Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a base common to both DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

A) adenine 
B) thymine 
C) guanine 
D) cytosine 
E) All of the choices are bases common to both DNA and RNA. 
A) adenine 
B) thymine 
C) guanine 
D) cytosine 
E) All of the choices are bases common to both DNA and RNA.

Question 2

Which term represents the process in which the genetic information stored in DNA is read and copied into an mRNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) replication 
B) translation 
C) transcription 
D) cloning 
E) mutation 
A) replication 
B) translation 
C) transcription 
D) cloning 
E) mutation

Question 3

What commonly results when DNA is damaged by ultraviolet light?

Accepted Answer

A) cysteine dimers 
B) pyrimidine dimers 
C) the conversion of purine bases to pyrimidine bases 
D) the conversion of pyrimidine bases to purine bases 
E) an increased production of DNA 
A) cysteine dimers 
B) pyrimidine dimers 
C) the conversion of purine bases to pyrimidine bases 
D) the conversion of pyrimidine bases to purine bases 
E) an increased production of DNA

Question 4

A DNA template strand having the sequence shown below would produce an mRNA molecule with what sequence? 3'-CGATCA-5'

Accepted Answer

A) 3'-CGATCA-5' 
B) 3'-CGAUCA-5' 
C) 5'-CGAUCA-3' 
D) 5'-GCUAGU-3' 
E) 5'-GCTAGT-3' 
A) 3'-CGATCA-5' 
B) 3'-CGAUCA-5' 
C) 5'-CGAUCA-3' 
D) 5'-GCUAGU-3' 
E) 5'-GCTAGT-3'

Question 5

DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides.The nucleotides in each of these molecules are joined together by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) complementary base pairing 
B) hydrogen bonding 
C) β-N-glycosidic linkages 
D) 3'-5' phosphodiester bonds 
E) peptide bonds 
A) complementary base pairing 
B) hydrogen bonding 
C) β-N-glycosidic linkages 
D) 3'-5' phosphodiester bonds 
E) peptide bonds

Question 6

In eukaryotes,the initiator tRNA is bonded to methionine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which term describes the process by which a single strand of DNA serves as a template for the synthesis of an RNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) translation 
B) transcription 
C) initiation 
D) elongation 
E) replication 
A) translation 
B) transcription 
C) initiation 
D) elongation 
E) replication

Question 8

The genetic code is composed of triplets using four different bases.How many different codons (triplets)are there?

Accepted Answer

A) 12 
B) 24 
C) 36 
D) 64 
E) 128 
A) 12 
B) 24 
C) 36 
D) 64 
E) 128

Question 9

What molecule carries the anticodon sequence that is complementary to the codon sequence on messenger RNA?

Accepted Answer

A) operons 
B) restriction enzymes 
C) transfer RNA 
D) DNA polymerase 
E) ribosomal RNA 
A) operons 
B) restriction enzymes 
C) transfer RNA 
D) DNA polymerase 
E) ribosomal RNA

Question 10

Phosphate groups can be esterified at any hydroxyl group on a pentose nucleotide.What position is the most common?

Accepted Answer

A) 1' 
B) 2' 
C) 3' 
D) 4' 
E) 5' 
A) 1' 
B) 2' 
C) 3' 
D) 4' 
E) 5'

Question 11

Which term is used to describe the process in which a double stranded DNA molecule unwinds,separates,and each strand serves as a template in the synthesis of its complement?

Accepted Answer

A) cloning 
B) replication 
C) duplication 
D) transcription 
E) mutation 
A) cloning 
B) replication 
C) duplication 
D) transcription 
E) mutation

Question 12

Which of the following are correct base pairs in DNA? 1.adenine and thymine
2.adenine and cytosine
3.thymine and guanine
4.cytosine and guanine

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 4 
B) 2 and 3 
C) 1,2,and 3 
D) 1,3,and 4 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) 1 and 4 
B) 2 and 3 
C) 1,2,and 3 
D) 1,3,and 4 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 13

The mRNA codon CAU specifies the amino acid histidine (His).What sequence of nucleotides is found in the anticodon loop of the tRNA molecule that carries His to the ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) CAU 
B) CAT 
C) GTA 
D) GUA 
E) GUT 
A) CAU 
B) CAT 
C) GTA 
D) GUA 
E) GUT

Question 14

Which of the following molecules carries the genetic information for a protein from DNA to the ribosome?

Accepted Answer

A) mRNA 
B) tRNA 
C) amino acids 
D) coenzyme A 
E) ATP 
A) mRNA 
B) tRNA 
C) amino acids 
D) coenzyme A 
E) ATP

Question 15

What important discovery about DNA was made by Irwin Chargaff?

Accepted Answer

A) The structure of DNA was a double-stranded helix. 
B) Chromosomes were DNA-containing structures within the cell. 
C) The genetic code consisted of a sequence of 3 bases. 
D) DNA replication is a semiconservative process. 
E) The amounts of adenine and thymine in all DNA were equal,as were the amounts of guanine and cytosine. 
A) The structure of DNA was a double-stranded helix. 
B) Chromosomes were DNA-containing structures within the cell. 
C) The genetic code consisted of a sequence of 3 bases. 
D) DNA replication is a semiconservative process. 
E) The amounts of adenine and thymine in all DNA were equal,as were the amounts of guanine and cytosine.

Question 16

The mechanism of DNA replication is said to be semi-conservative.Which of the following best describes what this term indicates with respect to DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

A) The daughter DNA strands are formed by complementary,not identical,base pairing. 
B) The daughter DNA strands are formed by both complementary as well as identical base pairing. 
C) The daughter DNA strands produced in DNA replication each contain one strand of the original parent DNA and one newly synthesized strand. 
D) Nucleoside triphosphates as well as nucleoside monophosphates are used to provide the complementary bases. 
E) DNA replication proceeds in both the 3'→5' direction as well as the 5'→3' direction. 
A) The daughter DNA strands are formed by complementary,not identical,base pairing. 
B) The daughter DNA strands are formed by both complementary as well as identical base pairing. 
C) The daughter DNA strands produced in DNA replication each contain one strand of the original parent DNA and one newly synthesized strand. 
D) Nucleoside triphosphates as well as nucleoside monophosphates are used to provide the complementary bases. 
E) DNA replication proceeds in both the 3'→5' direction as well as the 5'→3' direction.

Question 17

What enzyme functions to catalyze the formation of phosphodiester bonds between two fragments of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) Thermus aquaticus 
B) DNA phosphatase 
C) DNA ligase 
D) Restriction enzymes 
E) Taq polymerase 
A) Thermus aquaticus 
B) DNA phosphatase 
C) DNA ligase 
D) Restriction enzymes 
E) Taq polymerase

Question 18

Which of the following components is bonded to the backbone chain of DNA by N-glycosidic bonds?

Accepted Answer

A) phosphoryl groups 
B) nucleotides 
C) pentoses 
D) nitrogenous bases 
E) ammonia 
A) phosphoryl groups 
B) nucleotides 
C) pentoses 
D) nitrogenous bases 
E) ammonia

Question 19

Transfer RNA (tRNA)is a complementary copy of a gene on DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A DNA fingerprint requires 25-60 DNA strands that are unique to an individual.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 20: Introduction to Molecular Genetics

Which of the following is NOT a base common to both DNA and RNA?

Which term represents the process in which the genetic information stored in DNA is read and copied into an mRNA molecule?

What commonly results when DNA is damaged by ultraviolet light?

A DNA template strand having the sequence shown below would produce an mRNA molecule with what sequence? 3'-CGATCA-5'

DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides.The nucleotides in each of these molecules are joined together by which of the following?

In eukaryotes,the initiator tRNA is bonded to methionine.

Which term describes the process by which a single strand of DNA serves as a template for the synthesis of an RNA molecule?

The genetic code is composed of triplets using four different bases.How many different codons (triplets)are there?

What molecule carries the anticodon sequence that is complementary to the codon sequence on messenger RNA?

Phosphate groups can be esterified at any hydroxyl group on a pentose nucleotide.What position is the most common?

Which term is used to describe the process in which a double stranded DNA molecule unwinds,separates,and each strand serves as a template in the synthesis of its complement?

Which of the following are correct base pairs in DNA? 1.adenine and thymine 2.adenine and cytosine 3.thymine and guanine 4.cytosine and guanine

The mRNA codon CAU specifies the amino acid histidine (His).What sequence of nucleotides is found in the anticodon loop of the tRNA molecule that carries His to the ribosomes?

Which of the following molecules carries the genetic information for a protein from DNA to the ribosome?

What important discovery about DNA was made by Irwin Chargaff?

The mechanism of DNA replication is said to be semi-conservative.Which of the following best describes what this term indicates with respect to DNA replication?

What enzyme functions to catalyze the formation of phosphodiester bonds between two fragments of DNA?

Which of the following components is bonded to the backbone chain of DNA by N-glycosidic bonds?

Transfer RNA (tRNA)is a complementary copy of a gene on DNA.

A DNA fingerprint requires 25-60 DNA strands that are unique to an individual.

Chemistry - Methods and Measurement

The Structure of the Atom and the Periodic Table

Structure and Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Calculations, chemical Changes, and the Chemical Equation

States of Matter: Gases, liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Energy,rate and Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

The Nucleus, radioactivity, and Nuclear Medicine

An Introduction to Organic Chemistry

The Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: Alkenes, alkynes, and Aromatics

Alcohols, phenols, thiols, and Ethers

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Amines and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Their Functions in Biochemical Systems

Protein Structure and Function

Enzymes

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Aerobic Respiration and Energy Production

Fatty Acid Metabolism

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