Question 1

Worldwide, the fastest growing cities today are mostly _______________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  the megacities such as Tokyo, Mexico City, and New York City 
B)  large cities worldwide, such as Paris, London, and Los Angeles 
C)  cities in the northern United States, such as Chicago, Illinois, and Portland, Oregon 
D)  small cities in the southern United States, such as Austin, Texas, and Raleigh, North Carolina 
E)  cities in developing nations, including Cairo, Egypt, and Mumbai (Bombay), India 
A)  the megacities such as Tokyo, Mexico City, and New York City 
B)  large cities worldwide, such as Paris, London, and Los Angeles 
C)  cities in the northern United States, such as Chicago, Illinois, and Portland, Oregon 
D)  small cities in the southern United States, such as Austin, Texas, and Raleigh, North Carolina 
E)  cities in developing nations, including Cairo, Egypt, and Mumbai (Bombay), India E

Question 2

Read the following scenario and answer the question below.
A military base a few miles from a medium-sized city is being decommissioned. The base is a large one, sited along a coastline, and includes some small hills, pristine woodlands and wetlands, streams, a river, and a small lake. There is a railroad spur that connects the base with the nearby city, as well as a four -lane highway. The base contains housing, schools, a hospital, shops, and recreational areas for a population of 10,000. The cityʹs options for using, selling, or leasing the land are numerous, and many groups come forward with proposals.
-Members of several local environmental groups propose that nearly all of the buildings be removed and the area turned into a regional hiking and camping area, with very limited vehicle access. This will preserve the natural areas while providing recreation for the city dwellers. One issue that is raised by opponents is _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  that no one will be interested in that kind of recreation 
B)  that it will not be sustainable 
C)  whether there be sufficient space for RV camping 
D)  will revenue generated from users pay for the changes and the maintenance of such a facility 
E)  whether water sports be accessible to all 
A)  that no one will be interested in that kind of recreation 
B)  that it will not be sustainable 
C)  whether there be sufficient space for RV camping 
D)  will revenue generated from users pay for the changes and the maintenance of such a facility 
E)  whether water sports be accessible to all D

Question 3

The greatest general problem with suburbs is _______________

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased water quality 
B)  that they spread environmental impact over a larger area 
C)  high population density 
D)  lack of resources 
E)  lack of nearby shopping 
A)  decreased water quality 
B)  that they spread environmental impact over a larger area 
C)  high population density 
D)  lack of resources 
E)  lack of nearby shopping B

Question 4

Gasoline prices have doubled in a large Midwestern city and may continue to rise in the future. What may happen in this situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  People who live in the suburbs will want larger vehicles to drive. 
B)  People who live in the suburbs may press local politicians and city planners to develop better mass transit for the area. 
C)  People who live in the suburbs will become active supporters of increased mass transit options. 
D)  Some people who live in the suburbs will search for new places to live closer to where they work. 
E)  B, C, and D may all take place in this situation. 
A)  People who live in the suburbs will want larger vehicles to drive. 
B)  People who live in the suburbs may press local politicians and city planners to develop better mass transit for the area. 
C)  People who live in the suburbs will become active supporters of increased mass transit options. 
D)  Some people who live in the suburbs will search for new places to live closer to where they work. 
E)  B, C, and D may all take place in this situation.

Question 5

All of the following factors have contributed to movement of people to suburbs except _______________

Accepted Answer

A)  more space 
B)  better economic opportunities 
C)  lower crime rates 
D)  better schools 
E)  greater availability of mass transit 
A)  more space 
B)  better economic opportunities 
C)  lower crime rates 
D)  better schools 
E)  greater availability of mass transit

Question 6

Curitiba, Brazil, has shown us that _______________

Accepted Answer

A)  prohibition of all motorized vehicles within cities reduces pollution and saves energy 
B)  traffic flows smoothly once pedestrians and bicycles are eliminated 
C)  unregulated urban sprawl produces severe air pollution 
D)  an expanded bus system, affordable to all, can solve a large cityʹs traffic congestion 
E)  once roads are widened, traffic congestion decreases 
A)  prohibition of all motorized vehicles within cities reduces pollution and saves energy 
B)  traffic flows smoothly once pedestrians and bicycles are eliminated 
C)  unregulated urban sprawl produces severe air pollution 
D)  an expanded bus system, affordable to all, can solve a large cityʹs traffic congestion 
E)  once roads are widened, traffic congestion decreases

Question 7

A resource sink is _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  an area that is able to trade for all of the things that it needs 
B)  a resource that is desirable, such that different cities must compete to obtain enough of it for their citizens 
C)  an area that produces a single resource and can control the price of that commodity or service 
D)  an area that produces almost none of the things that it needs 
E)  an area that produces many things and needs to export them to a variety of places 
A)  an area that is able to trade for all of the things that it needs 
B)  a resource that is desirable, such that different cities must compete to obtain enough of it for their citizens 
C)  an area that produces a single resource and can control the price of that commodity or service 
D)  an area that produces almost none of the things that it needs 
E)  an area that produces many things and needs to export them to a variety of places

Question 8

American cities in the northern United States, such as Chicago, Illinois, _______________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  had their greatest populations in the 19th and early 20th centuries 
B)  have maintained a steady state population since the 1970s 
C)  have always grown rapidly and continue to do so 
D)  have steadily lost population over the past 40 years 
E)  have increased their rate of growth dramatically in the past 20 years 
A)  had their greatest populations in the 19th and early 20th centuries 
B)  have maintained a steady state population since the 1970s 
C)  have always grown rapidly and continue to do so 
D)  have steadily lost population over the past 40 years 
E)  have increased their rate of growth dramatically in the past 20 years

Question 9

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following:
-The spread of low-density urban or suburban development outward from an urban center

Accepted Answer

A) farming communities 
B) sprawl 
C) zoning 
D) new urbanism 
E) ruralization
F)urban planning
G)mass transit
H)old urbanism
I)regional planning
J)tiered utilization
K)suburban communities
L)suburbanization
M)urbanization 
A) farming communities 
B) sprawl 
C) zoning 
D) new urbanism 
E) ruralization
F)urban planning
G)mass transit
H)old urbanism
I)regional planning
J)tiered utilization
K)suburban communities
L)suburbanization
M)urbanization

Question 10

LʹEnfantʹs 1791 Plan of the U.S. capital represented the first _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  attempt to address biodiversity concerns 
B)  effort to design a freeway 
C)  thorough city planning program 
D)  effort to plan for agriculture in city areas 
E)  effort to address urban sprawl 
A)  attempt to address biodiversity concerns 
B)  effort to design a freeway 
C)  thorough city planning program 
D)  effort to plan for agriculture in city areas 
E)  effort to address urban sprawl

Question 11

Any consideration of the true costs of sprawl must include _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  more time for families to be together 
B)  the problems of decreased water and energy consumption 
C)  increased use of fossil fuels 
D)  increased use of pesticides 
E)  the restoration of natural areas to inner cities 
A)  more time for families to be together 
B)  the problems of decreased water and energy consumption 
C)  increased use of fossil fuels 
D)  increased use of pesticides 
E)  the restoration of natural areas to inner cities

Question 12

Around the world, most major cities are situated _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  in agricultural areas 
B)  at elevations above 500 m. 
C)  near mountains, usually in a valley 
D)  on the more northern continents 
E)  along rivers, oceans, roads, or train routes 
A)  in agricultural areas 
B)  at elevations above 500 m. 
C)  near mountains, usually in a valley 
D)  on the more northern continents 
E)  along rivers, oceans, roads, or train routes

Question 13

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following:
-Includes public systems of buses, trains, subways, and light rail

Accepted Answer

A) farming communities 
B) sprawl 
C) zoning 
D) new urbanism 
E) ruralization
F)urban planning
G)mass transit
H)old urbanism
I)regional planning
J)tiered utilization
K)suburban communities
L)suburbanization
M)urbanization 
A) farming communities 
B) sprawl 
C) zoning 
D) new urbanism 
E) ruralization
F)urban planning
G)mass transit
H)old urbanism
I)regional planning
J)tiered utilization
K)suburban communities
L)suburbanization
M)urbanization

Question 14

Over the past 50 years, most U.S. citizens who could afford to do so _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  moved into high-rise condominiums 
B)  migrated into the cities 
C)  moved into ʺdowntownʺ city center areas 
D)  left the cities for the suburbs 
E)  improved the cities 
A)  moved into high-rise condominiums 
B)  migrated into the cities 
C)  moved into ʺdowntownʺ city center areas 
D)  left the cities for the suburbs 
E)  improved the cities

Question 15

Use the figure above to answer the following question
-The transportation system that consumes the most energy per passenger mile is ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  light rail 
B)  bus 
C)  heavy rail 
D)  commuter rail 
E)  automobile 
A)  light rail 
B)  bus 
C)  heavy rail 
D)  commuter rail 
E)  automobile

Question 16

Read the following scenario and answer the question below.
A military base a few miles from a medium-sized city is being decommissioned. The base is a large one, sited along a coastline, and includes some small hills, pristine woodlands and wetlands, streams, a river, and a small lake. There is a railroad spur that connects the base with the nearby city, as well as a four -lane highway. The base contains housing, schools, a hospital, shops, and recreational areas for a population of 10,000. The cityʹs options for using, selling, or leasing the land are numerous, and many groups come forward with proposals.
-The city makes the very best choice _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  after holding open town hall hearings to involve all interested citizens and stakeholders 
B)  on the basis of the projected revenue from the different choices 
C)  after taking bids from the developers 
D)  by having an intensive ad campaign funded by the developers and then putting it to a vote of the citizens 
E)  by turning the decision over to a group of prominent business people from the local Chamber of Commerce 
A)  after holding open town hall hearings to involve all interested citizens and stakeholders 
B)  on the basis of the projected revenue from the different choices 
C)  after taking bids from the developers 
D)  by having an intensive ad campaign funded by the developers and then putting it to a vote of the citizens 
E)  by turning the decision over to a group of prominent business people from the local Chamber of Commerce

Question 17

Then, in 2010, Metro Portland made a historic agreement between landowners and citizens which _______________

Accepted Answer

A)  put up undeveloped land at auction to be sold to the highest bidders, public or private 
B)  prohibited agriculture on any undeveloped land in the region 
C)  converted all undeveloped land to restored natural ecosystems 
D)  gave each individual landowner an equal portion of the regionʹs land 
E)  included a regional plan to identify exactly where urban growth would be allowed 
A)  put up undeveloped land at auction to be sold to the highest bidders, public or private 
B)  prohibited agriculture on any undeveloped land in the region 
C)  converted all undeveloped land to restored natural ecosystems 
D)  gave each individual landowner an equal portion of the regionʹs land 
E)  included a regional plan to identify exactly where urban growth would be allowed

Question 18

The urban heat island effect is caused by _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  green buildings 
B)  air warmed over adjacent oceans blowing into urban areas 
C)  nuclear power plants venting excess heat into the urban landscape 
D)  heat-generating buildings and dark, heat-absorbing surfaces 
E)  street lighting and burning of wastes in landfills 
A)  green buildings 
B)  air warmed over adjacent oceans blowing into urban areas 
C)  nuclear power plants venting excess heat into the urban landscape 
D)  heat-generating buildings and dark, heat-absorbing surfaces 
E)  street lighting and burning of wastes in landfills

Question 19

Use the figure above to answer the following question
-According to the graphs, the energy consumption per passenger mile __________

Accepted Answer

A)  is more than twice as high for automobiles as it is for any other form of transportation 
B)  continues to increase for all types of transit 
C)  is only half as high for bus riders as it is for people in cars 
D)  is higher for all types of road use than it is for rail use 
E)  rises as you get farther from the city center 
A)  is more than twice as high for automobiles as it is for any other form of transportation 
B)  continues to increase for all types of transit 
C)  is only half as high for bus riders as it is for people in cars 
D)  is higher for all types of road use than it is for rail use 
E)  rises as you get farther from the city center

Question 20

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following:
-Designing neighborhoods on a walkable scale

Accepted Answer

A) farming communities 
B) sprawl 
C) zoning 
D) new urbanism 
E) ruralization
F)urban planning
G)mass transit
H)old urbanism
I)regional planning
J)tiered utilization
K)suburban communities
L)suburbanization
M)urbanization 
A) farming communities 
B) sprawl 
C) zoning 
D) new urbanism 
E) ruralization
F)urban planning
G)mass transit
H)old urbanism
I)regional planning
J)tiered utilization
K)suburban communities
L)suburbanization
M)urbanization

Worldwide, the fastest growing cities today are mostly _______________ .

The greatest general problem with suburbs is _______________

Gasoline prices have doubled in a large Midwestern city and may continue to rise in the future. What may happen in this situation?

All of the following factors have contributed to movement of people to suburbs except _______________

Curitiba, Brazil, has shown us that _______________

A resource sink is _______________.

American cities in the northern United States, such as Chicago, Illinois, _______________ .

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following: -The spread of low-density urban or suburban development outward from an urban center

LʹEnfantʹs 1791 Plan of the U.S. capital represented the first _______________.

Any consideration of the true costs of sprawl must include _______________.

Around the world, most major cities are situated _______________.

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following: -Includes public systems of buses, trains, subways, and light rail

Over the past 50 years, most U.S. citizens who could afford to do so _______________.

Use the figure above to answer the following question -The transportation system that consumes the most energy per passenger mile is ______________

Then, in 2010, Metro Portland made a historic agreement between landowners and citizens which _______________

The urban heat island effect is caused by _______________.

Use the figure above to answer the following question -According to the graphs, the energy consumption per passenger mile __________

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following: -Designing neighborhoods on a walkable scale

Science and Sustainability: an Introduction to Environmental Science

Environmental Systems: Matter, Energy, and Ecosystems

Evolution, Biodiversity, and Population Ecology

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Economics, Policy, and Sustainable Development

Human Population

Soil, Agriculture, and the Future of Food

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Forests, Forest Management, and Protected Areas

Environmental Health and Toxicology

Geology, Minerals, and Mining

Fresh Water, Oceans, and Coasts

Atmospheric Science, Air Quality, and Pollution Control

Global Climate Change

Nonrenewable Energy Sources, Their Impacts, and Energy Conservation

Renewable Energy Alternatives

Managing Our Waste

Epilogue

Filters

Exam 18: The Urban Environment: Creating Sustainable Cities

Worldwide, the fastest growing cities today are mostly _______________ .

The greatest general problem with suburbs is _______________

Gasoline prices have doubled in a large Midwestern city and may continue to rise in the future. What may happen in this situation?

All of the following factors have contributed to movement of people to suburbs except _______________

Curitiba, Brazil, has shown us that _______________

A resource sink is _______________.

American cities in the northern United States, such as Chicago, Illinois, _______________ .

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following: -The spread of low-density urban or suburban development outward from an urban center

LʹEnfantʹs 1791 Plan of the U.S. capital represented the first _______________.

Any consideration of the true costs of sprawl must include _______________.

Around the world, most major cities are situated _______________.

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following: -Includes public systems of buses, trains, subways, and light rail

Over the past 50 years, most U.S. citizens who could afford to do so _______________.

Use the figure above to answer the following question -The transportation system that consumes the most energy per passenger mile is ______________

Then, in 2010, Metro Portland made a historic agreement between landowners and citizens which _______________

The urban heat island effect is caused by _______________.

Use the figure above to answer the following question -According to the graphs, the energy consumption per passenger mile __________

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following: -Designing neighborhoods on a walkable scale

Science and Sustainability: an Introduction to Environmental Science

Environmental Systems: Matter, Energy, and Ecosystems

Evolution, Biodiversity, and Population Ecology

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Economics, Policy, and Sustainable Development

Human Population

Soil, Agriculture, and the Future of Food

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Forests, Forest Management, and Protected Areas

Environmental Health and Toxicology

Geology, Minerals, and Mining

Fresh Water, Oceans, and Coasts

Atmospheric Science, Air Quality, and Pollution Control

Global Climate Change

Nonrenewable Energy Sources, Their Impacts, and Energy Conservation

Renewable Energy Alternatives

Managing Our Waste

Epilogue

Filters