Question 1

What are some of the research findings on false confessions?

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary but should reference s

Question 2

Which statement is NOT true of Canada's common law confession rule?

Accepted Answer

A)  The rule was clarified and explained in R. v. Oickle in 1890. 
B)  It reflects the court's opinion that involuntary confessions are more likely to be unreliable. 
C)  Despite the rule, it has still been difficult for courts to determine voluntariness. 
D)  The level of analysis for inadmissibility of a confession is a reasonable doubt. 
A)  The rule was clarified and explained in R. v. Oickle in 1890. 
B)  It reflects the court's opinion that involuntary confessions are more likely to be unreliable. 
C)  Despite the rule, it has still been difficult for courts to determine voluntariness. 
D)  The level of analysis for inadmissibility of a confession is a reasonable doubt.

Question 3

What are some possible reforms that can be implemented in police interrogation procedures to reduce the risk of false confessions?

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary but should reference s

Question 4

Of all of the traits that can be defined as vulnerability, the text argues that the most dangerous vulnerability is probably:

Accepted Answer

A)  youth. 
B)  mental illness. 
C)  low intelligence. 
D)  high aggression. 
A)  youth. 
B)  mental illness. 
C)  low intelligence. 
D)  high aggression.

Question 5

Research on youth and their understanding of legal rights has found that:

Accepted Answer

A)  fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FAS
D)  youth scored the same as non-FASD youth on their ability to understand their legal rights. 
B)  fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FAS
D)  youth were more confident about their ability to understand their legal rights than researchers expected to find. 
C)  age, race and income all seem to predict risk factors for youth comprehending their legal rights. 
D)  simplification of wording and the use of a standardized fifth grade reading level has increased comprehension of legal rights in the last decade. 
A)  fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FAS
D)  youth scored the same as non-FASD youth on their ability to understand their legal rights. 
B)  fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FAS
D)  youth were more confident about their ability to understand their legal rights than researchers expected to find. 
C)  age, race and income all seem to predict risk factors for youth comprehending their legal rights. 
D)  simplification of wording and the use of a standardized fifth grade reading level has increased comprehension of legal rights in the last decade.

Question 6

Which statement is NOT true concerning research on the effects of cautionary warnings?

Accepted Answer

A)  Modifications of instructions, listing and explanations improved comprehension. 
B)  Overall, data indicate that people's comprehension is relatively low. 
C)  Comprehension increases significantly if a written copy of the warnings is provided. 
D)  Research indicates that comprehension increases under actual arrest conditions. 
A)  Modifications of instructions, listing and explanations improved comprehension. 
B)  Overall, data indicate that people's comprehension is relatively low. 
C)  Comprehension increases significantly if a written copy of the warnings is provided. 
D)  Research indicates that comprehension increases under actual arrest conditions.

Question 7

Research outlined in the text has shown that frequency of full confessions that are procured through interrogation is within the range of _____ percent.

Accepted Answer

A)  6-22 
B)  15-25 
C)  21-30 
D)  39-48 
A)  6-22 
B)  15-25 
C)  21-30 
D)  39-48

Question 8

What has been the Canadian courts' position on the use of deception by police during interrogations? How does the use of deception during interrogations in other countries such as England and Wales compare?

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary but should reference s

Question 9

The tendency to believe that the behavior of others is caused by dispositional traits such as personality rather than some situational crisis is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  fundamental attribution error. 
B)  functional fixedness. 
C)  negative characterization hypothesis. 
D)  false personification syndrome. 
A)  fundamental attribution error. 
B)  functional fixedness. 
C)  negative characterization hypothesis. 
D)  false personification syndrome.

Question 10

In King and Snook's research on the use of Reid techniques and other influence tactics and coercive strategies, it was found that:

Accepted Answer

A)  about 50 percent of the Reid techniques were present in the interrogations analyzed. 
B)  the more techniques and influence tactics used, the more likely police were to get partial or full confessions. 
C)  defendants have become more sophisticated because of television dramas and are less influenced by coercion. 
D)  there was no relationship between the amount or type of tactic used and the outcomes of the interrogations. 
A)  about 50 percent of the Reid techniques were present in the interrogations analyzed. 
B)  the more techniques and influence tactics used, the more likely police were to get partial or full confessions. 
C)  defendants have become more sophisticated because of television dramas and are less influenced by coercion. 
D)  there was no relationship between the amount or type of tactic used and the outcomes of the interrogations.

Question 11

The United Kingdom's Police and Criminal Evidence Act (PACE) requires that police provide a number of protections. Which is NOT one of those protections afforded under the Act?

Accepted Answer

A)  Allow appropriate adults to witness the interview of any vulnerable suspect. 
B)  Provide snacks, drinks and bathroom breaks for every 45 minutes of an interview. 
C)  Audio-record all interviews conducted at the police station. 
D)  Refrain from tricking or lying to any suspects as a means of inducing a confession. 
A)  Allow appropriate adults to witness the interview of any vulnerable suspect. 
B)  Provide snacks, drinks and bathroom breaks for every 45 minutes of an interview. 
C)  Audio-record all interviews conducted at the police station. 
D)  Refrain from tricking or lying to any suspects as a means of inducing a confession.

Question 12

Which statement about false confessions is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Almost 90 percent of false confessions are for the crimes of rape and murder. 
B)  In the United States youths have a disproportionately high rate of false confessions. 
C)  Canadian police use an effective modified set of interrogation techniques for youth. 
D)  Research indicates those who falsely confess score high on suggestibility and compliance. 
A)  Almost 90 percent of false confessions are for the crimes of rape and murder. 
B)  In the United States youths have a disproportionately high rate of false confessions. 
C)  Canadian police use an effective modified set of interrogation techniques for youth. 
D)  Research indicates those who falsely confess score high on suggestibility and compliance.

Question 13

Which statement about the Mr. Big technique is FALSE ?

Accepted Answer

A)  It was developed by the RCMP in British Columbia. 
B)  It distinguishes between suspects in and out of police custody. 
C)  It relies heavily on the ability to infiltrate an existing criminal organization. 
D)  The technique is time consuming and costly in terms of elaborate staging. 
A)  It was developed by the RCMP in British Columbia. 
B)  It distinguishes between suspects in and out of police custody. 
C)  It relies heavily on the ability to infiltrate an existing criminal organization. 
D)  The technique is time consuming and costly in terms of elaborate staging.

Question 14

The main point of the story of the Kyle Unger Manitoba murder case was that:

Accepted Answer

A)  after serving 14 years on a conviction that was overturned, a case cannot be retried. 
B)  acquittals may not result in wrongful conviction compensation if the case had a confession. 
C)  false testing of trace evidence may result in expensive wrongful conviction compensation. 
D)  cases may be overturned if police engage in an undercover sting to get a confession. 
A)  after serving 14 years on a conviction that was overturned, a case cannot be retried. 
B)  acquittals may not result in wrongful conviction compensation if the case had a confession. 
C)  false testing of trace evidence may result in expensive wrongful conviction compensation. 
D)  cases may be overturned if police engage in an undercover sting to get a confession.

Question 15

As a result of a long, drawn-out interrogation process, Kathryn confessed to a crime knowing that she did not commit it. This type of confession is called an:

Accepted Answer

A)  authentic-voluntary confession. 
B)  instrumental-coerced confession. 
C)  authentic-coerced confession. 
D)  instrumental-voluntary confession. 
A)  authentic-voluntary confession. 
B)  instrumental-coerced confession. 
C)  authentic-coerced confession. 
D)  instrumental-voluntary confession.

Question 16

In the controversial case of R. v. Singh, the Canadian Supreme Court held that:

Accepted Answer

A)  a person's request for an attorney is not the same as asserting the right to be silent, so questioning can continue. 
B)  at the time a person asserts the right to be silent, they can no longer be interrogated. 
C)  once a person requests an attorney, he or she can no longer be questioned about a crime. 
D)  police can continue to question suspects even after they assert their right to be silent. 
A)  a person's request for an attorney is not the same as asserting the right to be silent, so questioning can continue. 
B)  at the time a person asserts the right to be silent, they can no longer be interrogated. 
C)  once a person requests an attorney, he or she can no longer be questioned about a crime. 
D)  police can continue to question suspects even after they assert their right to be silent.

Question 17

Utilizing two interrogators working together to obtain a confession is often referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  tag teaming. 
B)  good cop-bad cop. 
C)  collar collaboration. 
D)  alternating interrogation. 
A)  tag teaming. 
B)  good cop-bad cop. 
C)  collar collaboration. 
D)  alternating interrogation.

Question 18

Which is NOT one of the steps used in the Reid technique?

Accepted Answer

A)  cut off all attempts by the suspect to deny involvement in the crime 
B)  as he or she appears to tire, avoid eye contact to help the suspect save face 
C)  hold attention by demonstrating sincere understanding, pats or touch 
D)  offer the suspect a plausible excuse for having committed the crime 
A)  cut off all attempts by the suspect to deny involvement in the crime 
B)  as he or she appears to tire, avoid eye contact to help the suspect save face 
C)  hold attention by demonstrating sincere understanding, pats or touch 
D)  offer the suspect a plausible excuse for having committed the crime

Question 19

Which statement about R. v. Sinclair is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Police made false claims as to incriminating evidence that they had obtained. 
B)  From the outset of questioning, Sinclair said he would not speak without counsel present. 
C)  In jail, Sinclair made a second confession to an undercover police officer. 
D)  The court held that a phone call with an attorney was not representation at questioning. 
A)  Police made false claims as to incriminating evidence that they had obtained. 
B)  From the outset of questioning, Sinclair said he would not speak without counsel present. 
C)  In jail, Sinclair made a second confession to an undercover police officer. 
D)  The court held that a phone call with an attorney was not representation at questioning.

Question 20

After an intense interrogation process, Matthew became convinced that he had robbed the store. This form of false confession is called an:

Accepted Answer

A)  instrumental-voluntary confession. 
B)  instrumental-coerced confession. 
C)  authentic-voluntary confession. 
D)  authentic-coerced confession. 
A)  instrumental-voluntary confession. 
B)  instrumental-coerced confession. 
C)  authentic-voluntary confession. 
D)  authentic-coerced confession.

What are some of the research findings on false confessions?

Which statement is NOT true of Canada's common law confession rule?

What are some possible reforms that can be implemented in police interrogation procedures to reduce the risk of false confessions?

Of all of the traits that can be defined as vulnerability, the text argues that the most dangerous vulnerability is probably:

Research on youth and their understanding of legal rights has found that:

Which statement is NOT true concerning research on the effects of cautionary warnings?

Research outlined in the text has shown that frequency of full confessions that are procured through interrogation is within the range of _____ percent.

What has been the Canadian courts' position on the use of deception by police during interrogations? How does the use of deception during interrogations in other countries such as England and Wales compare?

The tendency to believe that the behavior of others is caused by dispositional traits such as personality rather than some situational crisis is referred to as:

In King and Snook's research on the use of Reid techniques and other influence tactics and coercive strategies, it was found that:

The United Kingdom's Police and Criminal Evidence Act (PACE) requires that police provide a number of protections. Which is NOT one of those protections afforded under the Act?

Which statement about false confessions is FALSE?

Which statement about the Mr. Big technique is FALSE ?

The main point of the story of the Kyle Unger Manitoba murder case was that:

As a result of a long, drawn-out interrogation process, Kathryn confessed to a crime knowing that she did not commit it. This type of confession is called an:

In the controversial case of R. v. Singh, the Canadian Supreme Court held that:

Utilizing two interrogators working together to obtain a confession is often referred to as:

Which is NOT one of the steps used in the Reid technique?

Which statement about R. v. Sinclair is FALSE?

After an intense interrogation process, Matthew became convinced that he had robbed the store. This form of false confession is called an:

Psychology and the Law: a Cautious Alliance

Lie Detection

Criminal Profiling

Eyewitness Identification and Testimony

Interviewing Children and Memories of Sexual Abuse

Jury Selection

Juries and Judges As Decision Makers

Fitness to Stand Trial and Criminal Responsibility

Predicting Violent Behaviour and Risk Assessment

Corrections: Sentencing, Imprisonment, and Alternatives

Battered Women Syndrome and Syndrome Evidence

Role of Psychology in the Civil Area: Child Custody Disputes, Parental Competence, Workplace Law

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Exam 2: Interrogations and Confessions

What are some of the research findings on false confessions?

Which statement is NOT true of Canada's common law confession rule?

What are some possible reforms that can be implemented in police interrogation procedures to reduce the risk of false confessions?

Of all of the traits that can be defined as vulnerability, the text argues that the most dangerous vulnerability is probably:

Research on youth and their understanding of legal rights has found that:

Which statement is NOT true concerning research on the effects of cautionary warnings?

Research outlined in the text has shown that frequency of full confessions that are procured through interrogation is within the range of _____ percent.

What has been the Canadian courts' position on the use of deception by police during interrogations? How does the use of deception during interrogations in other countries such as England and Wales compare?

The tendency to believe that the behavior of others is caused by dispositional traits such as personality rather than some situational crisis is referred to as:

In King and Snook's research on the use of Reid techniques and other influence tactics and coercive strategies, it was found that:

The United Kingdom's Police and Criminal Evidence Act (PACE) requires that police provide a number of protections. Which is NOT one of those protections afforded under the Act?

Which statement about false confessions is FALSE?

Which statement about the Mr. Big technique is FALSE ?

The main point of the story of the Kyle Unger Manitoba murder case was that:

As a result of a long, drawn-out interrogation process, Kathryn confessed to a crime knowing that she did not commit it. This type of confession is called an:

In the controversial case of R. v. Singh, the Canadian Supreme Court held that:

Utilizing two interrogators working together to obtain a confession is often referred to as:

Which is NOT one of the steps used in the Reid technique?

Which statement about R. v. Sinclair is FALSE?

After an intense interrogation process, Matthew became convinced that he had robbed the store. This form of false confession is called an:

Psychology and the Law: a Cautious Alliance

Lie Detection

Criminal Profiling

Eyewitness Identification and Testimony

Interviewing Children and Memories of Sexual Abuse

Jury Selection

Juries and Judges As Decision Makers

Fitness to Stand Trial and Criminal Responsibility

Predicting Violent Behaviour and Risk Assessment

Corrections: Sentencing, Imprisonment, and Alternatives

Battered Women Syndrome and Syndrome Evidence

Role of Psychology in the Civil Area: Child Custody Disputes, Parental Competence, Workplace Law

Filters