Question 1

How do scientists hope the discovery of drugs such as NMDA antagonists and calcium channel blockers will improve the outlook for stroke patients?

Accepted Answer

After a stroke,neurons deprived of oxygen release large amounts of glutamate.This acts as an excitotoxin on receptors,causing among other things)calcium influx.These changes result in damage to surrounding healthy cells,which then release additional glutamate.Scientists hope that rapid administration of NMDA antagonists or calcium channel blockers will stop the chain reaction and prevent additional destruction of tissue.

Question 2

Two terms for the massive motor tracts serving voluntary movement are _ _.

Accepted Answer

A) pyramidal and corticospinal 
B) supplementary and cerebellar- pontine 
C) extrapyramidal and rubrospinal 
D) segmental and nigrostriatal 
A) pyramidal and corticospinal 
B) supplementary and cerebellar- pontine 
C) extrapyramidal and rubrospinal 
D) segmental and nigrostriatal A

Question 3

Which of the following structures is probably not directly involved in memory?

Accepted Answer

A) prefrontal cortex 
B) medulla 
C) hippocampus 
D) amygdala 
A) prefrontal cortex 
B) medulla 
C) hippocampus 
D) amygdala B

Question 4

The hypothalamus .

Accepted Answer

A) has the Pulvinar body as part of its structure 
B) is the thermostat of the body because it regulates temperature 
C) is an important auditory and visual relay center 
D) mediates sensations 
A) has the Pulvinar body as part of its structure 
B) is the thermostat of the body because it regulates temperature 
C) is an important auditory and visual relay center 
D) mediates sensations

Question 5

A shallow groove on the surface of the cortex is called a .

Accepted Answer

A) furrow 
B) sulcus 
C) fissure 
D) gyrus 
A) furrow 
B) sulcus 
C) fissure 
D) gyrus

Question 6

The includes the thalamus,hypothalamus,and epithalamus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The includes the thalamus,hypothalamus,and epithalamus....

Question 7

Cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the spinal nerves are located in .

Accepted Answer

A) the thalamus 
B) sympathetic ganglia 
C) the ventral root ganglia of the spinal cord 
D) the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord 
A) the thalamus 
B) sympathetic ganglia 
C) the ventral root ganglia of the spinal cord 
D) the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord

Question 8

Which brain areas lack a blood- brain barrier,and what purpose does this absence serve?

Accepted Answer

The blood- brain barrier is absent aroun

Question 9

In stage 3 sleep,and waves appear.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In stage 3 sleep,and waves appear....

Question 10

What is the limbic system?

Accepted Answer

This is a functional area of the brain t

Question 11

Which fissure separates the cerebral hemispheres?

Accepted Answer

A) parieto- occipital fissure 
B) central fissure 
C) lateral fissure 
D) longitudinal fissure 
A) parieto- occipital fissure 
B) central fissure 
C) lateral fissure 
D) longitudinal fissure

Question 12

Sensory neurons enter the spinal cord via the horn.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sensory neurons enter the spinal cord via...

Question 13

Describe the main ideas of the holistic processing school of thought,relative to consciousness.

Accepted Answer

Holistic processing involves m

Question 14

The white matter of the spinal cord contains .

Accepted Answer

A) unmyelinated nerve fibers only 
B) soma that have both myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers 
C) myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers 
D) myelinated nerve fibers only 
A) unmyelinated nerve fibers only 
B) soma that have both myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers 
C) myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers 
D) myelinated nerve fibers only

Question 15

The central sulcus separates which lobes?

Accepted Answer

A) temporal from parietal 
B) parietal from occipital 
C) frontal from temporal 
D) frontal from parietal 
A) temporal from parietal 
B) parietal from occipital 
C) frontal from temporal 
D) frontal from parietal

Question 16

The suprachiasmatic nucleus is found in the .

Accepted Answer

A) medulla 
B) hypothalamus 
C) pons 
D) thalamus 
A) medulla 
B) hypothalamus 
C) pons 
D) thalamus

Question 17

The process of linking new facts with old facts already stored in the memory bank is called .

Accepted Answer

A) automatic memory 
B) consolidation 
C) rehearsal 
D) long- term memory 
A) automatic memory 
B) consolidation 
C) rehearsal 
D) long- term memory

Question 18

What is the importance of the fact that the outer portion of the cerebral hemispheres is convoluted?

Accepted Answer

The cerebral cortex is only 2- 4 mm thic

Question 19

REM sleep is associated with .

Accepted Answer

A) decreased activity of the brain,especially the cerebral cortex 
B) decreased vital signs,such as heart rate and blood pressure 
C) decreased oxygen use,especially in the cerebral cortex 
D) temporary skeletal muscle inhibition except for the extrinsic eye muscles 
A) decreased activity of the brain,especially the cerebral cortex 
B) decreased vital signs,such as heart rate and blood pressure 
C) decreased oxygen use,especially in the cerebral cortex 
D) temporary skeletal muscle inhibition except for the extrinsic eye muscles

Question 20

Which statement about epilepsy is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

A) Epilepsy is often genetically induced but also frequently caused by head trauma,stroke,infection,and tumor. 
B) Absence seizures typically begin in adolescence and are often severely disabling. 
C) The aura in tonic- clonic seizures typically occurs as the patient regains consciousness. 
D) During seizures,sensory messages are processed normally but responses are blocked. 
A) Epilepsy is often genetically induced but also frequently caused by head trauma,stroke,infection,and tumor. 
B) Absence seizures typically begin in adolescence and are often severely disabling. 
C) The aura in tonic- clonic seizures typically occurs as the patient regains consciousness. 
D) During seizures,sensory messages are processed normally but responses are blocked.

Exam 12: The Central Nervous System

How do scientists hope the discovery of drugs such as NMDA antagonists and calcium channel blockers will improve the outlook for stroke patients?

Two terms for the massive motor tracts serving voluntary movement are _ _.

Which of the following structures is probably not directly involved in memory?

The hypothalamus .

A shallow groove on the surface of the cortex is called a .

The includes the thalamus,hypothalamus,and epithalamus.

Cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the spinal nerves are located in .

Which brain areas lack a blood- brain barrier,and what purpose does this absence serve?

In stage 3 sleep,and waves appear.

What is the limbic system?

Which fissure separates the cerebral hemispheres?

Sensory neurons enter the spinal cord via the horn.

Describe the main ideas of the holistic processing school of thought,relative to consciousness.

The white matter of the spinal cord contains .

The central sulcus separates which lobes?

The suprachiasmatic nucleus is found in the .

The process of linking new facts with old facts already stored in the memory bank is called .

What is the importance of the fact that the outer portion of the cerebral hemispheres is convoluted?

REM sleep is associated with .

Which statement about epilepsy is most accurate?

The Human Body: an Orientation

Chemistry Comes Alive

Cells: the Living Units

Tissues: the Living Fabric

The Integumentary System

Bones and Skeletal Tissues

The Skeleton

Joints

Muscles and Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Nutrition,metabolism,and Body Temperature Regulation

The Urinary System

Fluid,electrolyte,and Acid-Based Balance

The Reproductive System

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