grow older.

In the 1930s,Gordon Allport and H.S.Odbert became two of the first theorists to attempt to identify the basic human personality traits by creating a 'trait dictionary'.About how many trait descriptors were included in that book?

The most widely used and researched of all personality inventories is the MMPI.

The hierarchy of __________ is a pyramidal structure that shows the five basic requirements that must be satisfied for a person to achieve self-actualization.

A __________ theory states that a set of meaningful and distinct personality dimensions can be used to describe how people differ from one another.

__________ is a focus on one particular erogenous zone of the body.

The __________ approach to studying personality is a method of interpreting data that is person-oriented and focuses on how the unique parts of a person's personality form a consistent whole.

Based on his research and his re-working of Allport's list of 18,000 personality descriptors,Raymond Cattell identified __________ different personality traits.

If you are describing your best friend to another person,you might rattle off a list of qualities to describe that individual.These qualities,or __________,are the building blocks of what we understand to be an individual's personality.

A Freudian __________ is an error in speech that represents the surfacing of repressed memories and thoughts.

Which of the following is not one of the ways that people deal with their anxiety,according to theorist Karen Horney?

According to Carl Rogers and the humanistic theory of personality,which of the following is the crucial ingredient to helping people become their "real" selves?

__________ is a personality trait exhibiting the tendency to think and act in a collectivist manner.