Question 1

Normal development of the immune response is due in part to hormones produced by the .

Accepted Answer

A) thymus gland 
B) pancreas 
C) thyroid gland 
D) adrenal medulla 
A) thymus gland 
B) pancreas 
C) thyroid gland 
D) adrenal medulla

Question 2

Growth hormones act indirectly to make the epiphyseal plate cartilage grow.What then acts directly to make it grow?

Accepted Answer

The growth hormone stimulates

Question 3

The second- messenger mechanism of hormone action operates by .

Accepted Answer

A) binding to specific receptors and employing the services of G proteins and cAMP 
B) increasing the basal metabolic rate in the target organ 
C) synthesizing more of the hormone than is actually needed 
D) not responding to a feedback mechanism 
A) binding to specific receptors and employing the services of G proteins and cAMP 
B) increasing the basal metabolic rate in the target organ 
C) synthesizing more of the hormone than is actually needed 
D) not responding to a feedback mechanism

Question 4

Which of the following is not a steroid- based hormone?

Accepted Answer

A) estrogen 
B) epinephrine 
C) cortisone 
D) aldosterone 
A) estrogen 
B) epinephrine 
C) cortisone 
D) aldosterone

Question 5

One of the least complicated of the endocrine control systems directly responds to changing blood levels of ions and nutrients.Which of the following describes this mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A) humoral stimulation 
B) protein synthesis 
C) catabolic inhibition 
D) the rapid oxidation of carbohydrates 
A) humoral stimulation 
B) protein synthesis 
C) catabolic inhibition 
D) the rapid oxidation of carbohydrates

Question 6

Alpha islet cells produce _ ,an extremely potent hyperglycemic hormone.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Alpha islet cells produce _ ,an extremely...

Question 7

Briefly discuss target cell activation by hormone- receptor interaction.

Accepted Answer

The first step is hormone- receptor bind

Question 8

The hypothalamic- hypophyseal tract .

Accepted Answer

A) conducts aldosterone to the hypophysis 
B) is the site of prolactin synthesis 
C) connects the hypophysis to the pituitary gland 
D) is partly contained within the infundibulum 
A) conducts aldosterone to the hypophysis 
B) is the site of prolactin synthesis 
C) connects the hypophysis to the pituitary gland 
D) is partly contained within the infundibulum

Question 9

The neurohypophysis or posterior lobe of the pituitary gland is not a true endocrine gland because .

Accepted Answer

A) embryonically it was an endocrine tissue,but in the adult human it is no longer functional 
B) it is strictly a part of the neural system and has little or nothing to do with hormonal release 
C) it is unable to function as an endocrine tissue because it is actually part of the neural system due to its location 
D) it is only a hormone storage area that receives hormones from the hypothalamus for release 
A) embryonically it was an endocrine tissue,but in the adult human it is no longer functional 
B) it is strictly a part of the neural system and has little or nothing to do with hormonal release 
C) it is unable to function as an endocrine tissue because it is actually part of the neural system due to its location 
D) it is only a hormone storage area that receives hormones from the hypothalamus for release

Question 10

How is the heart involved as an endocrine gland?

Accepted Answer

A few cardiac cells secrete at

Question 11

What is the difference between autocrines and paracrines?

Accepted Answer

Autocrines are self- regulating chemical

Question 12

Which of the choices below is not a factor required for target cell activation by hormone receptor interaction?

Accepted Answer

A) strength of the bond between the receptor and hormone 
B) blood levels of hormone 
C) number of receptors for that hormone 
D) type of hormone 
A) strength of the bond between the receptor and hormone 
B) blood levels of hormone 
C) number of receptors for that hormone 
D) type of hormone

Question 13

The parathyroid glands maintain adequate levels of blood calcium.This is accomplished through .

Accepted Answer

A) blocking the action of growth hormone 
B) targeting the bone and activating osteoclasts so that calcium will be released 
C) slowing the activity of tissues that require calcium for activity 
D) antagonizing the synthesis of calcitonin 
A) blocking the action of growth hormone 
B) targeting the bone and activating osteoclasts so that calcium will be released 
C) slowing the activity of tissues that require calcium for activity 
D) antagonizing the synthesis of calcitonin

Question 14

Which organ does not have hormone production?

Accepted Answer

A) heart 
B) skin 
C) liver 
D) kidney 
A) heart 
B) skin 
C) liver 
D) kidney

Question 15

When it becomes necessary to enlist the fight- or- flight response,a hormone that is released during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome is _ .

Accepted Answer

A) epinephrine 
B) estrogen 
C) angiotensinogen 
D) renin 
A) epinephrine 
B) estrogen 
C) angiotensinogen 
D) renin

Question 16

Several hormones are synthesized in the hypothalamus and transported to the anterior pituitary gland.The mechanism of transportation from hypothalamus to anterior pituitary gland is through the .

Accepted Answer

A) hepatic portal system 
B) hypophyseal portal system 
C) general circulatory system 
D) feedback loop 
A) hepatic portal system 
B) hypophyseal portal system 
C) general circulatory system 
D) feedback loop

Question 17

In circumstances where the body requires prolonged or increased levels of a hormone,the DNA of target cells will specify the synthesis of more receptors on the surface of the cells of the target organ.This is known as .

Accepted Answer

A) the cell's sensitivity reaction 
B) up- regulation 
C) cellular affinity 
D) a reaction to a stressor 
A) the cell's sensitivity reaction 
B) up- regulation 
C) cellular affinity 
D) a reaction to a stressor

Question 18

A man has been told that he is not synthesizing enough follicle- stimulating hormone FSH),and for this reason he may be unable to father a child.Choose the correct statement to explain this problem.

Accepted Answer

A) FSH stimulates estrogen secretion by ovarian cells; therefore it is not synthesized by males. 
B) FSH stimulates sperm production in the testes. 
C) The man must be producing progesterone,which inhibits the synthesis of FSH. 
D) The physician is wrong-a hormone made in the adenohypophysis could not influence fertility. 
A) FSH stimulates estrogen secretion by ovarian cells; therefore it is not synthesized by males. 
B) FSH stimulates sperm production in the testes. 
C) The man must be producing progesterone,which inhibits the synthesis of FSH. 
D) The physician is wrong-a hormone made in the adenohypophysis could not influence fertility.

Question 19

Cellular responses to hormones that initiate second- messenger systems include .

Accepted Answer

A) hormone binding to intracellular receptors 
B) cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase formation of an active second messenger 
C) formation of a specific protein kinase that acts on a series of extracellular intermediates 
D) possible activation of several different second- messenger systems 
A) hormone binding to intracellular receptors 
B) cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase formation of an active second messenger 
C) formation of a specific protein kinase that acts on a series of extracellular intermediates 
D) possible activation of several different second- messenger systems

Question 20

Which of the following is true about calcium homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

A) Increased calcitonin levels will cause increased blood calcium levels. 
B) Parathyroid hormone is the single most important regulator of calcium levels in the blood. 
C) High calcium levels cause bone resorption. 
D) Parathyroid hormone causes an increase in osteoblast activity. 
A) Increased calcitonin levels will cause increased blood calcium levels. 
B) Parathyroid hormone is the single most important regulator of calcium levels in the blood. 
C) High calcium levels cause bone resorption. 
D) Parathyroid hormone causes an increase in osteoblast activity.

Exam 15: The Endocrine System

Normal development of the immune response is due in part to hormones produced by the .

Growth hormones act indirectly to make the epiphyseal plate cartilage grow.What then acts directly to make it grow?

The second- messenger mechanism of hormone action operates by .

Which of the following is not a steroid- based hormone?

One of the least complicated of the endocrine control systems directly responds to changing blood levels of ions and nutrients.Which of the following describes this mechanism?

Alpha islet cells produce _ ,an extremely potent hyperglycemic hormone.

Briefly discuss target cell activation by hormone- receptor interaction.

The hypothalamic- hypophyseal tract .

The neurohypophysis or posterior lobe of the pituitary gland is not a true endocrine gland because .

How is the heart involved as an endocrine gland?

What is the difference between autocrines and paracrines?

Which of the choices below is not a factor required for target cell activation by hormone receptor interaction?

The parathyroid glands maintain adequate levels of blood calcium.This is accomplished through .

Which organ does not have hormone production?

When it becomes necessary to enlist the fight- or- flight response,a hormone that is released during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome is _ .

Several hormones are synthesized in the hypothalamus and transported to the anterior pituitary gland.The mechanism of transportation from hypothalamus to anterior pituitary gland is through the .

In circumstances where the body requires prolonged or increased levels of a hormone,the DNA of target cells will specify the synthesis of more receptors on the surface of the cells of the target organ.This is known as .

A man has been told that he is not synthesizing enough follicle- stimulating hormone FSH),and for this reason he may be unable to father a child.Choose the correct statement to explain this problem.

Cellular responses to hormones that initiate second- messenger systems include .

Which of the following is true about calcium homeostasis?

The Human Body: an Orientation

Chemistry Comes Alive

Cells: the Living Units

Tissues: the Living Fabric

The Integumentary System

Bones and Skeletal Tissues

The Skeleton

Joints

Muscles and Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity

The Autonomic Nervous System

Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Nutrition,metabolism,and Body Temperature Regulation

The Urinary System

Fluid,electrolyte,and Acid-Based Balance

The Reproductive System

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