Question 1

Explain how filtration works in the glomerular capillaries.

Accepted Answer

The glomerular capillaries are fenestrated,allowing fairly large molecules to pass through.The substances must pass through the basement membrane,where they are further selected for size by the filtration slits of the podocytes.

Question 2

Which of the following is not reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule?

Accepted Answer

A) K+ 
B) Na+ 
C) glucose 
D) creatinine 
A) K+ 
B) Na+ 
C) glucose 
D) creatinine D

Question 3

The fluid in the glomerular Bowman's)capsule is similar to plasma except that it does not contain a significant amount of .

Accepted Answer

A) plasma protein 
B) hormones 
C) electrolytes 
D) glucose 
A) plasma protein 
B) hormones 
C) electrolytes 
D) glucose A

Question 4

Which of the choices below does not describe the importance of tubular secretion?

Accepted Answer

A) disposing of substances not already in the filtrate,such as certain drugs 
B) ridding the body of excessive potassium ions 
C) eliminating undesirable substances such as urea and uric acid that have been reabsorbed by passive processes 
D) ridding the body of bicarbonate ions 
A) disposing of substances not already in the filtrate,such as certain drugs 
B) ridding the body of excessive potassium ions 
C) eliminating undesirable substances such as urea and uric acid that have been reabsorbed by passive processes 
D) ridding the body of bicarbonate ions

Question 5

Place the following in correct sequence from the formation of a drop of urine to its elimination fro body. 1.major calyx
2)minor calyx
3)nephron
4)urethra
5)ureter
6)collecting duct

Accepted Answer

A) 2,1,3,6,5,4 
B) 6,3,2,1,5,4 
C) 3,1,2,6,5,4 
D) 3,6,2,1,5,4 
A) 2,1,3,6,5,4 
B) 6,3,2,1,5,4 
C) 3,1,2,6,5,4 
D) 3,6,2,1,5,4

Question 6

Explain what is meant by the terms cotransport process and transport maximum.

Accepted Answer

Cotransport process refers to the active

Question 7

The mechanism of water reabsorption by the renal tubules is .

Accepted Answer

A) solvent drag 
B) active transport 
C) cotransport with sodium ions 
D) osmosis 
A) solvent drag 
B) active transport 
C) cotransport with sodium ions 
D) osmosis

Question 8

What is the function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

Accepted Answer

A) help regulate blood pressure and the rate of blood filtration by the kidneys 
B) help regulate water and electrolyte excretion by the kidneys 
C) help regulate blood pressure and the rate of excretion by the kidneys 
D) help regulate urea absorption by the kidneys 
A) help regulate blood pressure and the rate of blood filtration by the kidneys 
B) help regulate water and electrolyte excretion by the kidneys 
C) help regulate blood pressure and the rate of excretion by the kidneys 
D) help regulate urea absorption by the kidneys

Question 9

Which of the choices below is not a function of the urinary system?

Accepted Answer

A) helps maintain homeostasis by controlling the composition,volume,and pressure of blood 
B) eliminates solid,undigested wastes and excretes carbon dioxide,water,salts,and heat 
C) regulates blood glucose levels and produces hormones 
D) maintains blood osmolarity 
A) helps maintain homeostasis by controlling the composition,volume,and pressure of blood 
B) eliminates solid,undigested wastes and excretes carbon dioxide,water,salts,and heat 
C) regulates blood glucose levels and produces hormones 
D) maintains blood osmolarity

Question 10

If one says that the clearance value of glucose is zero,what does this mean?

Accepted Answer

A) The glucose molecule is too large to be filtered out of the blood. 
B) The clearance value of glucose is relatively high in a healthy adult. 
C) Most of the glucose is filtered out of the blood and is not reabsorbed in the convoluted tubules. 
D) Normally all the glucose is reabsorbed. 
A) The glucose molecule is too large to be filtered out of the blood. 
B) The clearance value of glucose is relatively high in a healthy adult. 
C) Most of the glucose is filtered out of the blood and is not reabsorbed in the convoluted tubules. 
D) Normally all the glucose is reabsorbed.

Question 11

Which of the choices below is not a glomerular filtration rate control method?

Accepted Answer

A) renal autoregulation 
B) hormonal regulation 
C) electrolyte levels 
D) neural regulation 
A) renal autoregulation 
B) hormonal regulation 
C) electrolyte levels 
D) neural regulation

Question 12

Which of the following statements is a false or incorrect statement?

Accepted Answer

A) The male urethra serves both the urinary and reproductive systems at the same time. 
B) The male urethra is longer than the female urethra. 
C) The male urethra serves both the urinary and reproductive systems but at different times. 
D) The male urethra is a passageway for both urine and semen. 
A) The male urethra serves both the urinary and reproductive systems at the same time. 
B) The male urethra is longer than the female urethra. 
C) The male urethra serves both the urinary and reproductive systems but at different times. 
D) The male urethra is a passageway for both urine and semen.

Question 13

Sodium- linked water flow across a membrane is called water reabsorption.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sodium- linked water flow across a membrane...

Question 14

An important characteristic of urine is its specific gravity or density,which is .

Accepted Answer

A) 1)001- 1.035 
B) 1)000- 1.015 
C) 1)041- 1.073 
D) 1)030- 1.040 
A) 1)001- 1.035 
B) 1)000- 1.015 
C) 1)041- 1.073 
D) 1)030- 1.040

Question 15

The capillary bed that surrounds the descending and ascending loop of Henle of juxtamedullary nephrons is called the .

Accepted Answer

The answer of The capillary bed that surrounds the descending...

Question 16

Which of the choices below is a function of the loop of Henle?

Accepted Answer

A) absorb electrolytes actively with an automatic absorption of water by osmosis 
B) form a large volume of very concentrated urine or a small volume of very dilute urine 
C) form a large volume of very dilute urine or a small volume of very concentrated urine 
D) none of these 
A) absorb electrolytes actively with an automatic absorption of water by osmosis 
B) form a large volume of very concentrated urine or a small volume of very dilute urine 
C) form a large volume of very dilute urine or a small volume of very concentrated urine 
D) none of these

Question 17

Which gland sits atop each kidney?

Accepted Answer

A) thymus 
B) pancreas 
C) pituitary 
D) adrenal 
A) thymus 
B) pancreas 
C) pituitary 
D) adrenal

Question 18

Which cells of the kidney are chemoreceptors that respond to changes in solute content of the filtrate?

Accepted Answer

A) mesangial cells 
B) juxtaglomerular cells 
C) podocytes 
D) macula densa cells 
A) mesangial cells 
B) juxtaglomerular cells 
C) podocytes 
D) macula densa cells

Question 19

Which of the following acts as the trigger for the initiation of micturition voiding)?

Accepted Answer

A) the stretching of the bladder wall 
B) the pressure of the fluid in the bladder 
C) the sympathetic efferents 
D) motor neurons 
A) the stretching of the bladder wall 
B) the pressure of the fluid in the bladder 
C) the sympathetic efferents 
D) motor neurons

Question 20

The juxtaglomerular apparatus is responsible for .

Accepted Answer

A) the secretion of acids and ammonia 
B) reabsorption of organic molecules,vitamins,and water 
C) regulating the rate of filtrate formation and controlling systemic blood pressure 
D) the secretion of drugs 
A) the secretion of acids and ammonia 
B) reabsorption of organic molecules,vitamins,and water 
C) regulating the rate of filtrate formation and controlling systemic blood pressure 
D) the secretion of drugs

Exam 24: The Urinary System

Explain how filtration works in the glomerular capillaries.

Which of the following is not reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule?

The fluid in the glomerular Bowman's)capsule is similar to plasma except that it does not contain a significant amount of .

Which of the choices below does not describe the importance of tubular secretion?

Place the following in correct sequence from the formation of a drop of urine to its elimination fro body. 1.major calyx 2)minor calyx 3)nephron 4)urethra 5)ureter 6)collecting duct

Explain what is meant by the terms cotransport process and transport maximum.

The mechanism of water reabsorption by the renal tubules is .

What is the function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

Which of the choices below is not a function of the urinary system?

If one says that the clearance value of glucose is zero,what does this mean?

Which of the choices below is not a glomerular filtration rate control method?

Which of the following statements is a false or incorrect statement?

Sodium- linked water flow across a membrane is called water reabsorption.

An important characteristic of urine is its specific gravity or density,which is .

The capillary bed that surrounds the descending and ascending loop of Henle of juxtamedullary nephrons is called the .

Which of the choices below is a function of the loop of Henle?

Which gland sits atop each kidney?

Which cells of the kidney are chemoreceptors that respond to changes in solute content of the filtrate?

Which of the following acts as the trigger for the initiation of micturition voiding)?

The juxtaglomerular apparatus is responsible for .

The Human Body: an Orientation

Chemistry Comes Alive

Cells: the Living Units

Tissues: the Living Fabric

The Integumentary System

Bones and Skeletal Tissues

The Skeleton

Joints

Muscles and Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Nutrition,metabolism,and Body Temperature Regulation

Fluid,electrolyte,and Acid-Based Balance

The Reproductive System

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