Question 1

Most surveys of a large number of people contain primarily closed-ended questions because

Accepted Answer

A) The answers are easy to process with computers 
B) Computers can easily be used to analyze statistics 
C) The answers in closed-ended questions often obscure what people really think 
D) Only A and B are correct 
A) The answers are easy to process with computers 
B) Computers can easily be used to analyze statistics 
C) The answers in closed-ended questions often obscure what people really think 
D) Only A and B are correct

Question 2

What does "test-retest reliability" mean? Give an example.4-18)

Accepted Answer

Test-Retest Reliability
When researchers

Question 3

There are five levels of measurement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

When the range of responses to a question cannot be adequately anticipated, ___ questions are preferable

Accepted Answer

A) Observational 
B) Closed-ended 
C) Open-ended 
D) Fixed-choice 
A) Observational 
B) Closed-ended 
C) Open-ended 
D) Fixed-choice

Question 5

What are the four approaches to testing the validity of measures?

Accepted Answer

As mentioned in Chapter 2, we can consid

Question 6

When researchers test alternate-forms reliability, they divide the sample in half and administer two forms of the questions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Is it possible to measure a variable using more than one level of measurement? How? When would that not work?

Accepted Answer

Government reports are rich and readily

Question 8

Often when data is collected about individuals or groups without their direct knowledge, the researcher is using unobtrusive measures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Operationalization is the process of

Accepted Answer

A) A procedure for identifying or indicating the value of cases on a variable 
B) The question or other operation used to indicate the value of a case on a variable 
C) The use of rich and readily accessible sources of criminal justice data 
D) Specifying the operations that will indicate the value of a variable for each case 
A) A procedure for identifying or indicating the value of cases on a variable 
B) The question or other operation used to indicate the value of a case on a variable 
C) The use of rich and readily accessible sources of criminal justice data 
D) Specifying the operations that will indicate the value of a variable for each case

Question 10

Consistency of ratings by an observer of an unchanging phenomenon at two or more points in time shows

Accepted Answer

A) Interobserver reliability 
B) Alternate-forms reliability 
C) Split-halves reliability 
D) Intra-observer reliability 
A) Interobserver reliability 
B) Alternate-forms reliability 
C) Split-halves reliability 
D) Intra-observer reliability

Question 11

The values of a variable at the ratio level of measurement have no absolute zero point.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

When people drink alcohol, the alcohol is absorbed into their bloodstream and is then gradually metabolized in their liver, which may be measured to determine their 'blood alcohol' level.This may be used as an indirect measure to validate self-reports about alcohol consumption during a certain period of time.This is an example of validity

Accepted Answer

A) Criterion 
B) Construct 
C) Content 
D) Face 
A) Criterion 
B) Construct 
C) Content 
D) Face

Question 13

How concepts are operationalized can affect findings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following are unobtrusive measures identified by Webb, et al.?

Accepted Answer

A) Physical trace evidence 
B) Archives available data) 
C) Simple Observation 
D) All of the above 
A) Physical trace evidence 
B) Archives available data) 
C) Simple Observation 
D) All of the above

Question 15

What is the rationale for creating a multi-item index? What issues should a researcher be aware of when creating one?

Accepted Answer

As with nominal variables, the different

Question 16

Measurement of a variable in which the numbers indicate a variable's values represent fixed measurement units but with no absolute, fixed zero point are

Accepted Answer

A) Nominal level of measurement 
B) Ordinal level of measurement 
C) Interval level of measurement 
D) Ratio level of measurement 
A) Nominal level of measurement 
B) Ordinal level of measurement 
C) Interval level of measurement 
D) Ratio level of measurement

Question 17

If answers given by the class to multiple questions in a self-report questionnaire are consistent then it can be said that they are

Accepted Answer

A) Correct 
B) Valid 
C) Reliable 
D) None of the above 
A) Correct 
B) Valid 
C) Reliable 
D) None of the above

Question 18

To determine the convergence between official incident records of inmate misconduct and self-reported offending, Steiner and Wooldredge 2014)also

Accepted Answer

A) Conducted interviews of witnesses 
B) Collected survey data from inmates 
C) Collected official records for the same inmates in Ohio & Kentucky correctional institutions 
D) Only B & C are correct 
A) Conducted interviews of witnesses 
B) Collected survey data from inmates 
C) Collected official records for the same inmates in Ohio & Kentucky correctional institutions 
D) Only B & C are correct

Question 19

Available criminal justice data includes official data, such as

Accepted Answer

A) Government statistics 
B) U.S.Census Bureau statistics 
C) Uniform Crime Reports 
D) All of the above 
A) Government statistics 
B) U.S.Census Bureau statistics 
C) Uniform Crime Reports 
D) All of the above

Question 20

A variable has measurement validity when

Accepted Answer

A) It can be reproduced 
B) It measures what we think it does 
C) It covers the full range of the concept's meaning 
D) An inspection of the items used to measure it makes sense 
A) It can be reproduced 
B) It measures what we think it does 
C) It covers the full range of the concept's meaning 
D) An inspection of the items used to measure it makes sense

Most surveys of a large number of people contain primarily closed-ended questions because

What does "test-retest reliability" mean? Give an example.4-18)

There are five levels of measurement.

When the range of responses to a question cannot be adequately anticipated, ___ questions are preferable

What are the four approaches to testing the validity of measures?

When researchers test alternate-forms reliability, they divide the sample in half and administer two forms of the questions.

Is it possible to measure a variable using more than one level of measurement? How? When would that not work?

Often when data is collected about individuals or groups without their direct knowledge, the researcher is using unobtrusive measures.

Operationalization is the process of

Consistency of ratings by an observer of an unchanging phenomenon at two or more points in time shows

The values of a variable at the ratio level of measurement have no absolute zero point.

How concepts are operationalized can affect findings.

Which of the following are unobtrusive measures identified by Webb, et al.?

What is the rationale for creating a multi-item index? What issues should a researcher be aware of when creating one?

Measurement of a variable in which the numbers indicate a variable's values represent fixed measurement units but with no absolute, fixed zero point are

If answers given by the class to multiple questions in a self-report questionnaire are consistent then it can be said that they are

To determine the convergence between official incident records of inmate misconduct and self-reported offending, Steiner and Wooldredge 2014)also

Available criminal justice data includes official data, such as

A variable has measurement validity when

Science, Society, and Criminological Research

The Process and Problems of Criminological Research

Research Ethics

Sampling

Causation and Experimentation

Survey Research

Qualitative Methods and Data Analysis

Analyzing Content

Evaluation and Policy Analysis

Mixing and Comparing Methods

Reporting Research Results

Filters

Exam 4: Conceptualization and Measurement

Most surveys of a large number of people contain primarily closed-ended questions because

What does "test-retest reliability" mean? Give an example.4-18)

There are five levels of measurement.

When the range of responses to a question cannot be adequately anticipated, ___ questions are preferable

What are the four approaches to testing the validity of measures?

When researchers test alternate-forms reliability, they divide the sample in half and administer two forms of the questions.

Is it possible to measure a variable using more than one level of measurement? How? When would that not work?

Often when data is collected about individuals or groups without their direct knowledge, the researcher is using unobtrusive measures.

Operationalization is the process of

Consistency of ratings by an observer of an unchanging phenomenon at two or more points in time shows

The values of a variable at the ratio level of measurement have no absolute zero point.

How concepts are operationalized can affect findings.

Which of the following are unobtrusive measures identified by Webb, et al.?

What is the rationale for creating a multi-item index? What issues should a researcher be aware of when creating one?

Measurement of a variable in which the numbers indicate a variable's values represent fixed measurement units but with no absolute, fixed zero point are

If answers given by the class to multiple questions in a self-report questionnaire are consistent then it can be said that they are

To determine the convergence between official incident records of inmate misconduct and self-reported offending, Steiner and Wooldredge 2014)also

Available criminal justice data includes official data, such as

A variable has measurement validity when

Science, Society, and Criminological Research

The Process and Problems of Criminological Research

Research Ethics

Sampling

Causation and Experimentation

Survey Research

Qualitative Methods and Data Analysis

Analyzing Content

Evaluation and Policy Analysis

Mixing and Comparing Methods

Reporting Research Results

Filters