Question 1

Thomas and Chess's New York Longitudinal Study demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

A) temperament is unrelated to psychological well-being. 
B) the stability of temperament across childhood is high. 
C) temperament is genetically determined. 
D) temperament can protect a child from the negative effects of a highly stressful home life. 
A) temperament is unrelated to psychological well-being. 
B) the stability of temperament across childhood is high. 
C) temperament is genetically determined. 
D) temperament can protect a child from the negative effects of a highly stressful home life. D

Question 2

Effortful control is

Accepted Answer

A) considered a major dimension of temperament. 
B) present at birth. 
C) unrelated to self-regulation. 
D) an involuntary emotional reaction. 
A) considered a major dimension of temperament. 
B) present at birth. 
C) unrelated to self-regulation. 
D) an involuntary emotional reaction. A

Question 3

Which of the following is true about paternal depression?

Accepted Answer

A) Paternal depression is linked to frequent father-child conflict as children grow older. 
B) It rarely has a lasting impact on the infant,unless it persists for more than a year. 
C) Most fathers with depression require long-term treatment for a full recovery. 
D) Early treatment is quite effective for maternal,but not paternal,depression. 
A) Paternal depression is linked to frequent father-child conflict as children grow older. 
B) It rarely has a lasting impact on the infant,unless it persists for more than a year. 
C) Most fathers with depression require long-term treatment for a full recovery. 
D) Early treatment is quite effective for maternal,but not paternal,depression. A

Question 4

Which of the following is supported by research on child care in infancy?

Accepted Answer

A) The rate of insecurity is equal among child-care and non-child-care infants. 
B) U)S.child care is nationally regulated. 
C) Mother-child interaction is more favorable when children attend higher-quality care and spend fewer hours in child care. 
D) Child care alone contributes to attachment insecurity. 
A) The rate of insecurity is equal among child-care and non-child-care infants. 
B) U)S.child care is nationally regulated. 
C) Mother-child interaction is more favorable when children attend higher-quality care and spend fewer hours in child care. 
D) Child care alone contributes to attachment insecurity.

Question 5

In Erikson's theory,the psychological conflict of basic trust versus mistrust is resolved on the positive side when

Accepted Answer

A) the balance of care is sympathetic and loving. 
B) toddlers are successfully toilet trained. 
C) hunger is consistently satisfied. 
D) the parents are perfectly in tune with their baby's needs. 
A) the balance of care is sympathetic and loving. 
B) toddlers are successfully toilet trained. 
C) hunger is consistently satisfied. 
D) the parents are perfectly in tune with their baby's needs.

Question 6

Four-month-old Max is easily upset by new sights and sounds.According to Kagan's research,Max probably has __________ than a social baby when faced with novelty.

Accepted Answer

A) a higher heart rate and a lower cortisol level 
B) a lower heart rate and a higher cortisol level 
C) a higher heart rate and a higher cortisol level 
D) lower blood pressure and greater pupil dilation 
A) a higher heart rate and a lower cortisol level 
B) a lower heart rate and a higher cortisol level 
C) a higher heart rate and a higher cortisol level 
D) lower blood pressure and greater pupil dilation

Question 7

Professor Novak is interested in assessing the quality of attachment between 1 and 2 years of age.Which of the following laboratory procedures should Professor Novak use?

Accepted Answer

A) secure base 
B) Attachment Q-Sort 
C) the Strange Situation 
D) an internal working model 
A) secure base 
B) Attachment Q-Sort 
C) the Strange Situation 
D) an internal working model

Question 8

In Erikson's theory,the conflict of toddlerhood,_______________,is resolved favorably when parents provide suitable guidance and reasonable choices.

Accepted Answer

A) basic trust versus mistrust 
B) industry versus inferiority 
C) initiative versus guilt 
D) autonomy versus shame and doubt 
A) basic trust versus mistrust 
B) industry versus inferiority 
C) initiative versus guilt 
D) autonomy versus shame and doubt

Question 9

Recent surveys indicate that in dual-earner families,U.S.fathers devote _____ percent as much time as mothers do to children.

Accepted Answer

A) 35 
B) 50 
C) 70 
D) 85 
A) 35 
B) 50 
C) 70 
D) 85

Question 10

In the Strange Situation,Philip seeks closeness to his mother and fails to explore.When his mother leaves,Philip is distressed,and on her return he hits her.Philip is displaying characteristics of __________ attachment.

Accepted Answer

A) avoidant 
B) secure 
C) disorganized/disoriented 
D) resistant 
A) avoidant 
B) secure 
C) disorganized/disoriented 
D) resistant

Question 11

During the first few weeks of life,newborns are most likely to smile

Accepted Answer

A) in response to bright objects jumping suddenly across their field of vision. 
B) when they are full. 
C) in response to seeing a human face. 
D) when they achieve new skills. 
A) in response to bright objects jumping suddenly across their field of vision. 
B) when they are full. 
C) in response to seeing a human face. 
D) when they achieve new skills.

Question 12

Thomas became angry after a playmate took his truck away.How can Thomas's father help him to regulate his emotion?

Accepted Answer

A) Encourage Thomas to stick up for himself and take the truck back. 
B) Label Thomas's feelings,encourage him to describe his internal state,and offer a comforting hug. 
C) Ignore Thomas's display of negative emotion. 
D) Tell Thomas that he needs to learn how to share his toys. 
A) Encourage Thomas to stick up for himself and take the truck back. 
B) Label Thomas's feelings,encourage him to describe his internal state,and offer a comforting hug. 
C) Ignore Thomas's display of negative emotion. 
D) Tell Thomas that he needs to learn how to share his toys.

Question 13

In Bowlby's "clear-cut" attachment phase,babies display

Accepted Answer

A) stranger anxiety. 
B) separation anxiety. 
C) social referencing. 
D) goodness of fit. 
A) stranger anxiety. 
B) separation anxiety. 
C) social referencing. 
D) goodness of fit.

Question 14

Research on child care in infancy suggests that

Accepted Answer

A) infants placed in full-time child care before 12 months of age are more likely than infants who remain at home to display insecure attachment. 
B) full-time,but not part-time,work during the first year is detrimental to attachment security. 
C) long hours spent in child care do not affect attachment quality. 
D) having more than one child-care arrangement decreases the likelihood of attachment insecurity. 
A) infants placed in full-time child care before 12 months of age are more likely than infants who remain at home to display insecure attachment. 
B) full-time,but not part-time,work during the first year is detrimental to attachment security. 
C) long hours spent in child care do not affect attachment quality. 
D) having more than one child-care arrangement decreases the likelihood of attachment insecurity.

Question 15

From the first few months,parents encourage infants to

Accepted Answer

A) develop self-conscious emotions. 
B) express negative emotion. 
C) suppress negative emotion. 
D) soothe themselves when distressed. 
A) develop self-conscious emotions. 
B) express negative emotion. 
C) suppress negative emotion. 
D) soothe themselves when distressed.

Question 16

Chris smiles and laughs when interacting with his mother,but he does not protest when separated from her.Chris is most likely in Bowlby's ____________ phase.

Accepted Answer

A) preattachment 
B) formation of reciprocal relationship 
C) "clear-cut" attachment 
D) attachment-in-the-making 
A) preattachment 
B) formation of reciprocal relationship 
C) "clear-cut" attachment 
D) attachment-in-the-making

Question 17

Basic emotions are

Accepted Answer

A) most reliably inferred through infants' vocalizations. 
B) universal in humans. 
C) found only among humans. 
D) reflexive. 
A) most reliably inferred through infants' vocalizations. 
B) universal in humans. 
C) found only among humans. 
D) reflexive.

Question 18

Researchers often study the early emergence of self-control by giving children tasks that require

Accepted Answer

A) a categorical self. 
B) delay of gratification. 
C) problem-solving skills. 
D) empathy. 
A) a categorical self. 
B) delay of gratification. 
C) problem-solving skills. 
D) empathy.

Question 19

Heritability research indicates that genes ______________ to shyness and sociability.

Accepted Answer

A) do not contribute 
B) contribute only modestly 
C) contribute at least half 
D) contribute significantly 
A) do not contribute 
B) contribute only modestly 
C) contribute at least half 
D) contribute significantly

Question 20

According to Bowlby,the _____________ becomes a vital part of personality,serving as a guide for all future close relationships.

Accepted Answer

A) Strange Situation 
B) internal working model 
C) "clear-cut" attachment phase 
D) preattachment phase 
A) Strange Situation 
B) internal working model 
C) "clear-cut" attachment phase 
D) preattachment phase

Thomas and Chess's New York Longitudinal Study demonstrated that

Effortful control is

Which of the following is true about paternal depression?

Which of the following is supported by research on child care in infancy?

In Erikson's theory,the psychological conflict of basic trust versus mistrust is resolved on the positive side when

Four-month-old Max is easily upset by new sights and sounds.According to Kagan's research,Max probably has __________ than a social baby when faced with novelty.

Professor Novak is interested in assessing the quality of attachment between 1 and 2 years of age.Which of the following laboratory procedures should Professor Novak use?

In Erikson's theory,the conflict of toddlerhood,_______________,is resolved favorably when parents provide suitable guidance and reasonable choices.

Recent surveys indicate that in dual-earner families,U.S.fathers devote _____ percent as much time as mothers do to children.

In the Strange Situation,Philip seeks closeness to his mother and fails to explore.When his mother leaves,Philip is distressed,and on her return he hits her.Philip is displaying characteristics of __________ attachment.

During the first few weeks of life,newborns are most likely to smile

Thomas became angry after a playmate took his truck away.How can Thomas's father help him to regulate his emotion?

In Bowlby's "clear-cut" attachment phase,babies display

Research on child care in infancy suggests that

From the first few months,parents encourage infants to

Chris smiles and laughs when interacting with his mother,but he does not protest when separated from her.Chris is most likely in Bowlby's ____________ phase.

Basic emotions are

Researchers often study the early emergence of self-control by giving children tasks that require

Heritability research indicates that genes ______________ to shyness and sociability.

According to Bowlby,the _____________ becomes a vital part of personality,serving as a guide for all future close relationships.

History, theory, and Research Strategies

Biological and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development, birth, and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Late Adulthood

Death, dying, and Bereavement

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Exam 6: Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Thomas and Chess's New York Longitudinal Study demonstrated that

Effortful control is

Which of the following is true about paternal depression?

Which of the following is supported by research on child care in infancy?

In Erikson's theory,the psychological conflict of basic trust versus mistrust is resolved on the positive side when

Four-month-old Max is easily upset by new sights and sounds.According to Kagan's research,Max probably has __________ than a social baby when faced with novelty.

Professor Novak is interested in assessing the quality of attachment between 1 and 2 years of age.Which of the following laboratory procedures should Professor Novak use?

In Erikson's theory,the conflict of toddlerhood,_______________,is resolved favorably when parents provide suitable guidance and reasonable choices.

Recent surveys indicate that in dual-earner families,U.S.fathers devote _____ percent as much time as mothers do to children.

In the Strange Situation,Philip seeks closeness to his mother and fails to explore.When his mother leaves,Philip is distressed,and on her return he hits her.Philip is displaying characteristics of __________ attachment.

During the first few weeks of life,newborns are most likely to smile

Thomas became angry after a playmate took his truck away.How can Thomas's father help him to regulate his emotion?

In Bowlby's "clear-cut" attachment phase,babies display

Research on child care in infancy suggests that

From the first few months,parents encourage infants to

Chris smiles and laughs when interacting with his mother,but he does not protest when separated from her.Chris is most likely in Bowlby's ____________ phase.

Basic emotions are

Researchers often study the early emergence of self-control by giving children tasks that require

Heritability research indicates that genes ______________ to shyness and sociability.

According to Bowlby,the _____________ becomes a vital part of personality,serving as a guide for all future close relationships.

History, theory, and Research Strategies

Biological and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development, birth, and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Late Adulthood

Death, dying, and Bereavement

Filters