Exam 11: Geology, Minerals, and Mining

Subsurface mining is used extensively in the extraction of ______________.

The dwindling supplies of rare strategic metals such as indium, tantalum, and platinum may be extended if we rigorously ______________.

When magma or lava cools, the result is ______________.

Volcanoes are formed ______________.

As in the mining of coltan in Congo, coal mining in Appalachia has produced issues of ______________.

Briefly discuss the relationship between plate tectonics, volcanic activity, earthquakes and tsunamis.

The focus of the 2001 inquiry of the UN General Assembly into coltan mining in Congo was ______________.

The relationship between recycling, economics, and energy consumption is demonstrated in the case of aluminum, where ______________.

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following: -Excavating a giant hole in the landscape to remove widely spread mineral deposits

Use the figure above to answer the following question -Another conclusion drawn from the bar graph is that ______________.

Use the figure above to answer the following question -The bar graph indicates that all of the metals shown will _______________.

Sedimentary rock is formed ______________.

Smelting of iron ore involves ______________.

Read the following scenario and answer the question below. In 2010, geologists working for the U.S. military operations in Afghanistan discovered a literal treasure -trove of mineral deposits with a preliminary estimated value at nearly $1 trillion U.S. dollars. So far, no proposals have been made for extracting these resources, but already parallels have been drawn to the many dimensions of human rights issues that have plagued coltan production in the Congo, oil drilling in Nigeria, and the ʺblood diamondsʺ of Sierra Leone. Also, keep in mind the events surrounding the record-breaking oil spill resulting from the explosion and sinking of BPʹs Deepwater Horizon in the Gulf of Mexico, also in the same year. In this latter event, BP made unprecedented pledges of support for the staggering costs of the Gulf cleanup, under intense pressure from the Obama administration, since the nation suffering the damage was the United States. Congratulations, you have been appointed as a delegate to the UN -initiated Afghan Minerals Development Council, which will convene in the next few months. The goals of the Council are to oversee the extraction and export of resources, to ensure economic benefits for the Afghans, social and environmental justice, as well as environmental protection. -As far as costs of restoration and reclamation of mining sites you recommend ______________.

Plate tectonic movement results from ______________.

Use the figure above to answer the following question -The effects of increased recycling will, other factors being equal,_____________ .

Read the following scenario and answer the question below. In 2010, geologists working for the U.S. military operations in Afghanistan discovered a literal treasure -trove of mineral deposits with a preliminary estimated value at nearly $1 trillion U.S. dollars. So far, no proposals have been made for extracting these resources, but already parallels have been drawn to the many dimensions of human rights issues that have plagued coltan production in the Congo, oil drilling in Nigeria, and the ʺblood diamondsʺ of Sierra Leone. Also, keep in mind the events surrounding the record-breaking oil spill resulting from the explosion and sinking of BPʹs Deepwater Horizon in the Gulf of Mexico, also in the same year. In this latter event, BP made unprecedented pledges of support for the staggering costs of the Gulf cleanup, under intense pressure from the Obama administration, since the nation suffering the damage was the United States. Congratulations, you have been appointed as a delegate to the UN -initiated Afghan Minerals Development Council, which will convene in the next few months. The goals of the Council are to oversee the extraction and export of resources, to ensure economic benefits for the Afghans, social and environmental justice, as well as environmental protection. -As far as the share of corporate profits from mineral sales goes, the cut for the Afghans should be ______________.

Earthʹs mantle ______________

The U.S. Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 requires ______________.

Examples of valuable nonmetallic minerals extracted by mining are ______________.