Question 1

Figure 8.2
   REPLICATION FORK
-In Figure 8.2, if base 4 is thymine, what is base 11'?

Accepted Answer

A)  guanine 
B)  uracil 
C)  thymine 
D)  adenine 
E)  cytosine 
A)  guanine 
B)  uracil 
C)  thymine 
D)  adenine 
E)  cytosine

Question 2

An enzyme that copies DNA to make a molecule of RNA is

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA polymerase. 
B)  transposase. 
C)  RNA polymerase. 
D)  DNA ligase. 
E)  DNA helicase. 
A)  DNA polymerase. 
B)  transposase. 
C)  RNA polymerase. 
D)  DNA ligase. 
E)  DNA helicase.

Question 3

The initial effect of ionizing radiation on a cell is that it causes

Accepted Answer

A)  bonding between adjacent thymines. 
B)  DNA to break. 
C)  base substitutions. 
D)  the cells to get hot. 
E)  the formation of highly reactive ions. 
A)  bonding between adjacent thymines. 
B)  DNA to break. 
C)  base substitutions. 
D)  the cells to get hot. 
E)  the formation of highly reactive ions.

Question 4

Table 8.2
Codon on mRNA and corresponding amino acid $\begin{array} { | l | l | l | l | } 
\hline \text { UUA } & \text { leucine } & \text { UAA } & \text { nonsense } \
\hline \text { GCA } & \text { alanine } & \text { AAU } & \text { sparagine } \
\hline \text { AAG } & \text { lysine } & \text { UGC } & \text { cysteine } \
\hline \text { GUU } & \text { valine } & \begin{array} { l } 
\text { UCG, } \
\text { UCU }
\end{array} & \text { serine } \
\hline
\end{array}$
-Refer to Table 8.2. If a frameshift mutation occurred in the sequence of bases shown below, what would be the sequence of amino acids coded for? 3' ATTACGCTTTGC

Accepted Answer

A)  asparagine- cysteine- valine- serine 
B)  leucine- arginine- lysine- alanine 
C)  asparagine- arginine- lysine- alanine 
D)  Translation would stop at the first codon. 
E)  The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided. 
A)  asparagine- cysteine- valine- serine 
B)  leucine- arginine- lysine- alanine 
C)  asparagine- arginine- lysine- alanine 
D)  Translation would stop at the first codon. 
E)  The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided.

Question 5

When glucose is high, cAMP is : CAP bind the lac operator, and RNA polymerase bind the lac promoter.

Accepted Answer

A)  high; does not; does 
B)  low; does not; does not 
C)  high; does; does 
D)  low; does not; does 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  high; does not; does 
B)  low; does not; does not 
C)  high; does; does 
D)  low; does not; does 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 6

Figure 8.3 - Metabolic Pathway  
-In Figure 8.3, if compound C reacts with the allosteric site of enzyme A, this would exemplify

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription. 
B)  feedback inhibition. 
C)  a mutation. 
D)  repression. 
E)  competitive inhibition. 
A)  transcription. 
B)  feedback inhibition. 
C)  a mutation. 
D)  repression. 
E)  competitive inhibition.

Question 7

Table 8.2
Codon on mRNA and corresponding amino acid $\begin{array} { | l | l | l | l | } 
\hline \text { UUA } & \text { leucine } & \text { UAA } & \text { nonsense } \
\hline \text { GCA } & \text { alanine } & \text { AAU } & \text { sparagine } \
\hline \text { AAG } & \text { lysine } & \text { UGC } & \text { cysteine } \
\hline \text { GUU } & \text { valine } & \begin{array} { l } 
\text { UCG, } \
\text { UCU }
\end{array} & \text { serine } \
\hline
\end{array}$
-Refer to Table 8.2 The anticodon for valine is

Accepted Answer

A)  GUU. 
B)  CUU. 
C)  CAA. 
D)  CTT. 
E)  GTA. 
A)  GUU. 
B)  CUU. 
C)  CAA. 
D)  CTT. 
E)  GTA.

Question 8

The damage caused by ultraviolet radiation is

Accepted Answer

A)  repaired during transcription. 
B)  repaired during translation. 
C)  cut out and replaced. 
D)  never repaired. 
E)  repaired by DNA replication. 
A)  repaired during transcription. 
B)  repaired during translation. 
C)  cut out and replaced. 
D)  never repaired. 
E)  repaired by DNA replication.

Question 9

Genetic change in bacteria can be brought about by

Accepted Answer

A)  transduction. 
B)  conjugation. 
C)  transformation. 
D)  mutation. 
E)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  transduction. 
B)  conjugation. 
C)  transformation. 
D)  mutation. 
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 10

Assume the two E.coli strains shown below are allowed to conjugate. Hfr: pro+, arg+, his+, lys+, met+, ampicillin- sensitive F: pro- , arg- , his- , lys- , met- , ampicillin- resistant
What supplements would you add to glucose minimal salts agar to select for a recombinant cell that is lys+, arg+, amp- resistant?

Accepted Answer

A)  ampicillin, proline, histidine, methionine 
B)  ampicillin, prolein, histidine, lysine 
C)  ampicillin, lysine, arginine 
D)  proline, histidine, methionine 
E)  lysine, arginine 
A)  ampicillin, proline, histidine, methionine 
B)  ampicillin, prolein, histidine, lysine 
C)  ampicillin, lysine, arginine 
D)  proline, histidine, methionine 
E)  lysine, arginine

Question 11

Figure 8.1
  
-In Figure 8.1, which colonies are streptomycin- resistant and leucine- requiring?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 and 6 
B)  4, 6, and 8 
C)  1, 2, 3, and 9 
D)  4 and 8 
E)  3 and 9 
A)  5 and 6 
B)  4, 6, and 8 
C)  1, 2, 3, and 9 
D)  4 and 8 
E)  3 and 9

Question 12

Figure 8.3 - Metabolic Pathway  
-In Figure 8.3, if enzyme A is an inducible enzyme,

Accepted Answer

A)  compound C would bind to the repressor. 
B)  compound B would bind to enzyme A. 
C)  compound A would bind to the repressor. 
D)  compound C would react with gene a. 
E)  compound A would react with enzyme B. 
A)  compound C would bind to the repressor. 
B)  compound B would bind to enzyme A. 
C)  compound A would bind to the repressor. 
D)  compound C would react with gene a. 
E)  compound A would react with enzyme B.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about bacteriocins is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The genes coding for them are on plasmids. 
B)  They cause food- poisoning symptoms. 
C)  Bacteriocins kill bacteria. 
D)  Nisin is a bacteriocin used as a food preservative. 
E)  They can be used to identify certain bacteria. 
A)  The genes coding for them are on plasmids. 
B)  They cause food- poisoning symptoms. 
C)  Bacteriocins kill bacteria. 
D)  Nisin is a bacteriocin used as a food preservative. 
E)  They can be used to identify certain bacteria.

Question 14

Some organisms may contain multiple genomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The lagging strand of DNA is started by an RNA primer. 
B)  DNA replication proceeds in one direction around the bacterial chromosome. 
C)  Multiple replication forks are possible on a bacterial chromosome. 
D)  The leading strand of DNA is made continuously. 
E)  DNA polymerase joins nucleotides in one direction only. 
A)  The lagging strand of DNA is started by an RNA primer. 
B)  DNA replication proceeds in one direction around the bacterial chromosome. 
C)  Multiple replication forks are possible on a bacterial chromosome. 
D)  The leading strand of DNA is made continuously. 
E)  DNA polymerase joins nucleotides in one direction only.

Question 16

Protein synthesis in eukaryotes is similar to the process in prokaryotes in that both eukaryotes and prokaryotes

Accepted Answer

A)  require snRNPS. 
B)  use codons to determine polypeptide sequences. 
C)  have exons. 
D)  have introns. 
E)  use methionine as the "start" amino acid. 
A)  require snRNPS. 
B)  use codons to determine polypeptide sequences. 
C)  have exons. 
D)  have introns. 
E)  use methionine as the "start" amino acid.

Question 17

The cancer gene ras produces mRNA containing an extra exon that includes a number of UAA codons. Cancer cells produce ras mRNA missing this exon. This mistake most likely is due to a mistake by

Accepted Answer

A)  UV radiation. 
B)  DNA polymerase. 
C)  snRNPs. 
D)  photolyases. 
E)  a chemical mutagen. 
A)  UV radiation. 
B)  DNA polymerase. 
C)  snRNPs. 
D)  photolyases. 
E)  a chemical mutagen.

Question 18

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA ligase - joins segments of DNA 
B)  RNA polymerase - makes a molecule of RNA from an RNA template 
C)  DNA polymerase - makes a molecule of DNA from a DNA template 
D)  DNA gyrase - coils and twists DNA 
E)  transposase - insertion of DNA segments into DNA 
A)  DNA ligase - joins segments of DNA 
B)  RNA polymerase - makes a molecule of RNA from an RNA template 
C)  DNA polymerase - makes a molecule of DNA from a DNA template 
D)  DNA gyrase - coils and twists DNA 
E)  transposase - insertion of DNA segments into DNA

Question 19

The miRNAs in a cell

Accepted Answer

A)  are responsible for inducing operons. 
B)  allow different cells to produce different proteins. 
C)  are found in prokaryotic cells. 
D)  are a part of the prokaryotic ribosome. 
E)  are a part of the eukaryotic ribosome. 
A)  are responsible for inducing operons. 
B)  allow different cells to produce different proteins. 
C)  are found in prokaryotic cells. 
D)  are a part of the prokaryotic ribosome. 
E)  are a part of the eukaryotic ribosome.

Question 20

According to the operon model, for the synthesis of an inducible enzyme to occur, the

Accepted Answer

A)  substrate must bind to the enzyme. 
B)  substrate must bind to the repressor. 
C)  repressor must bind to the operator. 
D)  end- product must not be in excess. 
E)  repressor must not be synthesized. 
A)  substrate must bind to the enzyme. 
B)  substrate must bind to the repressor. 
C)  repressor must bind to the operator. 
D)  end- product must not be in excess. 
E)  repressor must not be synthesized.

Exam 8: Microbial Genetics

Figure 8.2 REPLICATION FORK -In Figure 8.2, if base 4 is thymine, what is base 11'?

An enzyme that copies DNA to make a molecule of RNA is

The initial effect of ionizing radiation on a cell is that it causes

When glucose is high, cAMP is : CAP bind the lac operator, and RNA polymerase bind the lac promoter.

Figure 8.3 - Metabolic Pathway -In Figure 8.3, if compound C reacts with the allosteric site of enzyme A, this would exemplify

Table 8.2 Codon on mRNA and corresponding amino acid UUA leucine UAA nonsense GCA alanine AAU sparagine AAG lysine UGC cysteine GUU valine UCG, UCU serine -Refer to Table 8.2 The anticodon for valine is

The damage caused by ultraviolet radiation is

Genetic change in bacteria can be brought about by

Figure 8.1 -In Figure 8.1, which colonies are streptomycin- resistant and leucine- requiring?

Figure 8.3 - Metabolic Pathway -In Figure 8.3, if enzyme A is an inducible enzyme,

Which of the following statements about bacteriocins is FALSE?

Some organisms may contain multiple genomes.

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Protein synthesis in eukaryotes is similar to the process in prokaryotes in that both eukaryotes and prokaryotes

The cancer gene ras produces mRNA containing an extra exon that includes a number of UAA codons. Cancer cells produce ras mRNA missing this exon. This mistake most likely is due to a mistake by

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

The miRNAs in a cell

According to the operon model, for the synthesis of an inducible enzyme to occur, the

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Biotechnology and Recombinant Dna

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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