Question 1

According to Piaget's theory,when baby Sasha sucks her thumb,she is demonstrating a __________ circular reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) goal-directed 
B) primary 
C) secondary 
D) tertiary 
A) goal-directed 
B) primary 
C) secondary 
D) tertiary B

Question 2

According to the information-processing approach,the longer a person holds information in working memory,the

Accepted Answer

A) less likely it will transfer to the long-term memory. 
B) greater the likelihood that it will drop out of the information-processing system. 
C) more likely it will transfer to the permanent knowledge base. 
D) less likely it will be retrievable in the future. 
A) less likely it will transfer to the long-term memory. 
B) greater the likelihood that it will drop out of the information-processing system. 
C) more likely it will transfer to the permanent knowledge base. 
D) less likely it will be retrievable in the future. C

Question 3

Which of the following is true about early intervention?

Accepted Answer

A) Early intervention programs increase IQ scores during the school years,but the gains are not sustained beyond middle childhood. 
B) The strongest effects of early intervention occur at sites that offer a mix of center- and home-based services. 
C) The U.S.Congress recently recognized the successes of early intervention and now fully funds all programs directed at low-income infants and toddlers. 
D) Even with early intervention,most children born into economically disadvantaged families will not reach their full potential. 
A) Early intervention programs increase IQ scores during the school years,but the gains are not sustained beyond middle childhood. 
B) The strongest effects of early intervention occur at sites that offer a mix of center- and home-based services. 
C) The U.S.Congress recently recognized the successes of early intervention and now fully funds all programs directed at low-income infants and toddlers. 
D) Even with early intervention,most children born into economically disadvantaged families will not reach their full potential. B

Question 4

According to Piaget,a ___________ is a means of building schemes in which infants try to repeat chance motor behaviors again and again.

Accepted Answer

A) sensorimotor response 
B) circular reaction 
C) mental representation 
D) goal-directed behavior 
A) sensorimotor response 
B) circular reaction 
C) mental representation 
D) goal-directed behavior

Question 5

Which of the following is true about infantile amnesia?

Accepted Answer

A) Infantile amnesia is more common in females than males. 
B) Most older children and adults cannot retrieve events that happened before age 3. 
C) Infants' memory processing is fundamentally different from that of adults. 
D) During the first few years,children remember largely with verbal techniques. 
A) Infantile amnesia is more common in females than males. 
B) Most older children and adults cannot retrieve events that happened before age 3. 
C) Infants' memory processing is fundamentally different from that of adults. 
D) During the first few years,children remember largely with verbal techniques.

Question 6

Core knowledge theorists assume that

Accepted Answer

A) infants start out life with a set of prewired understandings. 
B) experience helps young infants refine their sensorimotor schemes. 
C) infants start out life as "blank slates." 
D) experience is unnecessary for the development of linguistic and psychological knowledge. 
A) infants start out life with a set of prewired understandings. 
B) experience helps young infants refine their sensorimotor schemes. 
C) infants start out life as "blank slates." 
D) experience is unnecessary for the development of linguistic and psychological knowledge.

Question 7

Infants and toddlers who often experience __________ sustain attention longer,comprehend more language,and produce meaningful gestures and words earlier.

Accepted Answer

A) telegraphic speech 
B) referential communication 
C) educational television 
D) joint attention 
A) telegraphic speech 
B) referential communication 
C) educational television 
D) joint attention

Question 8

Social-interactionists emphasize that

Accepted Answer

A) a language acquisition device helps children rapidly learn new words. 
B) children's social skills and language experiences are centrally involved in language development. 
C) brain regions housing language also govern similar perceptual and cognitive abilities. 
D) a single system of grammar underlies all languages. 
A) a language acquisition device helps children rapidly learn new words. 
B) children's social skills and language experiences are centrally involved in language development. 
C) brain regions housing language also govern similar perceptual and cognitive abilities. 
D) a single system of grammar underlies all languages.

Question 9

In the information-processing system,a special part of working memory,called the ____________,directs the flow of information.

Accepted Answer

A) sensory register 
B) central executive 
C) permanent knowledge base 
D) automatic cognitive processor 
A) sensory register 
B) central executive 
C) permanent knowledge base 
D) automatic cognitive processor

Question 10

Describe the information-processing view of cognitive development,including its contributions and limitations.

Accepted Answer

Information-processing researchers regar

Question 11

The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development

Accepted Answer

A) emphasize only perceptual and motor responses. 
B) include a cognitive scale,a language scale,and a motor scale. 
C) show good long-term predictions of childhood intellectual functioning. 
D) reflect the same aspects of intelligence assessed in adulthood. 
A) emphasize only perceptual and motor responses. 
B) include a cognitive scale,a language scale,and a motor scale. 
C) show good long-term predictions of childhood intellectual functioning. 
D) reflect the same aspects of intelligence assessed in adulthood.

Question 12

In Substage 6 of the sensorimotor period,the ability to create mental representations enables toddlers to __________ and __________.

Accepted Answer

A) engage in deferred imitation;use make-believe play 
B) understand object permanence;engage in goal-directed behavior 
C) engage in deferred imitation;understand object permanence 
D) engage in functional play;solve invisible displacement problems 
A) engage in deferred imitation;use make-believe play 
B) understand object permanence;engage in goal-directed behavior 
C) engage in deferred imitation;understand object permanence 
D) engage in functional play;solve invisible displacement problems

Question 13

Our most powerful mental representations include ________ and _________.

Accepted Answer

A) images;imitation 
B) imitation;concepts 
C) images;concepts 
D) habituation;imitation 
A) images;imitation 
B) imitation;concepts 
C) images;concepts 
D) habituation;imitation

Question 14

During the second substage of the sensorimotor period,babies

Accepted Answer

A) apply reflexive behaviors rather indiscriminately. 
B) start to gain voluntary control over their actions through the primary circular reaction. 
C) react reflexively no matter what experiences they encounter. 
D) babies create internal depictions of objects and events. 
A) apply reflexive behaviors rather indiscriminately. 
B) start to gain voluntary control over their actions through the primary circular reaction. 
C) react reflexively no matter what experiences they encounter. 
D) babies create internal depictions of objects and events.

Question 15

_______________ helps infants reduce the enormous amount of new information they encounter every day so they can learn and remember.

Accepted Answer

A) Categorization 
B) Recall 
C) Recognition 
D) Recovery 
A) Categorization 
B) Recall 
C) Recognition 
D) Recovery

Question 16

Chomsky's "LAD" is a

Accepted Answer

A) device that allows parents to directly teach language to children. 
B) linguistic tutoring device by which parents provide children assistance in learning grammatical rules. 
C) computer device that attempts to generate the linguistic rules that are needed for language acquisition. 
D) device that enables children to understand and speak in a rule-oriented fashion as soon as they pick up enough words. 
A) device that allows parents to directly teach language to children. 
B) linguistic tutoring device by which parents provide children assistance in learning grammatical rules. 
C) computer device that attempts to generate the linguistic rules that are needed for language acquisition. 
D) device that enables children to understand and speak in a rule-oriented fashion as soon as they pick up enough words.

Question 17

Which of the following is true about make-believe play?

Accepted Answer

A) At the end of the second year,almost all play episodes are initiated by adults. 
B) Parents and teachers inhibit make-believe by participating with children. 
C) Make-believe is a major means through which children extend their cognitive skills and learn about important activities in their culture. 
D) Children who spent a great deal of time in make-believe play tend to be anxious and shy. 
A) At the end of the second year,almost all play episodes are initiated by adults. 
B) Parents and teachers inhibit make-believe by participating with children. 
C) Make-believe is a major means through which children extend their cognitive skills and learn about important activities in their culture. 
D) Children who spent a great deal of time in make-believe play tend to be anxious and shy.

Question 18

Which of the following is true about first spoken words?

Accepted Answer

A) They usually refer to inanimate objects. 
B) They emerge around 6 months of age. 
C) They rarely refer to actions. 
D) They usually refer to important people,animals,or actions. 
A) They usually refer to inanimate objects. 
B) They emerge around 6 months of age. 
C) They rarely refer to actions. 
D) They usually refer to important people,animals,or actions.

Question 19

____________ is a much better indicator than an early mental test score of how children will do later.

Accepted Answer

A) Warm,responsive parenting 
B) Organization of the play environment 
C) Provision of appropriate play materials 
D) Motor development 
A) Warm,responsive parenting 
B) Organization of the play environment 
C) Provision of appropriate play materials 
D) Motor development

Question 20

Some critics of the violation-of-expectation method

Accepted Answer

A) believe that it reveals only babies' understanding of experience,not their perceptual preference for novelty. 
B) argue that wide individual differences in recovery times exist. 
C) believe that it reveals only babies' perceptual preference for novelty,not their understanding of experience. 
D) argue that it is an inappropriate approach to use with babies. 
A) believe that it reveals only babies' understanding of experience,not their perceptual preference for novelty. 
B) argue that wide individual differences in recovery times exist. 
C) believe that it reveals only babies' perceptual preference for novelty,not their understanding of experience. 
D) argue that it is an inappropriate approach to use with babies.

According to Piaget's theory,when baby Sasha sucks her thumb,she is demonstrating a __________ circular reaction.

According to the information-processing approach,the longer a person holds information in working memory,the

Which of the following is true about early intervention?

According to Piaget,a ___________ is a means of building schemes in which infants try to repeat chance motor behaviors again and again.

Which of the following is true about infantile amnesia?

Core knowledge theorists assume that

Infants and toddlers who often experience __________ sustain attention longer,comprehend more language,and produce meaningful gestures and words earlier.

Social-interactionists emphasize that

In the information-processing system,a special part of working memory,called the ____________,directs the flow of information.

Describe the information-processing view of cognitive development,including its contributions and limitations.

The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development

In Substage 6 of the sensorimotor period,the ability to create mental representations enables toddlers to and .

Our most powerful mental representations include and _.

During the second substage of the sensorimotor period,babies

_______________ helps infants reduce the enormous amount of new information they encounter every day so they can learn and remember.

Chomsky's "LAD" is a

Which of the following is true about make-believe play?

Which of the following is true about first spoken words?

____________ is a much better indicator than an early mental test score of how children will do later.

Some critics of the violation-of-expectation method

History, theory, and Research Strategies

Biological and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development, birth, and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Late Adulthood

Death, dying, and Bereavement

Filters

Exam 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

According to Piaget's theory,when baby Sasha sucks her thumb,she is demonstrating a __________ circular reaction.

According to the information-processing approach,the longer a person holds information in working memory,the

Which of the following is true about early intervention?

According to Piaget,a ___________ is a means of building schemes in which infants try to repeat chance motor behaviors again and again.

Which of the following is true about infantile amnesia?

Core knowledge theorists assume that

Infants and toddlers who often experience __________ sustain attention longer,comprehend more language,and produce meaningful gestures and words earlier.

Social-interactionists emphasize that

In the information-processing system,a special part of working memory,called the ____________,directs the flow of information.

Describe the information-processing view of cognitive development,including its contributions and limitations.

The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development

In Substage 6 of the sensorimotor period,the ability to create mental representations enables toddlers to __________ and __________.

Our most powerful mental representations include ________ and _________.

During the second substage of the sensorimotor period,babies

_______________ helps infants reduce the enormous amount of new information they encounter every day so they can learn and remember.

Chomsky's "LAD" is a

Which of the following is true about make-believe play?

Which of the following is true about first spoken words?

____________ is a much better indicator than an early mental test score of how children will do later.

Some critics of the violation-of-expectation method

History, theory, and Research Strategies

Biological and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development, birth, and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Late Adulthood

Death, dying, and Bereavement

Filters

In Substage 6 of the sensorimotor period,the ability to create mental representations enables toddlers to and .

Our most powerful mental representations include and _.