Question 1

Explain the "random events" theory of aging,and provide evidence that supports it.

Accepted Answer

According to the "random events" theory,DNA in body cells is gradually damaged due to spontaneous or externally caused mutations.As these accumulate,cell repair and replacement are less efficient,or abnormal cancerous cells are produced.Studies of various animal species confirm an increase in DNA breaks and deletions and damage to other cellular material with age.Among humans,similar evidence is accumulating.
One probable cause of age-related DNA and cellular abnormalities is the release of free radicals-naturally occurring,highly reactive chemicals that form in the presence of oxygen.Free radicals are thought to be involved in more than 60 disorders of aging,including cardiovascular disease,cancer,and arthritis.

Question 2

Which of the following is true about men who enter traditionally female-dominated careers,compared to their traditional-career counterparts?

Accepted Answer

A) They are more focused on the social status of their work. 
B) They are less interested in working with people. 
C) They are more interested in working with people. 
D) They have more conservative social attitudes. 
A) They are more focused on the social status of their work. 
B) They are less interested in working with people. 
C) They are more interested in working with people. 
D) They have more conservative social attitudes. C

Question 3

Which statement most accurately reflects the sentiments of most Americans toward gay men,lesbians,and bisexuals?

Accepted Answer

A) Most Americans are opposed to homosexuality and do not support civil liberties or same-sex marriage. 
B) Most Americans support civil liberties and equal employment opportunities for gays,lesbians,and bisexuals. 
C) Most Americans approve of same-sex marriage and would advocate on behalf of gays,lesbians,and bisexuals if asked. 
D) Most Americans believe that it is okay for two adults of the same sex to have sexual relations as long as they do not talk about it. 
A) Most Americans are opposed to homosexuality and do not support civil liberties or same-sex marriage. 
B) Most Americans support civil liberties and equal employment opportunities for gays,lesbians,and bisexuals. 
C) Most Americans approve of same-sex marriage and would advocate on behalf of gays,lesbians,and bisexuals if asked. 
D) Most Americans believe that it is okay for two adults of the same sex to have sexual relations as long as they do not talk about it. B

Question 4

One probable cause of age-related DNA and cellular abnormalities is

Accepted Answer

A) the programmed action of telomeres. 
B) accidental injuries,such as pulled muscles. 
C) wear-and-tear caused by excessive use. 
D) the release of free radicals. 
A) the programmed action of telomeres. 
B) accidental injuries,such as pulled muscles. 
C) wear-and-tear caused by excessive use. 
D) the release of free radicals.

Question 5

Colleges that __________ have a higher percentage of dropouts.

Accepted Answer

A) do little to help high-risk students 
B) have high admissions requirements 
C) place great value on grade point average 
D) place students in developmental courses 
A) do little to help high-risk students 
B) have high admissions requirements 
C) place great value on grade point average 
D) place students in developmental courses

Question 6

Which of the following is true about female-initiated coercive sexual behavior against men?

Accepted Answer

A) About 3 to 5 percent of U.S.men have experienced female-initiated coercive sexual behavior. 
B) Most male victims indicate that women who committed these acts used actual or threatened force. 
C) Victims report that women who committed these acts often threatened to end a relationship unless the victim complied. 
D) Due to increasing public awareness,nearly 80 percent of men who experience female-initiated sexual aggression report the crime to authorities. 
A) About 3 to 5 percent of U.S.men have experienced female-initiated coercive sexual behavior. 
B) Most male victims indicate that women who committed these acts used actual or threatened force. 
C) Victims report that women who committed these acts often threatened to end a relationship unless the victim complied. 
D) Due to increasing public awareness,nearly 80 percent of men who experience female-initiated sexual aggression report the crime to authorities.

Question 7

Decreased vigor of the immune response seems to be

Accepted Answer

A) caused by random or spontaneous events. 
B) caused by a breakdown of connective tissues. 
C) genetically programmed,but intensified by other aging processes. 
D) caused by telomere lengthening,but also affected by random events. 
A) caused by random or spontaneous events. 
B) caused by a breakdown of connective tissues. 
C) genetically programmed,but intensified by other aging processes. 
D) caused by telomere lengthening,but also affected by random events.

Question 8

Young people's vocational aspirations correlate strongly with their

Accepted Answer

A) parents' jobs. 
B) childhood dreams. 
C) ethnic identity. 
D) friends' aspirations. 
A) parents' jobs. 
B) childhood dreams. 
C) ethnic identity. 
D) friends' aspirations.

Question 9

According to Labouvie-Vief,adulthood involves moving from _______________ thought.

Accepted Answer

A) hypothetical to pragmatic 
B) relativistic to dualistic 
C) pragmatic to hypothetical 
D) dualistic to relativistic 
A) hypothetical to pragmatic 
B) relativistic to dualistic 
C) pragmatic to hypothetical 
D) dualistic to relativistic

Question 10

Chris is a male nurse.Because of his male minority status in the nursing field,

Accepted Answer

A) he will probably have fewer opportunities to move into supervisory positions. 
B) his co-workers may assume that he is more knowledgeable than he actually is. 
C) he probably feels rejected by the women with whom he works. 
D) he will likely change jobs often,eventually settling on a more traditional career. 
A) he will probably have fewer opportunities to move into supervisory positions. 
B) his co-workers may assume that he is more knowledgeable than he actually is. 
C) he probably feels rejected by the women with whom he works. 
D) he will likely change jobs often,eventually settling on a more traditional career.

Question 11

Francine is preparing to become an oncologist.Which of the following is most likely to have influenced her vocational choice?

Accepted Answer

A) being a volunteer in a tutoring program for low-achieving students 
B) having a close relationship with her high school science teacher 
C) visiting the local hospital as part of a class field trip 
D) watching a telethon that raised money for cancer research 
A) being a volunteer in a tutoring program for low-achieving students 
B) having a close relationship with her high school science teacher 
C) visiting the local hospital as part of a class field trip 
D) watching a telethon that raised money for cancer research

Question 12

The _______________ theory of aging receives some support from kinship studies indicating that longevity is a family trait.

Accepted Answer

A) genetically programmed 
B) "wear-and-tear" 
C) random events 
D) cross-linkage 
A) genetically programmed 
B) "wear-and-tear" 
C) random events 
D) cross-linkage

Question 13

Monica,an obese 22-year-old,would like to participate in a weight-loss program that promotes lasting behavior change.Describe the program elements that she should look for,noting how each element fosters success.

Accepted Answer

-A well-balanced diet lower in calories

Question 14

In healthy individuals,the heart's ability to meet the body's oxygen requirements under typical conditions

Accepted Answer

A) declines with age. 
B) increases during early adulthood. 
C) does not change during adulthood. 
D) increases during middle adulthood. 
A) declines with age. 
B) increases during early adulthood. 
C) does not change during adulthood. 
D) increases during middle adulthood.

Question 15

During the realistic period of vocational development,the first step is often ________ and the final phase is ________________.

Accepted Answer

A) fantasy;reality 
B) interest;ability 
C) exploration;crystallization 
D) acquisition;vocational decision 
A) fantasy;reality 
B) interest;ability 
C) exploration;crystallization 
D) acquisition;vocational decision

Question 16

When it comes to dietary fat,the best suggestion is

Accepted Answer

A) do not consume it. 
B) to eat less fat of all kinds. 
C) to substitute saturated fat for unsaturated fat. 
D) to eat it but exercise immediately afterwards. 
A) do not consume it. 
B) to eat less fat of all kinds. 
C) to substitute saturated fat for unsaturated fat. 
D) to eat it but exercise immediately afterwards.

Question 17

Ann Marie has begun visiting matchmaking websites.She should know that

Accepted Answer

A) the success rates for Internet dating services are higher than with conventional strategies. 
B) online dating leads to lasting offline relationships about 30 percent of the time. 
C) less than 10 percent of online relationships last for more than six months. 
D) 18 percent of online ties that evolve into offline relationships last for more than a year. 
A) the success rates for Internet dating services are higher than with conventional strategies. 
B) online dating leads to lasting offline relationships about 30 percent of the time. 
C) less than 10 percent of online relationships last for more than six months. 
D) 18 percent of online ties that evolve into offline relationships last for more than a year.

Question 18

Karen considered two theories she studied in her college philosophy course.She determined that neither theory was entirely accurate,and she tried to formulate a more satisfying perspective that synthesized contradictions.Karen was engaged in

Accepted Answer

A) pragmatic thought. 
B) dualistic thinking. 
C) relativistic thinking. 
D) commitment within relativistic thinking. 
A) pragmatic thought. 
B) dualistic thinking. 
C) relativistic thinking. 
D) commitment within relativistic thinking.

Question 19

According to the cross-linkage theory of aging,bonds between protein fibers in connective tissue can lead to

Accepted Answer

A) tightening of the skin and strengthening of the bones. 
B) loss of flexibility in the skin and clogging of arteries. 
C) increased flexibility and athletic stamina. 
D) reduced production of many hormones,especially estrogen. 
A) tightening of the skin and strengthening of the bones. 
B) loss of flexibility in the skin and clogging of arteries. 
C) increased flexibility and athletic stamina. 
D) reduced production of many hormones,especially estrogen.

Question 20

With the birth of Brenda's first child,she felt more fulfilled than ever before.However,she also acknowledged feelings of concern and fear over being able to meet all of her parental responsibilities while maintaining personal happiness and satisfaction.Brenda's thinking reflects

Accepted Answer

A) relativism. 
B) cognitive-affective complexity. 
C) expertise. 
D) pragmatism. 
A) relativism. 
B) cognitive-affective complexity. 
C) expertise. 
D) pragmatism.

Explain the "random events" theory of aging,and provide evidence that supports it.

Which of the following is true about men who enter traditionally female-dominated careers,compared to their traditional-career counterparts?

Which statement most accurately reflects the sentiments of most Americans toward gay men,lesbians,and bisexuals?

One probable cause of age-related DNA and cellular abnormalities is

Colleges that __________ have a higher percentage of dropouts.

Which of the following is true about female-initiated coercive sexual behavior against men?

Decreased vigor of the immune response seems to be

Young people's vocational aspirations correlate strongly with their

According to Labouvie-Vief,adulthood involves moving from _______________ thought.

Chris is a male nurse.Because of his male minority status in the nursing field,

Francine is preparing to become an oncologist.Which of the following is most likely to have influenced her vocational choice?

The _______________ theory of aging receives some support from kinship studies indicating that longevity is a family trait.

Monica,an obese 22-year-old,would like to participate in a weight-loss program that promotes lasting behavior change.Describe the program elements that she should look for,noting how each element fosters success.

In healthy individuals,the heart's ability to meet the body's oxygen requirements under typical conditions

During the realistic period of vocational development,the first step is often and the final phase is ________.

When it comes to dietary fat,the best suggestion is

Ann Marie has begun visiting matchmaking websites.She should know that

Karen considered two theories she studied in her college philosophy course.She determined that neither theory was entirely accurate,and she tried to formulate a more satisfying perspective that synthesized contradictions.Karen was engaged in

According to the cross-linkage theory of aging,bonds between protein fibers in connective tissue can lead to

With the birth of Brenda's first child,she felt more fulfilled than ever before.However,she also acknowledged feelings of concern and fear over being able to meet all of her parental responsibilities while maintaining personal happiness and satisfaction.Brenda's thinking reflects

History, theory, and Research Strategies

Biological and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development, birth, and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Late Adulthood

Death, dying, and Bereavement

Filters

Exam 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Explain the "random events" theory of aging,and provide evidence that supports it.

Which of the following is true about men who enter traditionally female-dominated careers,compared to their traditional-career counterparts?

Which statement most accurately reflects the sentiments of most Americans toward gay men,lesbians,and bisexuals?

One probable cause of age-related DNA and cellular abnormalities is

Colleges that __________ have a higher percentage of dropouts.

Which of the following is true about female-initiated coercive sexual behavior against men?

Decreased vigor of the immune response seems to be

Young people's vocational aspirations correlate strongly with their

According to Labouvie-Vief,adulthood involves moving from _______________ thought.

Chris is a male nurse.Because of his male minority status in the nursing field,

Francine is preparing to become an oncologist.Which of the following is most likely to have influenced her vocational choice?

The _______________ theory of aging receives some support from kinship studies indicating that longevity is a family trait.

Monica,an obese 22-year-old,would like to participate in a weight-loss program that promotes lasting behavior change.Describe the program elements that she should look for,noting how each element fosters success.

In healthy individuals,the heart's ability to meet the body's oxygen requirements under typical conditions

During the realistic period of vocational development,the first step is often ________ and the final phase is ________________.

When it comes to dietary fat,the best suggestion is

Ann Marie has begun visiting matchmaking websites.She should know that

Karen considered two theories she studied in her college philosophy course.She determined that neither theory was entirely accurate,and she tried to formulate a more satisfying perspective that synthesized contradictions.Karen was engaged in

According to the cross-linkage theory of aging,bonds between protein fibers in connective tissue can lead to

With the birth of Brenda's first child,she felt more fulfilled than ever before.However,she also acknowledged feelings of concern and fear over being able to meet all of her parental responsibilities while maintaining personal happiness and satisfaction.Brenda's thinking reflects

History, theory, and Research Strategies

Biological and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development, birth, and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Late Adulthood

Death, dying, and Bereavement

Filters

During the realistic period of vocational development,the first step is often and the final phase is ________.