Exam 2: The Beginning: From Conception to Birth

After about the eight-cell stage within the zygote,cells start to _____,meaning that they take different forms and reproduce at various rates,depending on where they are located.

An individual with an extra chromosome on the 21st pair of chromosomes has:

Most births in the United States take place in a(n)_____.

Adults who were low-birthweight babies have an increased risk of developing:

A baby is assessed at one minute after birth using the Apgar scale.Three of the five vital signs are good,but the baby is weak and inactive and does not grimace.The two vital signs the medical team is concerned about are:

Claire is one month pregnant and consults with her doctor about the different categories of teratogens.The doctor tells her that all of the following are categories of teratogens EXCEPT:

Humans have 23 pairs of _____,which contain the instructions to make the proteins needed for life and growth.

The MOST common extra-chromosome condition is:

Nadia just had a baby and now is experiencing a sense of inadequacy and sadness.She may have:

The _____ is an international effort to map the complete human genetic code.

Carla,in labor with her first child,is in a great deal of pain and has been experiencing strong contractions for nearly 12 hours with little progress toward birth.Although Carla was hoping for a natural birth,her doctor has urged her to use an epidural.Which of the following problems occurs MOST often following an epidural?

Regarding biological sex (XX or XY),women become drunk on more alcohol than men.

Most of the known single-gene disorders are _____.

When the effects of genes add up to influence the phenotype,they are called "_____ genes."

Behavioral teratogens cause physical defects and brain abnormalities.

The first 22 chromosomes contain hundreds of genes in the same positions and sequence.If the code of the gene from one parent differs from the code on the same gene from the other parent,the gene pair is:

The longest period of prenatal development is the _____ period.

When someone inherits a recessive gene that is not expressed,that person is a(n)_____ of that gene.

Jamal was born with genes to be a professional athlete,but his environmental experiences never supported the development of his potential athletic ability,so he never became a professional athlete.This example illustrates the concept of a trait being:

At the end of the embryonic period,the embryo has all of the basic organs and body parts (except sex organs)of a human being.