Question 1

What sequence on a DNA molecule indicates where RNA polymerase should begin transcription?

Accepted Answer

A) replication fork 
B) Okazaki fragment 
C) promoter 
D) replication origin 
E) anticodon loop 
A) replication fork 
B) Okazaki fragment 
C) promoter 
D) replication origin 
E) anticodon loop

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A) nitrogenous base 
B) five-carbon sugar 
C) phosphoryl group 
D) amino acid 
E) A nucleotide consists of all of these components. 
A) nitrogenous base 
B) five-carbon sugar 
C) phosphoryl group 
D) amino acid 
E) A nucleotide consists of all of these components.

Question 3

What enzyme is responsible for reading a parental strand of DNA and catalyzing the polymerization of a complementary daughter strand?

Accepted Answer

A) peptide polymers 
B) DNA isomerase III 
C) DNA polymerase 
D) transferase coenzyme A 
E) None of the choices are correct. 
A) peptide polymers 
B) DNA isomerase III 
C) DNA polymerase 
D) transferase coenzyme A 
E) None of the choices are correct.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the primary function of mRNA in a cell?

Accepted Answer

A) to serve as an enzyme in the formation of the DNA double helix 
B) to serve as an enzyme in DNA replication 
C) to transport amino acids to the ribosomes for protein synthesis 
D) to transcribe the instructions for protein synthesis from DNA and carry this information to the ribosomes 
E) to serve as the structural site for protein synthesis 
A) to serve as an enzyme in the formation of the DNA double helix 
B) to serve as an enzyme in DNA replication 
C) to transport amino acids to the ribosomes for protein synthesis 
D) to transcribe the instructions for protein synthesis from DNA and carry this information to the ribosomes 
E) to serve as the structural site for protein synthesis

Question 5

What is the requirement for a radiolabeled DNA or RNA molecule (i.e.,a probe)to hybridize to a section of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) Both strands must contain a primer. 
B) A cloning vector must be present. 
C) The strands must have the same bacterial origin. 
D) The strands must have complementary sequences. 
E) The strands must have identical sequences. 
A) Both strands must contain a primer. 
B) A cloning vector must be present. 
C) The strands must have the same bacterial origin. 
D) The strands must have complementary sequences. 
E) The strands must have identical sequences.

Question 6

Which of the following changes in a DNA molecule may have no effect on the protein for which the DNA codes?

Accepted Answer

A) a deletion mutation 
B) formation of a thymine dimer 
C) changing the first base in a triplet 
D) changing the second base in a triplet 
E) changing the third base in a triplet 
A) a deletion mutation 
B) formation of a thymine dimer 
C) changing the first base in a triplet 
D) changing the second base in a triplet 
E) changing the third base in a triplet

Question 7

DNA is a double-stranded nucleic acid that exists as a double helix.Which of the following is responsible for holding the double helix of DNA together?

Accepted Answer

A) Phosphodiester bonds between the two strands. 
B) N-glycosidic linkages between the sugar-phosphate backbone on each strand. 
C) Hydrogen bonding between complementary base pairs on the two strands. 
D) Disulfide bonds between the nucleotides on the two strands. 
E) Thymine dimers between the two strands. 
A) Phosphodiester bonds between the two strands. 
B) N-glycosidic linkages between the sugar-phosphate backbone on each strand. 
C) Hydrogen bonding between complementary base pairs on the two strands. 
D) Disulfide bonds between the nucleotides on the two strands. 
E) Thymine dimers between the two strands.

Question 8

A gene contains the sequence 3'-GACTGA-5' on its template strand.What would be the sequence of the transcribed mRNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) 3'-GACUGA-5' 
B) 5'-GACUGA-3' 
C) 5'-CTGACT-3' 
D) 5'-CUGACU-3' 
E) 3'-AGTCAG-5' 
A) 3'-GACUGA-5' 
B) 5'-GACUGA-3' 
C) 5'-CTGACT-3' 
D) 5'-CUGACU-3' 
E) 3'-AGTCAG-5'

Question 9

The two strands of the DNA molecule are antiparallel to one another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What term is used to describe the point at which new deoxyribonucleotides are added to the growing daughter strand during DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

A) replication junction 
B) transcription point 
C) replication fork 
D) parental/daughter boundary 
E) addition point 
A) replication junction 
B) transcription point 
C) replication fork 
D) parental/daughter boundary 
E) addition point

Question 11

What is the term used to describe complexes of many ribosomes all simultaneously translating a single mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A) carcinogens 
B) promoters 
C) polysomes 
D) codons 
E) mutagens 
A) carcinogens 
B) promoters 
C) polysomes 
D) codons 
E) mutagens

Question 12

Which two amino acids are encoded by only a single codon each?

Accepted Answer

A) proline and glycine 
B) cysteine and arginine 
C) phenylalanine and isoleucine 
D) tyrosine and proline 
E) methionine and tryptophan 
A) proline and glycine 
B) cysteine and arginine 
C) phenylalanine and isoleucine 
D) tyrosine and proline 
E) methionine and tryptophan

Question 13

Which of the statements concerning the nucleotide with the name adenosine-5'-monophosphate (AMP)is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) It is a ribonucleotide. 
B) It is composed of ribose,adenine,and a single phosphate group. 
C) It is found in RNA only. 
D) The phosphate group is attached to the 5' carbon of adenine. 
E) All of the statements are true. 
A) It is a ribonucleotide. 
B) It is composed of ribose,adenine,and a single phosphate group. 
C) It is found in RNA only. 
D) The phosphate group is attached to the 5' carbon of adenine. 
E) All of the statements are true.

Question 14

Which term describes the process by which a message from DNA in the form of mRNA is converted into the primary sequence of amino acids in a protein?

Accepted Answer

A) translation 
B) transcription 
C) initiation 
D) elongation 
E) translocation 
A) translation 
B) transcription 
C) initiation 
D) elongation 
E) translocation

Question 15

Which nitrogenous base is normally found in RNA,but not in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) pyridine 
B) urea 
C) thymine 
D) uracil 
E) purine 
A) pyridine 
B) urea 
C) thymine 
D) uracil 
E) purine

Question 16

What is the key function of a DNA primer in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

Accepted Answer

A) It hybridizes to the beginning of a gene,creating a site for DNA polymerase to initiate DNA synthesis of the selected gene. 
B) It aids in winding the newly produced DNA molecule with proteins to form a chromosome. 
C) It catalyzes the separation of the two strands of DNA being copied. 
D) It is the source of the four nucleotides needed in PCR. 
E) It acts as a buffer to main a constant pH in the PCR solution. 
A) It hybridizes to the beginning of a gene,creating a site for DNA polymerase to initiate DNA synthesis of the selected gene. 
B) It aids in winding the newly produced DNA molecule with proteins to form a chromosome. 
C) It catalyzes the separation of the two strands of DNA being copied. 
D) It is the source of the four nucleotides needed in PCR. 
E) It acts as a buffer to main a constant pH in the PCR solution.

Question 17

What is the term used to describe the relationship between the nucleotide sequences on the two strands of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) They are enantiomers. 
B) They are cooperative. 
C) They are complementary. 
D) They are mirror images. 
E) They are identical. 
A) They are enantiomers. 
B) They are cooperative. 
C) They are complementary. 
D) They are mirror images. 
E) They are identical.

Question 18

Which term refers to the sequence of three nucleotides at the base of the cloverleaf of a tRNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) codon 
B) promoter 
C) P-site 
D) anticodon 
E) A-site 
A) codon 
B) promoter 
C) P-site 
D) anticodon 
E) A-site

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a product of recombinant DNA technology that is used in medicine?

Accepted Answer

A) insulin 
B) aspirin 
C) human growth hormone 
D) influenza vaccine 
E) hepatitis B vaccine 
A) insulin 
B) aspirin 
C) human growth hormone 
D) influenza vaccine 
E) hepatitis B vaccine

Question 20

E.coli contains a single circular piece of DNA as its genetic material.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 20: Introduction to Molecular Genetics

What sequence on a DNA molecule indicates where RNA polymerase should begin transcription?

Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide?

What enzyme is responsible for reading a parental strand of DNA and catalyzing the polymerization of a complementary daughter strand?

Which of the following best describes the primary function of mRNA in a cell?

What is the requirement for a radiolabeled DNA or RNA molecule (i.e.,a probe)to hybridize to a section of DNA?

Which of the following changes in a DNA molecule may have no effect on the protein for which the DNA codes?

DNA is a double-stranded nucleic acid that exists as a double helix.Which of the following is responsible for holding the double helix of DNA together?

A gene contains the sequence 3'-GACTGA-5' on its template strand.What would be the sequence of the transcribed mRNA molecule?

The two strands of the DNA molecule are antiparallel to one another.

What term is used to describe the point at which new deoxyribonucleotides are added to the growing daughter strand during DNA replication?

What is the term used to describe complexes of many ribosomes all simultaneously translating a single mRNA?

Which two amino acids are encoded by only a single codon each?

Which of the statements concerning the nucleotide with the name adenosine-5'-monophosphate (AMP)is FALSE?

Which term describes the process by which a message from DNA in the form of mRNA is converted into the primary sequence of amino acids in a protein?

Which nitrogenous base is normally found in RNA,but not in DNA?

What is the key function of a DNA primer in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

What is the term used to describe the relationship between the nucleotide sequences on the two strands of DNA?

Which term refers to the sequence of three nucleotides at the base of the cloverleaf of a tRNA molecule?

Which of the following is NOT a product of recombinant DNA technology that is used in medicine?

E.coli contains a single circular piece of DNA as its genetic material.

Chemistry - Methods and Measurement

The Structure of the Atom and the Periodic Table

Structure and Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Calculations, chemical Changes, and the Chemical Equation

States of Matter: Gases, liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Energy,rate and Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

The Nucleus, radioactivity, and Nuclear Medicine

An Introduction to Organic Chemistry

The Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: Alkenes, alkynes, and Aromatics

Alcohols, phenols, thiols, and Ethers

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Amines and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Their Functions in Biochemical Systems

Protein Structure and Function

Enzymes

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Aerobic Respiration and Energy Production

Fatty Acid Metabolism

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