Question 1

Table 8.3
Amino Acids Encoded by the Human p53 Gene
  
-Based on the information in Table 8.3, prostate cancer is probably the result of which kind of mutation?

Accepted Answer

A)  nonsense 
B)  analog 
C)  missense 
D)  frameshift 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  nonsense 
B)  analog 
C)  missense 
D)  frameshift 
E)  None of the answers is correct. A

Question 2

Figure 8.2
   REPLICATION FORK
-In Figure 8.2, if base 4 is thymine, what is base 4'?

Accepted Answer

A)  thymine 
B)  cytosine 
C)  adenine 
D)  uracil 
E)  guanine 
A)  thymine 
B)  cytosine 
C)  adenine 
D)  uracil 
E)  guanine C

Question 3

Both base substitution and frameshift mutations can result in the formation of premature stop codons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Figure 8.5
  
-In Figure 8.5, which model of the lac operon correctly shows RNA polymerase, lactose, and repressor protein when the structural genes are being transcribed?

Accepted Answer

A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  d 
E)  e 
A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  d 
E)  e

Question 5

Transformation is the transfer of DNA from a donor to a recipient cell

Accepted Answer

A)  by cell- to- cell contact. 
B)  by sexual reproduction. 
C)  as naked DNA in solution. 
D)  by crossing over. 
E)  by a bacteriophage. 
A)  by cell- to- cell contact. 
B)  by sexual reproduction. 
C)  as naked DNA in solution. 
D)  by crossing over. 
E)  by a bacteriophage.

Question 6

The mechanism by which the presence of glucose inhibits the arabinose operon is

Accepted Answer

A)  catabolite repression. 
B)  repression. 
C)  DNA polymerase. 
D)  translation. 
E)  induction. 
A)  catabolite repression. 
B)  repression. 
C)  DNA polymerase. 
D)  translation. 
E)  induction.

Question 7

Table 8.1 $\text { Culture 1: F+, leucinet+, histidinet +}$
$\text { Culture 2: F-, leucine-, histidine- }$
-In Table 8.1, if culture 1 mutates to Hfr, what will be the result of conjugation between the two cultures?

Accepted Answer

A)  They will both remain the same. 
B)  1 will remain the same; recombination will occur in 2 
C)  1 will become F- , leu+, his+; 2 will become Hfr, leu+, his+ 
D)  1 will become F+, leu+, his+; 2 will become F+, leu+, his+ 
E)  The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided. 
A)  They will both remain the same. 
B)  1 will remain the same; recombination will occur in 2 
C)  1 will become F- , leu+, his+; 2 will become Hfr, leu+, his+ 
D)  1 will become F+, leu+, his+; 2 will become F+, leu+, his+ 
E)  The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided.

Question 8

Conjugation differs from reproduction because conjugation

Accepted Answer

A)  transfers DNA vertically, to new cells. 
B)  replicates DNA. 
C)  copies RNA to make DNA. 
D)  transfers DNA horizontally, to cells in the same generation. 
E)  transcribes DNA to RNA. 
A)  transfers DNA vertically, to new cells. 
B)  replicates DNA. 
C)  copies RNA to make DNA. 
D)  transfers DNA horizontally, to cells in the same generation. 
E)  transcribes DNA to RNA.

Question 9

Table 8.2 $\begin{array} { | l | l | l | l | } 
\hline \text { UUA } & \text { leucine } & \text { UAA } & \text { nonsense } \
\hline \text { GCA } & \text { alanine } & \text { AAU } & \text { sparagine } \
\hline \text { AAG } & \text { lysine } & \text { UGC } & \text { cysteine } \
\hline \text { GUU } & \text { valine } & \begin{array} { l } 
\text { UCG, } \
\text { UCU }
\end{array} & \text { serine } \
\hline
\end{array}$ Codon on mRNA and corresponding amino acid
-Refer to Table 8.2. If the sequence of amino acids encoded by a strand of DNA is serine- alanine- lysine- leucine, what is the order of bases in the sense strand of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  3' AGACGTTTCAAT 
B)  3' UGUGCAAAGUUA 
C)  3' TCTCGTTTGTTA 
D)  5' TGTGCTTTCTTA 
E)  5' AGAGCTTTGAAT 
A)  3' AGACGTTTCAAT 
B)  3' UGUGCAAAGUUA 
C)  3' TCTCGTTTGTTA 
D)  5' TGTGCTTTCTTA 
E)  5' AGAGCTTTGAAT

Question 10

Mutations that are harmful to cells occur more frequently than those that benefit cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

An enzyme produced in response to the presence of a substrate is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  promoter. 
B)  restriction enzyme. 
C)  repressible enzyme. 
D)  inducible enzyme. 
E)  operator. 
A)  promoter. 
B)  restriction enzyme. 
C)  repressible enzyme. 
D)  inducible enzyme. 
E)  operator.

Question 12

Cell- to- cell contact is required for transduction to occur.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Transposition results in the formation of base substitution mutations in a cell's DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

An enzyme that makes covalent bonds between nucleotide sequences in DNA is

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA polymerase. 
B)  DNA ligase 
C)  RNA polymerase. 
D)  transposase. 
E)  DNA helicase. 
A)  DNA polymerase. 
B)  DNA ligase 
C)  RNA polymerase. 
D)  transposase. 
E)  DNA helicase.

Question 15

Figure 8.3 - Metabolic Pathway  
-In Figure 8.3, if enzyme A is a repressible enzyme, compound C would

Accepted Answer

A)  bind to the enzyme. 
B)  bind to RNA polymerase. 
C)  bind to gene a. 
D)  always be in excess. 
E)  bind to the corepressor. 
A)  bind to the enzyme. 
B)  bind to RNA polymerase. 
C)  bind to gene a. 
D)  always be in excess. 
E)  bind to the corepressor.

Question 16

Which of the following statements regarding a bacterium that is R+ is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It possesses a plasmid. 
B)  R+ can be transferred to a cell of the same species. 
C)  R+ can be transferred to a different species. 
D)  It is F+. 
E)  It is resistant to certain drugs and heavy metals. 
A)  It possesses a plasmid. 
B)  R+ can be transferred to a cell of the same species. 
C)  R+ can be transferred to a different species. 
D)  It is F+. 
E)  It is resistant to certain drugs and heavy metals.

Question 17

Scientists are concerned that bacteria will be resistant to all antibiotics within the next decade. Using your knowledge of genetics, describe how bacterial populations can develop drug resistance in such a short time frame.

Accepted Answer

Bacterial populations can develop drug r

Question 18

DNA is constructed of

Accepted Answer

A)  a single strand of nucleotides with internal hydrogen bonding. 
B)  two complementary strands of nucleotides bonded A-C and G-T. 
C)  two strands of identical nucleotides with hydrogen bonds between them. 
D)  two strands of nucleotides running antiparallel. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  a single strand of nucleotides with internal hydrogen bonding. 
B)  two complementary strands of nucleotides bonded A-C and G-T. 
C)  two strands of identical nucleotides with hydrogen bonds between them. 
D)  two strands of nucleotides running antiparallel. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 19

The necessary ingredients for DNA synthesis can be mixed together in a test tube. The DNA polymerase is from Thermus aquaticus, and the template is from a human cell. The DNA synthesized would be most similar to

Accepted Answer

A)  human DNA. 
B)  T. aquaticus DNA. 
C)  a mixture of human and T. aquaticus DNA. 
D)  human RNA. 
E)  T. aquaticus RNA. 
A)  human DNA. 
B)  T. aquaticus DNA. 
C)  a mixture of human and T. aquaticus DNA. 
D)  human RNA. 
E)  T. aquaticus RNA.

Question 20

Bacteria typically contain multiple chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 8: Microbial Genetics

Table 8.3 Amino Acids Encoded by the Human p53 Gene -Based on the information in Table 8.3, prostate cancer is probably the result of which kind of mutation?

Figure 8.2 REPLICATION FORK -In Figure 8.2, if base 4 is thymine, what is base 4'?

Both base substitution and frameshift mutations can result in the formation of premature stop codons.

Figure 8.5 -In Figure 8.5, which model of the lac operon correctly shows RNA polymerase, lactose, and repressor protein when the structural genes are being transcribed?

Transformation is the transfer of DNA from a donor to a recipient cell

The mechanism by which the presence of glucose inhibits the arabinose operon is

Conjugation differs from reproduction because conjugation

Mutations that are harmful to cells occur more frequently than those that benefit cells.

An enzyme produced in response to the presence of a substrate is called a(n)

Cell- to- cell contact is required for transduction to occur.

Transposition results in the formation of base substitution mutations in a cell's DNA.

An enzyme that makes covalent bonds between nucleotide sequences in DNA is

Figure 8.3 - Metabolic Pathway -In Figure 8.3, if enzyme A is a repressible enzyme, compound C would

Which of the following statements regarding a bacterium that is R+ is FALSE?

Scientists are concerned that bacteria will be resistant to all antibiotics within the next decade. Using your knowledge of genetics, describe how bacterial populations can develop drug resistance in such a short time frame.

DNA is constructed of

The necessary ingredients for DNA synthesis can be mixed together in a test tube. The DNA polymerase is from Thermus aquaticus, and the template is from a human cell. The DNA synthesized would be most similar to

Bacteria typically contain multiple chromosomes.

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Biotechnology and Recombinant Dna

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

Filters

Which of the following statements regarding a bacterium that is R⁺is FALSE?